125.350: FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT Week 1 Problems SIMPLE VS GEOMETRIC RETURNS Geometric return: Geometric mean return provides more accurate measurement of the true return by considering year-over-year compounding If ‘A’ dollar invested for 1 year at r rate of interest, the value of investment in 1 year, If ‘A’ dollar invested for 2 years at r rate of interest, the value of investment in 2 years, If ‘A’ dollar invested for n years at r rate of interest, the value of investment in n years, If A = $1, FVn = (1 + r)n What is the average or mean future value? Mean of future value = Mean return = (subtracting 1 since $1 is the original investment) Now consider r is different for each year ( r1 , r2 , r3 ,…..,rn ) , the mean future value of $1 investment would be, Mean return = => Geometric mean COMPOUNDING & DISCOUNTING The opposite of compounding is discounting In Future Value (FV) calculations, we use compounding In Present Value (PV) calculations, we use discounting If ‘A’ dollar is received in 1 year at r rate of interest, the value of the investment at present, If ‘A’ dollar is received in 2 year at r rate of interest, the value of the investment at present, If ‘A’ dollar is received in n year at r rate of interest, the value of the investment at present, If $1 dollar is received in n year at r rate of interest, the value of the investment at present, So far we have assumed: interest rate compounds annually If the interest rate compound semi-annually per year at a rate r, If the interest rate compound quarterly per year at a rate r, If the interest rate compound monthly per year at a rate r, If the interest rate compound daily per year at a rate r, If the interest rate compound m times per year at a rate r, If the interest rate compound m times per year for t years at a rate r, CONTINUOUS COMPOUNDING & DISCOUNTING In the limit as we compound more and more frequently, we obtain continuously compounded interest rates In the limit as we discount more and more frequently, we obtain continuously discounted interest rates If we invest $100 today (time 0) at a continuously compounded rate r for time T, it will grow to $100e rT in T years If we receive $100 at time T it is discounted to $100e −rT today (time zero) when the continuously compounded discount rate is r What does e stand for? e is a constant which can be defined as an infinite series: Using the first 4 terms, we get: Using the first 6 terms, we get: Using the first 6 terms, we get: As we keep increasing the terms the value of e increases at a decreasing rate => incremental effect becomes very small In EXCEL, if we type: =exp(1) we get the value of e = 2.718282 => e represent a continuous case where, m tends to go infinite ➢ If r compounds continuously (m tends to go infinite) in a year, the FV of $1 = If r compounds continuously in a year, then we can write r as an exponential function = The opposite of compounding is the discounting => if r is continuously compounded, the discount rate = ➢ If r compounds continuously (m tends to go infinite) in T years, the FV of $1 = If r compounds continuously in T years, then we can write r as an exponential function = The opposite of compounding is the discounting => if r compounds continuously in T years, the discount rate =
Data Analysis Applications Assignment 1 Instructions This assignment challenges you to engage directly with data analysis using Python in Google Colab, leveraging Gemini to guide their coding attempts. The objective is to apply theoretical concepts from the course to a realworld dataset, recognizing the challenges and limitations of big data analytics when executed without formal programming training. The emphasis is not on obtaining perfectly correct results but on engaging with the data, reflecting on the process, and critically analyzing Al-assisted programming. The Assignment Using the dataset provided in the Allianz case, answer the following questions: 1. What is the business problem in the case and how is this problem transformed into a machine learning problem? 2. Who are the T&B customers? Describe the most important characteristics of the the customers and their outstanding policies. 3. Compare T&B customers to the online visitors that did not convert into purchasing customers. Can you identify the main drivers of customer conversion? 4. In your attempt at analysis, what worked and what didn't? How did the Al-augmented system add value or create challenges? Answer these questions in 800-1,000 words written in the style. of a blog or LinkedIn post. You must include a link to your Google Colab notebook in your report. Submitting the Assignment Create a new thread under the discussion topic Data Analysis Applications Assignment 1, available under Brightspace under "Discussions". Post your 800-1,000 word response as a thread. Once your thread is posted, you will be able to view and comment other student's submissions. You must make a meaningful comment on at least one other submission.
Course Syllabus Introduction to Management Information Systems (MISY261 Online) Summer 2025 Course Description A foundational course covering how management information systems are used in modern businesses to support employees. Emphasis will be placed on providing students with the knowledge and skills to contributions to the success of their organizations. proficiently use business tools, such as databases and data visualization software, to make meaningful contributions to the success of their organizations. Assignment Information Assignment Name Description MylTLab Access Assignments The MylTLab Access homework assignments cover Chapters 1, 2, 3, and 5 in the Exploring Microsoft Access eBook on MylTLab. All assignments must be done individually, not collaboratively with any other student. MylTLab notifies your instructor if work was copied or submitted using another student's file. Students can resubmit the MyITLab assignments as many times as they would like before the deadline to improve their scores. Only the highest score will be recorded. Database Exam The Database Exam (taken during Week 4 of the course) covers all of the database lectures and assignments from Weeks/Modules 1, 2, and 3 in multiple-choice format. The exam will NOT cover the MIS lectures and assignments. Students must take the exam at either the UD Testing Center or through ProctorU, and your exam location will be determined by the UD Online staff. Students will only have one attempt to complete the exam. The testing window is from Wednesday, July 2nd to Thursday July 3rd. An email will be sent to you with exam scheduling information and assigned exam destination (Newark Testing Center for students living in Delaware or ProctorU for students living out-of-state). If you do not see an email or are assigned to the wrong testing location, please contact UD Online at [email protected] MIS Concept Quizzes The quizzes on the MIS material in each module will test you on concepts from the lectures, slides, and readings through multiple-choice, true/false, and matching questions. Each quiz contains 15 questions and you have 15 minutes to complete the quiz. You may use your notes or the readings for these quizzes, but be aware of the time limit. You will have two attempts for each quiz, and the highest score will be recorded. MIS Case Discussions It's important for you to interact with your peers to discuss and reinforce the course material. My goal is to make the discussions fun and interactive, so feel free to inject your own personality into your responses. You will start each discussion with an initial post answering the prompt given by the given deadline and a response to one peer by the second deadline. If someone already has a response to their post, choose another peer that does not have a response yet. Data Analysis Case Study Using the information in the Data Cleaning and Analysis module, you will complete a case study that will have you complete a few data cleaning tasks in MS Excel and pull the data into Tableau for creating a series of data visualizations. This assignment is designed to simulate a professional data analysis project where you will take on the role of a data analyst. Make sure to review the assignment rubric BEFORE starting the case study assignment.
MANU2491 Digital Applications for Fashion Enterprise 1 ITRODUCTION Assignment 2 Visual and Data Analysis Folio This course introduces the software applications that are commonly used within entry-level employment positions in the fashion industry. Digital engagement plays an important role in fashion enterprise & industry practice. In this course, the software used will include creative & business applications for artistic & commercial outcomes. Commercial Application In the Assessment 2, you are required to apply the technical digital skills you have learned. Using your researching and technical skills, you will identify a trend forecast scenario related to a specified fashion enterprise. Using MS Excel, you are to prepare a trend forecast report for either (1) Gucci or (2) Uniqlo outlining a current or future fashion trend for AW 26 or SS 26 respectively. Using market data of the fashion you have selected you are to analyse and prepare a trend forecast report as a buyer. You are expected to use the features of MS Excel in analysing the data and your report could include MS Excel graphical features like charts, formulas and pivot table analysis. Commercial process should include data analysis pertaining to the fashion enterprise you have chosen. Creative Application Using Creative Digital Application software (Adobe Photoshop, Illustrator, Express and InDesign) you are to design a trend board for either (1) for Gucci or (2) Uniqlo outlining a current or future fashion trend, for either SS 26 or AW 26 to be used as an inspiration for the fashion range development. Using the research conducted into fashion media & industry forecasts, the digital trend board should be focused on the communication of the identified fashion trend you have selected. The trend board should include the components– (a) fashion design direction or inspiration images, (b) colour swatches/ including colour reference codes, (c) print & pattern or material direction, (d) garment flat (CADs) direction. It should be primarily visual although, minor information and key notes, necessary to augment understanding of the trend, should be integrated within the board design along with in-text references for images. You should design the board in an A3 landscape format using appropriate software. A written report detailing trend analysis, rationale for imagery, information sources and images sources used is to be submitted as part of this assessment. The layout of the report would be designed using applicable creative software as used for the Trend board. The report should be approximately 750-500 words long, be logically structured & use Harvard referencing style. The outcome of this Trend Board is to be developed in conjunction with the trend forecast report. Creative collaterals should include collected imagery, use of Infographics to present and document analysis and outcomes, inspiration for range plan, range plan development, garment flats, application of AI to develop colourways, specifications, and a video. You will be expected to demonstrate digital capabilities and present propositions, relevant to your chosen enterprise. ASSESSMENT 2 – Commercial Applications - An MS Excel workbook with forecast reporting and pivot analysis (excel) and Data analysis summarisation report (word/pdf). Creative Applications – Trend board (pdf), trend analytical report (word/pdf), a PDF version of your Infographic poster (findings from file 1) (pdf), range plan (pdf), an mp4 of your video (mp4)
ELEC ENG 3088/7088 Computer Architecture Assignment — RISC-V RV64F ISS — Stage 2 Your task for this assignment is to extend your RV64I ISS from Stage 1 with: • "RV64F" Extension for Single-Precision Floating-Point, Version 2.2, defined in Chapter 20 of The RISC-V Instruction Set Manual Volume I: Unprivileged Architecture, version 20240411, • Create a comprehensive test suite for RV64F. The RISC-V “F” Extension specification defines single-precision floating-point computational instructions compliant with the IEEE 754-2008 arithmetic standard (ANSI/IEEE Std 754-2008, IEEE Standard for Floating- Point Arithmetic, 2008). The “F” extension depends on the “Zicsr” extension for control and status register access. For this stage of the assignment, you should implement all registers and instructions defined in the “F” extension. The required instructions provided by “Zicsr” extension is provided as part of the skeleton in processorZicsr.cpp. You should implement all the instructions listed in Chapter 34 for RV32F and RV64F, with all instruction implementations in processorF.cpp. The RV64F instructions must only be valid when We have provided an extended command handler that implements the following commands, in addition to those provided for Stage 1: Command Operation performed csr num Show the content of CSR num (num in hex). The value is displayed as 16 hex digits with leading 0s. csr num = value Set CSR num to value (num and value in hex). The following Zicsr extension instructions are provided: • csrrw, csrrs, csrrwi to implement the RV32F/RV64F pseudo-instructions: • frcsr, frrm, frflags, fscsr, fsrm, fsflags, fsrmi, fsflagsi. The floating-point control and status registers are listed in Table 71 of the manual and described here: Number Privilege Name Defined in process.h Description 0x001 Read/Write fflags CSR_NUM_FFLAGS Floating-Point Accrued Exceptions. 0x002 Read/Write frm CSR_NUM_FRM Floating-Point Dynamic Rounding Mode. 0x003 Read/Write fcsr CSR_NUM_FCSR Floating-Point Control and Status Register. The second task of the stage is to create a comprehensive test suite for RV64F. The tests should be created in tests/instructionF_tests/ using by creating a series of instruction tests. A sample instructionF_test_frcsr.s is provided that utilizes macros TEST_INIT, TEST_EXPECT, TEST_FAIL and TEST_END. These macros must be used in each of your test scripts and are defined in test_defines.h. Your test suite should check for all possible implementation errors of the RV64F instructions. Please keep an eye on the discussion forum on the course web site. We will answer any questions for clarification of requirements that arise there. We will also announce incremental releases of a test suite for this stage. You must extend your program from Stage 1 and submit via the GitHub classroom listed on the assignment page. We will use a submission script that will check your submission, make your ISS, and run it with several test cases. Compliance with this development process will count toward the assessment of the assignment. For the submission deadline, please refer to the course page on MyUni. There are two stages for the Assignment worth 20% of the course. Your work for Stage 2 will be assessed based on the following criteria, with points awarded out of 1000: • Program builds via supplied Makefile and completes all Stage 1 tests — 100 points • Program passes student created test cases — 100 points • Correct execution, based on the number of course test cases that pass — 400 points • Comprehensive set of test cases, based on the number of errors picked up — 300 points • Shortest set Stage 2 test cases, based on line count of *.s, provided all errors are picked up — 100 points The points for the Stage 2 assignment will comprise 10% of your final assessment for the course. For the submission deadline, please refer to the course page on MyUni.
Homework 1 Due: Before Class #2 Question 1 Here are the latest financial statements filed by Zoom Video Communications (ticker symbol: ZM) with the Securities and Exchange Commission (form 10-K): https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1585521/000158552120000095/zm- 20200131.htm Answer the following questions: a) How much did Zoom have in cash and short-term investments as of January 31, 2020? b) What is the value of Zoom’s total assets? c) What is the value of Zoom’s long-term debt? d) What was the book value of Zoom’s equity? e) Is Zoom a profitable company? f) What was Zoom’s largest expense item for the fiscal year that ended on January 31, 2020. g) Compute Zoom’s gross and net profit margin. Which one is larger? What is the theoretical relationship between gross and net margins, i.e., should one always be larger than the other one? Question 2 Consider the following potential events that might have taken place at Global Conglomerate on December 30, 2015. (This is the company we covered in class. Note that December 30 is one day before the fiscal year end, December 31.) For each one, indicate which line items in Global’s balance sheet would be affected and by how much. Also indicate the change to Global’s book value of equity. (In all cases, ignore any tax consequences for simplicity.) a) Global used $20 million of its available cash to repay $20 million of its long-term debt. b) A warehouse fire destroyed $5 million worth of uninsured inventory. c) Global used $5 million in cash and $5 million in new long-term debt to purchase a $10 million building. d) A large customer owing $3 million for products it already received declared bankruptcy, leaving no possibility that Global would ever receive payment. e) Global’s engineers discover a new manufacturing process that will cut the cost of its flagship product by over 50%. f) A key competitor announces a radical new pricing policy that will drastically undercut Global’s prices. Question 3 What was the change in Global Conglomerate’s book value of equity from 2014 to 2015 according to Table 2.1 from the textbook? Does this imply that the market price of Global’s shares increased in 2015? Explain. Question 4 In early-2015, Abercrombie & Fitch (ANF) had a book equity of $1390 million, a price per share of $25.52, and 69.35 million shares outstanding. At the same time, The Gap (GPS) had a book equity of $2983 million, a share price of $41.19, and 421 million shares outstanding. a) What is the market-to-book ratio of each of these clothing retailers? b) What conclusions can you draw by comparing the two ratios? Question 5 See Table 2.5 showing financial statement data and stock price data for Mydeco Corp. a) What is Mydeco’s market capitalization at the end of each year? b) What is Mydeco’s market-to-book ratio at the end of each year? Question 6 Suppose that in 2016, Global launches an aggressive marketing campaign that boosts sales by 15%. However, their operating margin falls from 5.57% to 4.50%. Suppose that they have no other income, interest expenses are unchanged, and taxes are the same percentage of pretax income as in 2015. a) What is Global’s EBIT in 2016? b) What is Global’s net income in 2016? c) If Global’s P/E ratio and number of shares outstanding remains unchanged, what is Global’s share price in 2016?
BEMM786 SERVICE DESIGN AND INNOVATION 2024/25 Portfolio WHAT IS THE ASSIGNMENT? A 2,500-word portfolio, in which you will use methods from the course to critically evaluate the customer experience at a tourist site in Exeter and make recommendations for improvement to their service design. Please see the BEMM786 ELE 'Assignments' page for deadline details. This summative assessment is AI-Supported. You must include a declaration acknowledging the use of GenAI in this assessment. This declaration will include a checklist where you can specify how GenAI tools have been used in the completion of your assessment. This must be added as a cover page to your assessment, you can find a template on ELE. All GenAI outputs within assessments must be referenced in line with the University’s referencing requirements. WHAT SHOULD MY PORTFOLIO INCLUDE? The portfolio is a single PDF submission which combines: (1) a worksheet, applying traditional service evaluation techniques, (2) a report, evaluating customer experience using one of the digital techniques from the course and (3) a poster reflecting on the role of digital techniques in analysing customer experience in the future. Part 1 - Worksheet (1,000 words*) Complete the worksheet on traditional service evaluation. To do this, you will be given access to customer data from a local tourist site. This will include customer experience maps and the results of a customer survey. The worksheet requires you to analyse this data using techniques taught in class. Based on your analysis, you will also be asked to evaluate the customer experience and to make recommendations for improvement to the service design. Part 2 – Report (1,000 words*) Write a report evaluating customer experience using a digital technique from the course. You will be given access to a dataset from a tourist site to conduct your analysis. To evaluate the customer experience, you must select either text analysis or eye tracking. When writing your report, include a critical review of your chosen digital technique, using literature to support your arguments. You should also make recommendations for improvement of the service design based on the findings of your analysis. Part 3 - Poster (500 words*) Create a poster summarising your thoughts on the role AI and digital technologies will play in understanding the customer experience in future. Your thoughts can be based on discussions held in class, your experience of applying traditional and digital techniques in parts 1 and 2 and/or wider research. Reflect on whether you think AI and digital technologies will replace traditional customer research as the primary source of information in the years to come? and what the opportunities and challenges might be? What makes a good poster? • Important information should be readable • Word count of about 300-500 words • Language is clear and to the point • Use of bullet points, numbering, and headlines make it easy to read • Effective use of graphics, images, colour and fonts • Consistent and clean layout • Include references where appropriate Notes on presentation: . * The breakdown of the 2,500 wordcount is intended only as a guide. . The 2,500 word limit does not include tables, figures and diagrams, reference list or appendices but does include in-text citations. It may be extended by up to 10% if needed. . You must use the APA (7th) style of referencing. The Business School’s Guide to Citing, Referencing and Avoiding Plagiarism is available on the UEBS Academic Development Resources. HOW WILL MY PORTFOLIO BE ASSESSED? This assignment assesses the following ILOs: . Understand and critique the theories which underpin service design. . Use relevant tools and technology to document, measure and analyse the customer experience. . Critically evaluate design options for service delivery. . Work independently to develop research and problem-solving skills. . Present analytical findings in a written format. Marks will be allocated as follows: % OF MARKS PART 1 Worksheet 40 PART 2 Report 40 PART 3 Poster 20 Marking Criteria You should refer to the generic mark scheme for Masters Programmes (NQF level 7), which you can review here. As the general marking criteria grid makes clear, to gain the highest grades you need to: Knowledge and understanding of subject . Produce work reflecting an outstanding knowledge and critical awareness of course material on customer experience and service design, and how to apply it to the context of the tourist site. . Evidence an appreciation of the complexity the concepts, the limitations of our knowledge, and the impact this has on our ability to evaluate customer experience and make recommendations. Cognitive/intellectual skills . Show outstanding ability to evaluate methodologies critically. . Explicitly acknowledge alternative viewpoints (i.e., don’t only present one side of an argument). . Consider whether theoretical assumptions are realised in practice (e.g., are relationships between concepts presented in some of the course materials shown to be valid in the context of the cathedral?) . Present excellent and well-evidenced conclusions/recommendations that are a progression of ideas identified in your analysis. Use of sources . Evidence excellent critical engagement with a wide range of sources (e.g., academic literature, journalism, company documents) that reveal good research skills. . Ensure that you are using high quality source materials as evidence to back up your ideas (the weekly module materials and reading lists are a good starting point) . Demonstrate a consistently accurate use of academic conventions (such as referencing and avoiding plagiarism) – if you use the UEBS Guide to Citing, Referencing and Avoiding Plagiarism (APA 7th) you will be fine! Digital and employability skills . Demonstrate excellent writing skills with a well-articulated, persuasive, and confident argument. . Ensure that you submit exceptionally well-presented work (i.e., check your spelling and grammar for accuracy, use a consistent 11pt font etc).
EEEN3005J: Communication Theory SEMESTER II FINAL EXAMINATION - 2018/2019 Question 1: A baseband signal, g (t) , with bandwidth 10 kHz, is such that its amplitude satisfies |g (t)| < 0.8 V, and has average power = 0.1 Watts. This signal is connected to a circuit composed of a mixer and an adder as shown in Figure 1 below. The resulting signal, ˜s(t) , is transmitted through a channel as shown. The scaling factor, α, represents a signal power attenuation of 120 dB, and w (t) is additive white Gaussian noise with single-sided power spectral density (PSD) N0= -174 dBm/Hz. The receiver applies an ideal band pass filter having bandwidth just sufficient to capture the whole of the received modulated signal. [Note that if the power of a signal is Pm mWatts, then its power in dBm is = 10 log10(Pm) dBm.] Figure 1: Circuit to be considered in question 1 1. Sketch the time-domain signal, ˜s(t), showing numbers and units on both axes. What name is given to this type of modulation? 2. Calculate the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in dB at point “A”. Do not count the carrier component as contributing to the “signal power” here, as it bears no information. 3. What do we mean when we say that a random signal is wide-sense stationary? 4. What is meant by the Energy Spectral Density (ESD) of a deterministic energy sig-nal?Consider a signal,x (t), with one-sided ESD given by: Determine the fraction of the signal’s energy that lies in the frequency range 0 < f < 5 kHz Question 2: Consider the circuit in Figure 2 where the control signal c (t), that is guaranteed to be either ±1 V, is used to control the position of the two switches as shown. Figure 2: Circuit to be considered in question 2 1. Write a simple expression for the circuit’s output, vout(t), in terms of c (t) and ˜s(t), explaining your answer by clearly describing the operation of the circuit when c (t) = +1 V and when c (t) = -1 V. 2. Let ˜s(t) be a bandpass signal with centre frequency fc Hz, and c (t) be a square wave signal alternating between ±1 V also with frequency fc Hz. In this case • sketch a possible power spectral density (PSD) for ˜s(t) • sketch the PSD of c (t) • sketch the resulting PSD of vout(t) 3. Provide a clear definition of “Double SideBand Suppressed Carrier (DSB-SC)” modu-lation. Your answer should contain the mathematical expressions and derivations of a DSB-SC signal in the time and frequency domain. You should also include sketches of an example DSB-SC signal in both domains. 4. Explain how the circuit in Figure 2 could be used, in conjunction with some additional circuit elements, to demodulate a DSB-SC signal. 5. The process of demodulating a DSB-SC signal often su↵ers from local oscillator “phase and/or frequency mismatch” errors. Explain the meaning of this statement Question 3: 1. What is the instantaneous frequency fi (t) of an arbitrary signal A (t) cos (φ (t))? 2. If a modulated signal can be written as Ac cos (2πfct + θ(t)) give an expression for the instantaneous frequency. 3. What is Frequency Modulation (FM)? your answer should derive an expression for ˜s (t), the FM signal, in terms of g (t) the modulating signal, and kf the frequency sensitivity. 4. Let g (t) be a sine wave with amplitude Am and frequency fm kHz. • Derive an expression for ˜s (t) in terms of Am and fm. • What is the modulation index β and modify the above expression to include β. • Derive an expression for whats called ”the peak frequency deviation” ∆f . Hint: ∆f is should really be called the ”peak instantaneous frequency deviation” • Why is the spectrum of this sinusoidal modulation FM signal, ˜s (t) a line spectra? • The Fourier series for ˜s (t) is: where Jn (β) is the nth order Bessel function of the first kind. Let fm = 8kHz, and fc = 100MHz: – Using Figure 3 sketch the spectra for β = 0.1 – If Am = 1Volt, what approximate value of frequency sensitivity kf would result in the spectral component at fc being zero? You answer should use the correct units for kf. Figure 3: Some Bessel functions for use in question 3. Question 4: Consider the system shown in Figure 4. Figure 4: System to be considered in question 4 1. Write an expression for y (t). 2. Hence, or otherwise, derive (don’t just quote) a time domain criteria on p (T) such that the collection of samples {y (kT)} are all ISI-free. 3. Derive (don’t just quote) the frequency domain version of the criteria derived in part 2. Let T = 1 and P (f), as shown in Figure 5(a), be the Fourier transform. of p (T): i.e. a triangular function of f. Figure 5: (a) Amplitude spectrum, |P (f)|, of pulse p (T) and (b) the cascade of two pulse shaping filters. 4. Is this p (T) an ISI-free pulse? Give reasons for your answer. 5. Is the cascade of two of these, as shown in Figure 5(b), ISI-free? 6. Suggest a simple modification to P (f) that would allow the cascade of two of them to be ISI-free. 7. Why is this an important result? Give an example of where it is commonly used.
ECON 306 6980 Intermediate Microeconomic Theory Summer 2025 Course Description Prerequisite: ECON 203. An analysis of the principles underlying the behavior. of individual consumers and business firms. The objective is to analyze microeconomic indicators and trends and evaluate their impact Discussion covers theories of welfare, taxation, marketing systems, and income distribution. Students may receive credit for only one of the following courses: ECON 306 or ECON 403. Course Introduction This course is devoted to the use of microeconomic theory in addressing personal and business economic decision making. We will begin by developing the economic model of the firm. Because the decision-making process often requires an elementary understanding of economic and statistical relations, we will describe a number of basic economic relations and statistical concepts early in the course. We will continue by exploring production theory and cost analysis as means for understanding the economics of a firm's resource allocation and employment. We will also study the competitive external economic environment in which the firm operates and examine the pricing practices needed for successful management. We will, in addition, study the microeconomic principles that influence the behavior. of consumers as they allocate their income in ways that yield them the greatest satisfaction, given their budgets and prices. Course Outcomes After completing this course, you should be able to analyze and apply microeconomic theory to make better-informed personal and professional economic decisions examine microeconomic theory to better understand the economic behavior. of firms and industries contrast the effects of different market structures on firm behavior. differentiate and discuss competing approaches to price theory illustrate how economic principles influence societal events
MANU-2491 – Digital Applications for Fashion Enterprise -1 Assignment – 2: Trend & Data Folio Process Flow of the Assignment (Commercial and Creative) Overview This assignment is made up of two key parts: • PART A Commercial Application- 50% • PART B Creative Application- 50% You will be required to clearly label and submit all the parts via electronic submission on Canvas on Part A (week 12) and Part B (week 13). PART A – Commercial Data research and summarisation (50%) STEP 1: Data Analysis Process 1.1. Outcome: To submit a MS Excel workbook of your data research, forecast reporting and pivot analysis (excel) (40%) 1.2. Process: You are required to use the given data to meet the following requirements and answer each of the Assignment-2 sections: a. Choose one brand Uniqlo or GUCCI b. Using Excel functions predict the next season sales values for all the styles. Refer the table below for the next season (Australian seasons): Brand Next Season Uniqlo SS 26 GUCCI AW 26 c. From the predicted sales values, Identify the style/s that is expected to generate highest/lowest revenue in the next season d. Based on your analysis, Identify the style/s that could be dropped from the collection for the next season e. Using Excel formulas and functions create the Report sheet as shown in the cover sheet of the Data file. f. Using Pivot Analysis and Pivot Charts, show the outcome of the following data analysis, 1. Comparison between the categories based on the revenue 2. Comparison between the categories and subcategories based on the revenue 3. Comparison between the categories and colour based on the revenue 4. Comparison between the categories and patterns based on the revenue 5. Comparison between the patterns 6. Comparison between the colours g. Consider this step while creating your range plan. You are allowed to use one, two or more combinations of the above findings to create the Range Plan. Example A: You could use the findings of Process.6 (the Colour with the highest revenue) as your base colour in the Range Plan. Example B: You could use the findings of Process.5 (the Pattern with the highest revenue) as your base pattern in the Range Plan Example C: You could use the findings of Process 6 & Process 5 (the Pattern with the highest revenue and the Colour with the highest revenue) as the base pattern and colour in the Range Plan. The steps to create the Range Plan are suggested further in this document in Step 6. STEP 2: Written Report as a Buyer Outcome: To submit a MS Word report on your data research and summarisation process (10%) You are required to write a report to explain the data analysis process and summarise your findings as a buyer of the respective brand. Part of the assignment is to develop understanding of the industrial roles, and the application of the skills learnt during the course. Use the following structure for the report. Suggested Layout for the Excel Written Report 1 Cover page (Assessment Title + Brand Name + Student Name) 2 Introduction for the report and the brand, including the objective of the report 3 Analysis Briefly mention the functions and formulas used to analyse the data from the previous season. Continue this section to then provide reasoning or strategic thought process undertaken to design the analysis process. 4 Findings List the styles that you expect to perform. well in the next season. List the styles that you wish to discontinue from the collection. Provide reasoning as a buyer. 5 Conclusion 6 References if any PART B – Trend Board and Written Report (50%) STEP 3: TREND BOARD (10%) Outcome: To design a Trend Board and submit as a PDF Brand: Using your chosen brand, either Gucci or Uniqlo (choose one), you are required to design a trend board which could be used as an inspiration for a range plan development. You are to develop your trend board using Creative Digital Application software (Adobe Photoshop, Illustrator and InDesign). • Season: Using your research findings outline a current or future trend for either SS 26 OR AW 26 on your trend board. • Using research, conducted into fashion media & industry forecasts; the digital trend board should be focused on the communication of the identified fashion trend you have selected. • The Trend Board should be primarily visual, although, minor information & key notes necessary to augment understanding of the trend should be integrated within the trend board design. • All research references should be referenced in Harvard referencing style. and in-text references presented on your Trend board (reference to images on the board could either be numbers, figure numbers or intext citations). PROCESS: Step 3.1. Conduct research for the design and content of trend boards: a) Browse Trend websites through RMIT library website and other relevant online trend forecasting sites. https://rmit.libguides.com/fashiontextiles b) Examine and identify future trends which could be used as an inspiration for future range plan development. c) Decide on the brand you will work on - either Uniqlo (SS 26) OR Gucci (AW 26) d) Using library, online and classroom resources, consider how your trend board should look – think about the principles of layout design and how you could use the design elements to create balance and visual hierarchy in your layout. This is visual communication, so think about how you could effectively communicate the identified trend through your visual layout. Also think about the Brand and how that brand uses visual communication. e) The size of the trend board needs to be print ready A3, landscape format. Step 3.2. Develop the materials necessary for the trend board: a) Focus on creating/ editing and gathering images for the trend board. Study the enterprise and market to collate visual information. b) Research on images to showcase the design direction for your chosen category and season- the images can also include sub-categories within your category. The images should focus on the identified trend/ theme and should represent that. c) Research and collate colour direction for the chosen trend, season, and category. The trend board should include a range of colour swatches with pantone colour reference codes. d) Research what patterns or materials might be in trend for your chosen season and category. The trend board needs to include at least 3 inspiration images for pattern direction or material swatches. e) Research what type of garment silhouettes would be in trend for the chosen brand, season and category and sub-category and source CAD flats that reflect that. Include at least 3 CAD flats. You do not need to manipulate these; they can be sourced flats. f) Remember you will need to reference each image on the trend board – so keep note of source and references details. g) Key words and minor information need to be integrated within the trend board. Step 3.3. Construct your trend board using appropriate software: a) Use the images created, edited, and collated in Step 2 to populate your trend board layout designed in Step 1 (use InDesign or Illustrator or Photoshop for layout composition). b) The Trend board needs to include a heading which clearly states the trend/ theme, brand, season, and category. c) Key words describing images/ illustrations and minor information need to be integrated within the trend board- to enable understanding of the choice of visual information. d) Once again, think about effectively applying the principles of layout design and how you could use the design elements to create balance and visual hierarchy in your layout. The goal is to effectively communicate the identified trend through your visual layout. e) Use appropriate software to edit your images and work on your layout – be creative and innovative while editing sourced images and creating your layout. Step 3.4. Save the file for submission: a) Save your trend board as a print ready PDF and submit via Canvas with other files. STEP 4: Written Report to support trend board (5%) Outcome: A written report needs to be submitted along with the trend board PROCESS: Step 4.1. The written report needs to approximately 500 words long and include: a) Analysis and summary of the identified fashion trend – discussing and explaining the research conducted b) Rationale for the imagery used c) Reflection on design decisions and design development by discussing the design elements Step 4.2. References: a) Detailed information sources (Use Harvard referencing style) b) Image sources/ references (Use Harvard referencing style) Step 4.3. Save the file for submission. You are required to save your written report as a PDF, clearly label with your name and student number and electronically submit via Canvas. Step 5: Infographics (10%): Submit a PDF version of your Infographic poster. The infographic elements developed will also be used in the video presentation (in Step 7) Use infographics to visually present the data analysis and outcomes (as obtained in Commercial- Part A, Step 1, section g). Suggested process: • Visually present your key findings/ outcomes in the form. of infographics • Choose a relevant template • Source, edit and develop infographic elements using appropriate software • Once layout is complete, export as pdf / jpeg • Sections of the infographic needs to be used for the video (Step 7) Step 6: Range Plan development (15%): Submit a PDF version of your range plan illustration. Use the outcomes from the data analysis process to inform. and inspire a range plan development for Spring/Summer 25 or Autumn/Winter 25 for your chosen Brand (either Uniqlo OR Gucci). The Range Plan to contain: Garment 1: Manipulated CAD flat- front and back, with specifications as below. References need to include a visual of the sourced CAD flat that has been manipulated. You are required to creatively manipulate and alter the sourced CAD to make it look different; you may also combine 2/3 CADs to create a new one. • Garment 1 colourway A: 1st colourway of Garment 1 with indication of colour, material etc. including Pantone colour reference codes and specifications. • Garment 1 colourway B: 2nd colourway of Garment 1 with indication of colour, material etc. including Pantone colour reference codes and specifications. • Garment 1 colourway C: 3rd colourway of Garment 1 with indication of colour, material etc. including Pantone colour reference codes and specifications. Garment 2: Manipulated CAD flat- front and back, with specifications as below. References need to include a visual of the sourced CAD flat that has been manipulated. You are required to creatively manipulate and alter the sourced CAD to make it look different; you may also combine 2/3 CADs to create a new one. · Garment 2 colourway A: colourway of Garment 2 with indication of colour, material etc. including Pantone colour reference codes and specifications. · Garment 2 colourway B: 2nd colourway of Garment 2 with indication of colour, material etc. including Pantone colour reference codes and specifications. · Garment 2 colourway C: 3rd colourway of Garment 2 with indication of colour, material etc. including Pantone colour reference codes and specifications. Garment 3: Manipulated CAD flat- front and back, with specifications as below. References need to include a visual of the sourced CAD flat that has been manipulated. You are required to creatively manipulate and alter the sourced CAD to make it look different; you may also combine 2/3 CADs to create a new one. · Garment 3 colourway A: 1st colourway of Garment 3 with indication of colour, material etc. including Pantone colour reference codes and specifications. · Garment 3 colourway B: 2nd colourway of Garment 3 with indication of colour, material etc. including Pantone colour reference codes and specifications. · Garment 3 colourway C: 3rd colourway of Garment 3 with indication of colour, material etc. including Pantone colour reference codes and specifications. Garment 4: New, original created CAD flat- front and back. Create a print/pattern inspired from the trend research for this garment and create 3 colourways using AI and fill the pattern in the garment. Follow the specifications below. (Create a new CAD in Illustrator on a blank artboard) · Garment 4 colourway A: 1st colourway of Garment 4 with indication of colour, material etc. including Pantone colour reference codes and specifications. · Garment 4 colourway B: 2nd colourway of Garment 4 with indication of colour, material etc. including Pantone colour reference codes and specifications. · Garment 4 colourway C: 3rd colourway of Garment 4 with indication of colour, material etc. including Pantone colour reference codes and specifications.
DECO3800/7380 Design Computing Studio 3 - Proposal 2025 Semester 1 Assignment 3 (Individual) Weight : [4 (DECO3800) | 3 (DECO7380)] Due 11 June 2025 15:00 AEST Learning Objectives: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 3. Studio Portfolio Collecting and reflecting on your work Introduction The main individual item of assessment for Studio 3 - Proposal is your portfolio. In Studio 3 where we do not have a final examination, this assessment item plays a similar role to a final exam, where you are required to demonstrate what you have learned across the whole course. The way it is assessed, however, is quite different. "Successful problem solving requires finding the right solution to the right problem. We fail more often because we solve the wrong problem than because we get the wrong solution to the right problem." ~ Russell L. Ackoff The main purpose of a portfolio in a design course is for you to gather together examples and evidence of the work that you have done throughout the course. Traditionally, portfolios are collections of work that individuals can share with prospective employers or potential collaborators to showcase examples of the work that they have done. In a course like DECO3800, the work you contribute to your team's outcome will be heavily influenced by your own skills and background, as well as by the nature of the project you have worked on. The contents of your portfolio might therefore include design work related to any number of things, including: project inspirations from existing products or services; user research to learn more about the context of use; sketches and schematics relating to data structures; visual designs of interface elements; reports on technology spikes; code snippets to explore functionality, etc. A studio portfolio will show off not only what work you have done, but also what you learned as a result of doing it. This reflective and critical component is important so that you can demonstrate deeper learning. Your reflections will feature in this studio portfolio through you providing a commentary on the work that you have chosen to feature. The record that you have kept in your Design Journal throughout the semester will be an important source of information for your portfolio. You are encouraged to include content from journal entries where appropriate to reinforce the work you are reporting on and the context it was developed, but you can and should re-write content for the purpose of presenting it as part of your portfolio. Task Description: The Portfolio is the main individual assessment for Studio 3 - Proposal. It is delivered at the end-point of your semester's work and is both an opportunity for you to collect together the work that you have done as well as to demonstrate what you have learned this semester in the context of your team's project. To do this well, you will need to reflect on the work you have done, while maintaining a focus on what you have contributed to the content and process of your team's project. In terms of overall assessment for the course, the portfolio plays a similar role to the final exam in a more traditional content-based course. Like a final exam, it is intended to assess your learning as an individual across the whole course. Unlike a course with a final exam, the content you will focus on will be specific to your individual project. In the portfolio, therefore, your task is to demonstrate what you have learned in the specific context of your project—both in terms of the content you focused on, and the process you followed. The specific content that you choose to include in your portfolio will be entirely up to you, but will most likely consist of a combination of topics that are focused on the problem or challenge your team identified, the solution you have designed, the methods and processes that you followed, and your work process. All of this needs to be presented clearly so that the audience can understand what you personally have contributed to the team's project and learned as a result of this. You should focus on quality over quantity. For a given topic, it is much more preferable to focus on a high quality and detailed description of a smaller number of works, rather than presenting a longer sequence of works at a more superficial level of detail. Remember that working on a team-based project involves activity that is focused on content and process. If a significant aspect of your contribution to the project has been more process- focused (e.g. project management, conflict resolution, leadership) then this also appropriate to include, but it would need to have been a significant contribution to be worth focusing on and you would need to do more than just report on what you did for it to be worthwhile. Required content Your portfolio will be delivered via the Studio 3 Wiki site. You are free to arrange your pages on the wiki to best fit how you want to structure your portfolio to communicate about your work. Your portfolio should be structured as a collection of pages where it is clear to the reader how to navigate through them bearing in mind your intended audience includes potential employers or future funders of your work. The following is a structure for you to follow, but it is ultimately your choice precisely how to organise your content so that these requirements are met. 1. Main portfolio page, including • Your name and the title of the portfolio • A single overview paragraph that is an 'abstract' for the whole portfolio, introducing yourself and the work presented in the portfolio including a summary of the main contributions and/or outcomes presented in the portfolio • An image that is relevant to the contents • Navigation links to the content of the portfolio on other pages 2. A page for each collection of work within your portfolio Each page should be focused on one aspect of your work and should include • A title that describes the topic/focus of the page • The focus could be either content or process-based, but process topics should be restricted to those where you are writing and reflecting about the them from a scholarly perspective (e.g. a specific design method you applied, or a conflict resolution strategy that you followed). • Description of the topic • This will probably be a combination of text and image, depending on the topic • Your contribution • It is OK to include content that was produced collaboratively by your team, but in these cases you should make it completely clear what your contribution to the work was. Including teammates work would be unusual, but where used should be appropriately cited and acknowledged. • Make sure you include specific examples of the work you are reporting on. It is typically not enough to simply write about your contribution--you should include examples of the work itself so that the reader can see evidence of your work. • Commentary/reflection • You should include some critical reflection about the work on the page. For example, how significant is it as a part of the project? What learning did you gain or reinforce as a result of working on this? (remember, a significant aspect of learning in studio is gained from taking knowledge you have learned in previous contexts and applying it in a new situation, understanding it more deeply as a result). What is the quality of the work—how could it be improved, would you do it differently if you were to do a similar project again in the future? How would you do it differently and why?
Embedded System Lab 1 Project Goal The goal of the final project is to navigate the Boe Bot car with LaserPING and QTI line following kit. 2 Schedule Date(Y/M/D) Event 2025/06/04 Final demo 2025/06/11 Final submission due 3 Demo and Submission 1. Demo time/date: 2:00-6:00pm, June 4th, 2025 Each student can use 6min to demo their final project. Please book your demo time at the blackboard (first come first serve). You can demo multiple times as long the 6min time limit is not reached. After allocated 6min is used up, please demo on June 11th, 2025 with a 10% discount. Students should use the demo time slot to explain the tasks for the BB Car and finish the actual demo in time. In case that demo cannot be done on 6/4, patch demo can be graded by TAs between 6/5 and 6/11 (inclusive) with appointment. All patch demo will be taken 10% off of the score. The attendance and presentation of project is required on 6/4 even if a patch demo is needed. No appearance on 6/4 on time in class will result in 20% off the final score. 2. Submission date: June 11, 2025 1. Please submit your codes (with Readme) and pdf report to eeclass. The Readme file should explain how to setup and run your program The pdf report should include your map design and discussion on challenges of BB Car navigaions. 4 Project requirements 1. Please design a complete task for a BB Car navigation. 2. Both B-L4S5I-IOT01A and DISCO_F769NI will be used. 3. In the project, please use MQTT, QTI line following kit, and LaserPING. 4. Please navigate BB Car on a map. 1. Use QTI sensors to follow black lines of the map. 2. Please include at least one circle (page 10 or 11), one branch (page 7). one turn (page 4 and 5), and one curve pattern (page 6, 8, or 9) in the map. 1. Design at least one pattern of your own to replace one of above track pattern. 2. Download the printable tracks from parallax.com or archive.org. Ensure your map contains at least 4x4-16 of these printable track papers. 3. Circle in a map means that there is a route for BB car to start from an original location and go back to the same location. 4. A branch can be in any Y or X shape. 5. Please do not work on the same map as other students. The map design is part of the final project and it is highly related to the program design. 3. Please design different markers to indicate the turn in next branch. For example, when BB Car sees a marker with a pattern of 0111, it will choose to turn right in the next branch. Please design the map with markers such that the BB Car will eventually reach a final destination, which is also marked by a special marker. Note that we do not store a map on the mbed memory. All navigation tasks are handled by mbed controller dynamically. 5. Please create and use MQTT services of status of BB Car during the navigation to F769. For example, we can collect current information of accelerators. Please use the information to estimate the travelled distance and compared with Feedback360 and actual map route. 6. Please design a user interface at F769 to display the information of BB Car. And in the case of problems, e.g., BB Car is stuck at a place, you may use F769 to remote control the BB Car and return to the course for automatic navigation. 7. Please place multiple objects or obstacles on the map and use LaserPING to detect obstacles dynamically and navigate to avoid the obstacles. For example, if there is no branch between BB Car and an obstacle, BB Car will go in reverse to the last branch.
SMM092 Modelling Practice (CP2) Resit Coursework Assignment Task Background You are asked to formulate a model project of your choice for any real or imaginary business application (e.g. manufacturing or sales of a new product, developing and providing some service or transportation, review of any past historical scenario, etc.). You have complete freedom to choose the application that you wish to implement (e.g. anything that is close to your heart, past study topic and/or relevant to your dream work/career). However, it must be an original task developed solely by you and it is not allowed to simply re-use and/or adopt any of the past exam paper tasks (i.e. from internal or external sources). It is essential that you clearly state the aims and objectives of the model and the metrics/parameters used to assess the business application. Thus, the application should have between 4-6 data tables (or more) with parameters relevant to the situation being modelled. Ideally, there should be at least one set of parameters that will need to be checked, validated and then adjusted to make them suitable for modelling (e.g. data that might come from a less reliable source, as in the P1 test context). Furthermore, there should be at least 3 distinct base scenarios for modelling and/or forecasting purposes. Finally, there must be at least 1 extra model extension scenario (e.g. a last-minute change suggested by a senior member of the business management team, as in the P2 test context). You will be assessed based on the complexity, validity and usefulness of the developed spreadsheet model and the way it is presented. Similarly, the accompanying Audit Trail and the Summary document to the given model (and its results) will be an all-important part of the assessment (see below). Part 1: Instructions for the Modelling Task [30 marks] 1. The first task is to formulate the business application and state the aimsand objectives of the spreadsheet model 2. Specify a number ofparameters that are relevant tothemodeland present theminassorted tables (e.g. ina data input sheet) 3. Carryout the data validation and the sensitivity checkson the input data and/or parameters 4. Carryout the modelling task and show clearly the specified scenarios 5. Label clearly all the stagesofthe modelling and provide a number of sense and/or reasonableness tests 6. Provide suitable ways of summarising andillustrating the metricsofthe stated scenarios. Make sure to provide suitable comparative plots for quantitative assessment of the modelling outcomes 7. Carryout the stated model extension task of the new/extra scenario. Make sure that the new set of parameters are applied to all of the previous base scenariosand relevant outputs are produced fora final assessment Part 2: Instructions for the Documentation Task [70 marks] I. Complete the modelling task described in Part 1 in Excel II. Ensure that the approach you have used and the methodology behind your calculations are adequately explained in the Audit Trail. The Audit Trail should be included in the Excel spreadsheet model III. Prepare a separate Summary Word document using discussions, bullet points and charts, capturing the main features and results. As a minimum you should cover the following: • Discussion of the background to the modelled application, including the base and the extra (extension) scenarios • A statement to describe the main aims and objectives of the modelling task • Clarification of the input data/parameters and their sources • A summary of your approach to each of the tasks set out in the Task Description • A suitable comparison and analysis of the base scenarios • A suitable comparison and analysis of the extra (extension) scenario , particularly in terms of the modifiedbase scenarios • A discussion of all the sense and/or reasonableness checks • A final analysis of the metrics relevant for the assessment of the given modelling application • A graphical and descriptive/quantitative comparison of all the final scenarios • Finally, but not least, the Conclusions and Next Steps to the given modelling application IV. Submit the Excel spreadsheet model , with the Audit Trail, and the Summary Word document using the assignment tool on the Moodle page.
STATS 726 STATISTICS Time Series SEMESTER 2, 2020 1 Consider the following processes defined for t ∈ Z: (I) : Xt = 0.9Xt−1 + εt (II) : Xt = −0.9Xt−1 + εt (III) : Xt = 0.9Xt−4 + εt (IV) : Xt = 0.9Xt−1 − 0.9εt−1 + εt (V) : Xt = 0.9Xt−1 − 0.81Xt−2 + εt (VI) : Xt = 0.6Xt−1 + 0.6εt−1 + εt where εt ∼ IIDN(0, σ2 ) and σ 2 > 0. Figure 1 shows the estimated autocorrelation (left panel) and partial autocorrelation (right panel) plots from a sample of size 200 observations drawn from the processes (I)–(VI) in random order. Find the correct autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation plots for each process. Briefly state which feature(s) of the autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation function are used to identify the process. Note: Please refer to appendix for Figure 1 (page 7). [Total: 18 marks] 2 Figure 2 shows the time plot of total monthly expenditure on cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services in Australia (in billions of dollars) for the period April 1982–September 2017. Note: Please refer to appendix for Figures 2 and 3 (pages 8–9). a Describe the time series components that you can observe in Figure 2. [2 marks] b One of your friends suggested to use a log transformation of the original series before building a model. Based on Figure 2, why do you think he/she has suggested this to you? [3 marks] c Figure 3 shows the time plot, autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation plots of ❼ the log-transformed original series ❼ the non-seasonally differenced log-transformed series ❼ the seasonally differenced log-transformed series ❼ both non-seasonally and seasonally differenced log-transformed series. Using Figure 3, suggest an appropriate seasonal ARIMA model for the log-transformed data. Give reasons for your selection. [8 marks] d Your friend recommended to fit models with different values for p, q, P and Q of the ARIMA(p, d, q)(P, D, Q) model, where d and D are as chosen in part 2c. Among these fitted models, he/she suggested to select the model with largest AICc which is defined as where L() is the Gaussian likelihood evaluated at ˆα and n is the length of the time series. Do you agree or disagree with your friend’s recommendation? Give reasons for your selection. [3 marks] e Assume that the parameter estimates of the model suggested in part 2c are given. Explain how you could use this model to forecast the total expenditure for the next month (i.e., October 2017). [6 marks] [Total: 22 marks] 3 Let {Xt}t∈N+ be defined as Xt = Yt + εt , where Yt = Yt−1 + ηt with the initial condition Y0 = 0. {εt}t∈N+ and {ηt}t∈N+ are independent white noise series with variance > 0 and > 0, respectively. Define Zt = ∇Xt = (1−B)Xt . a Determine the orders p, d and q of the ARIMA(p, d, q) model of {Yt}. [1 mark] b Find an expression for Zt in terms of ηt , εt and εt−1. [2 marks] c Show that the autocovariance function of {Zt} is given by [9 marks] d Determine the orders p, d and q of the ARIMA(p, d, q) model of {Zt}. [1 mark] e Using parts 3a and 3d, determine the orders p, d and q of the ARIMA(p, d, q) model of {Xt}. [2 marks] [Total: 15 marks] 4 Let {Xt}t∈Z be the stationary AR(1) process defined as Xt = φXt−1 + εt , where |φ| < 1, εt ∼ WN(0, σ2) and σ2 > 0. Suppose we construct {Yt}t∈Z by using every second element of {Xt} (i.e. Yt = X2t). For example, Y−1 = X−2, Y0 = X0, Y1 = X2 and so on. a Show that i Yt = φ 2Yt−1 + ηt , where ηt = φε2t−1 + ε2t . [3 marks] ii {ηt} is a white noise process. [6 marks] iii {ηt} is uncorrelated with {Yt−1, Yt−2, . . . }. [7 marks] b Determine the orders p, d and q of the ARIMA(p, d, q) model of {Yt}. [1 mark] c Write down an expression for the autocorrelation function of {Yt}. Denote it by ρ(h), where h is the time lag. [2 marks] d Let be the best linear predictor of Y5 based on Y3, Y2 and Y1: = α1Y3 + α2Y2 + α3Y1, where α1, α2 and α3 are real-valued coefficients. i Applying the expression for estimating the coefficients of the best linear predictor (refer slides 66–67 in the “Introduction handout”), show that [4 marks] ii Suppose the following three choices are given for α1, α2 and α3: Among these three choices, which one would you select for (α1, α2, α3) to minimize the mean squared error? Justify your selection. [3 marks] iii Based on your choice for part 4dii, find an expression for E[Y5 − ]2 in terms of φ and γ(0) (i.e., the variance of {Yt}). [3 marks] [Total: 29 marks] 5 Assume that the observations x1, x2, . . . , xn are generated from the model Xt = αXt−1 − (1 − α)Xt−2 + εt , where εt ∼ IIDN(0, 1) and α is a real-valued constant. a Write down the conditional likelihood function of the parameter α based on x1, x2, . . . , xn, where n > 2. [3 marks] b Using part 3a, show that the estimate of α is given by [5 marks] c Suppose x1 = 3, x2 = 2, x3 = 0 and x4 = 1. Calculate based on x1, x2, x3 and x4. State the numerical result to 4 decimal places. [3 marks] d Based on x1, x2, x3 and x4 given in part 5c, calculate 2-step-ahead forecast. State the numerical result to 4 decimal places. [5 marks] [Total: 16 marks]
BCMB20005 Guidelines: The following information must be included in your report. Title Include a relevant, informative, yet concise title (do not include the subheading of 'title' before your title). Aim(s) Re-write the aim(s) in your own words (consider the results when writing the aims of the experiment) for Experiment 7. Materials and methods Outline the relevant techniques and provide a corresponding citation of the Lab Archives/Lab Manual protocol. Use text to describe the methods, key variables that can influence the experimental outcome, controls (where applicable) and sample differences (this may include: (wavelengths, concentration ranges, reagent final concentrations, standard curve range, specific equipment, diluents & reagent blank, enzyme concentrations etc). Where appropriate, use tables to describe the composition of samples (with the exception of the Lowry method where you should use text to describe your samples, similar to the approach used in Experiment 5’s report), being sure to refer to final concentration of reagents where appropriate (as learned in tutorials). Buffer composition for IEX, vapour diffusion method and lysozyme activity assay are integral to the outcome of the experiment and therefore should be clearly defined in your method. Any tables included should be re-labelled/numbered to suit your report. Results - Figures, Tables & Calculations Include the following results in the results section and remember to use concise introductory and linking text to provide flow to your results section. Note, students can present the order of results as they deem appropriate as long as it is logical. Appropriately labelled & captioned figures · Crystallisation of lysozyme (you are permitted to include up to 4 images of your selected panel or a minimum of 1 image) · SDS-PAGE gel (including sample layout, identification of molecular weight standard sizes, and positions of key proteins in egg white) · Graphs of assays of lysozyme activity for fractions A–E (including clearly labelled tangents) · Standard curve for the estimation of protein concentration Tables (including an appropriate table heading located in accordance with standard conventions for scientific writing) · A table combining: Absorbance and protein amount data from the Lowry assay for the purification fractions; alongside description and volumes of each purification fraction · Purification table including the following parameters calculated for each FRACTION (where applicable) total protein amount and concentration, total units of enzyme activity, specific activity, yield and purification factor · Table of crystallisation results. Students can include any three of the following descriptions: number of crystals, sizes, spatial distribution of the crystals within the droplet, and/or colour intensity. Calculations - PLEASE TYPE YOUR CALCULATIONS (updated 23/5 9am). 1. Include calculations for lysozyme activity assay for each relevant tangent (A-E) 2. Include the full workings of the calculations for the purification table using Fraction E as an example. Include: total protein concentration (in mg mL-1), total protein (mg), specific activity, yield, purification factor. Note: Students must complete calculations for all fractions (with final values for each fraction presented in the purification table) but can simply present the full working-out for Fraction E calculations. Discussion (Word limit: 800 words) Consider the results of the three weeks of Experiment 7 and use the discussion points below to frame. your discussion. The discussion section should be presented as prose, not as distinct answers to the questions contained within the discussion points. DO NOT present your discussion section in bullet points. The Discussion section must tie together the three weeks of results and must address: 1. How lysozyme was isolated, including the purpose of Buffer 2 compared to Buffer 1 in the context of ion-exchange purification. 2. How increasing the buffer pH from 9.0 to 10.4 and increasing ionic strength assists in the elution of lysozyme from the CM-Sepharose (recall that Buffer 2 was used to elute the proteins bound to CM-Sepharose-pellet) Hint: Recall and refer to fractional charge from Day 1 questions and calculate concentration of Na+ ions in buffer 1 and 2. 3. Correlation of the data generated from the three-week experiment (including SDS-PAGE, crystal results, activity data, etc) to discuss the efficacy of the purification process (in relation to yield and fold-purification). 4. Discussion of two possible methods that could be introduced and how they could be used to improve the purification of lysozyme. Hint: Consider SDS-PAGE results and think about the characteristics of any contaminating proteins. 5. A comparison of the crystallization results obtained for commercially purified lysozyme and your purified lysozyme, including discussion of the purpose of Buffer A and Buffer B in the preparation of the lysozyme crystals. Hints: Consider if crystals formed from both the commercial lysozyme and fraction E? If not, propose reasons why not? Did the concentration of protein affect the results of crystallization (number and/or size of crystals)? Relate your outcome to your actual results of protein concentration. Note: Always refer to the corresponding figure/graph number when discussing specific results. Conclusion Provide a concise conclusion for Experiment 7 with reference to the aims, using supporting statements of evidence.
1-D Advection, Diffusion and Reaction Modeling Project Part 1. Forward Time Centered Space (2nd Order) Finite Difference Due 24 April 2025 1. Diffusion Equation Solution. Write a FTCS model, with a domain length of 4m and a total run time of at least 400 s. Take the diffusion coefficient to be 10-3 m2/s. Choose an appropriate space (e.g. 1 cm) and time discretization. a. Simulate the evolution of an initial Gaussian plume centered in the domain, with peak concentration 10 [mg/l], and a length scale (σ ) of 0.2m. Use Dirichlet boundary conditions (C=0) and solve for the plume dynamics through space and time. i. Plot C(X) at t=0, 100s, 200s, 300s, and 400s. ii. Compare the plots above to an appropriate analytical model and discuss how well the numerical modeling is doing. iii. Compute the diffusive flux and plot it vs X for t=0, 100s, 200s, 300s, and 400s. Comment. iv. Compute the total mass in the domain and graph as a function of time. Discuss. Try to run for a longer period of time, graph again and discuss. b. Do as in 1a, but for IC of C(X,t=0)=0; BC of C(X=Left,t)= a specified flux of 0.01 mg/cm2/s, and C(X=Right,t)= 10mg/l. i-iv. Construct analogous graphs as above and discuss 2. Advection-Diffusion Solution. Write a FTCS model, with a domain length of 6m and a total run time of at least 400 s. Take the diffusion coefficient to be 10-3 m2/s and the advective velocity to be 0.01 m/s. Choose an appropriate space (e.g. 1 cm) and time discretization. a. Simulate the evolution of an initial Gaussian plume centered in the domain, with peak concentration 10 [mg/l], and a length scale of 0.2m. Use Dirichlet boundary conditions (C=0) and solve for the plume dynamics through space and time. i. Plot C(X) at t=0, 100s, 200s, 300s, and 400s. ii. Compare the plots above to an appropriate analytical model and discuss how well the numerical modeling is doing. iii. Compute the total flux and plot it vs X for t= at t=0, 100s, 200s, 300s, and 400s. Comment on advective vs diffusive parts. iv. Compute the total mass in the domain and graph as a function of time. Discuss. Try to run for a longer period of time, graph and discuss. b. Do as in 2a, but for IC of C(X, t=0)=0, and BC of C(X=Left, t)=10mg/l; C(X=Right, t)=0. i-iv. Construct analogous graphs as above and discuss c. Do as in 2b, but change left BC to a specified flux at the left boundary of 0.01 mg/l i. Plot C(X) at t=0, 100s, 200s, 300s, and 400s. ii. Plot C(left, t) for all time 3. Advection-Diffusion-Reaction Solution. Write a FTCS model, with a domain length of 6m and a total run time of at least 400 s. Take the diffusion coefficient to be 10-3 m2/s, the advective velocity to be 0.01 m/s, and the (sink) reaction constant to be k = - 0.003 [s-1]. Choose an appropriate space (e.g. 1 cm) and time discretization. a. Simulate the evolution of an initial Gaussian plume centered in the domain, with peak concentration 10 [mg/l], and a length scale of 0.2m. Use Dirichlet boundary conditions (C=0) and solve for the plume dynamics through space and time. i. Plot C(X) at t=0, 100s, 200s, 300s, and 400s. ii. Compare the plots above to an appropriate analytical model and discuss how well the numerical modeling is doing. iii. Compute the total flux and plot it vs X for t= at t=0, 100s, 200s, 300s, and 400s. Comment on advective vs diffusive parts. iv. Compute the total mass in the domain and graph as a function of time. Discuss. Try to run for a longer period of time, graph looks and discuss. b. Do as in 3a, but for IC of C(X, t=0)=0, and BC of C(X=Left, t)=10mg/l; C(X=Right, t)=0. i-iv. Construct analogous graphs as above and discuss, including comparison to no reaction case. c. Do as in 3b, but change left BC to a specified flux at the left boundary of 0.01 mg/l i. Plot C(X) at t=0, 100s, 200s, 300s, and 400s. ii. Compare to case with no reaction Part 2 1-D Advection, Diffusion and Reaction Modeling Project Part 2. Crank-Nicholson (2nd Order) Finite Difference Due at end of semester 1. Perform. the same set of BC and IC runs as in part 1 of this project. 2. Experiment with the effect of time step on the solutions. 3. Compare this CN solution to the FTCS solution along side analytical results and comment on the findings.
ELEC ENG 3088/7088 Computer Architecture Assignment — RISC-V RV64I ISS — Stage 1 Your task for this assignment is to develop an instruction set simulator (ISS) for the RV64I subset of the RISC V instruction set. An instruction setsimulator is a program used by computer architectsto simulate execution of a computer’s instructions. It contains representations of the computer’s memory and the internal registers of the CPU. It respondsto commandsthat specify initialisation and inspection of the memories and registers, and control execution of instructions. The RISC-V instruction set is described in “The RISC-V Instruction Set Manual, Volume I: Unprivileged Architecture”,available on the course web site. The RV64I subset is described in Chapter 4 of the Instruction Set Manual, building on the RV32I subset described in Chapter 2. The instruction encoding is summarised in Chapter 24. For this assignment, you should implement just the RV64I base integer instruction set, with the following exceptions: • FENCE: This instruction should be decoded as a legal instruction but perform. no operation. • ECALL, EBREAK: These instructions should be decoded as legal instructions, but a message should be displayed indicating they are unimplemented. For load and store instructions, you can assume that the effective address is properly aligned. Do not implement mis- aligned loads or stores. For any fetched instruction word that does not represent an RV64I instruction, a message should be displayed indicating the instruction is illegal. In Stage 2, you will implement exception handling, which will be used for illegal instructions. We have provided a skeleton program on the course web site for you to use as a starting point. The program is written in C++ and is provided via GitHub. The skeleton program implements processing of command-line options and input commands. Yourtask isto implement classestomodelthe processor andmemory. Head- er files are provided showing the member functions required. You can add additional classes if you need to. The only command-line option you need to implement at this stage is the -v option to enable verbose output. If the -v option is specified on the command line, your program can display debugging information. If the option is omitted, your program should display only the output required for each command. Your program must format that output exactly as specified below, since the assessment process will compare you output with expectedoutput. The rv64sim program reads commands from the standard input stream, one command per line. The commands are listed in Table 1. Each command may be followed by a comment, starting with the ‘#’ character and extending to the end of the line. Blank lines are permitted, as are lines containing only a comment. The initial value of all processor general purpose registers should be 0, and the initial value of the PC should also be 0. The memory should appear to have all locations initialized to 0. Your program should count the number of instructions executed. This will be reported on completion of execution. During simulated execution, you should count the number of simulated clock cycles, in addition to the number of instructions executed. You should use the following cycle counts for various instruction types: • Conditional branch instruction: 2 cycles if the branch is taken, or 1 cycle if the branch is nottaken. • Unconditional branch instruction: 2 cycles. • Load instruction: 3 cycles. • Store instruction: 2 cycles. • All other instructions: 1 cycle. Table 1 rv64sim commands Command Operation performed xn Show the content of register xn in hex (n is register number, from 0 to 31). The value is displayed as 16 hex digits with leading 0s. xn = value Set register xn to value (value in hex). pc Show content of PC register in hex. The value is displayed as 16 hex digits with leading 0s. pc = address Set PC register to address (address in hex). m address Show the content of memory doubleword at address (address in hex, rv64sim rounds it down to nearest doubleword-aligned address). The value is displayed as 16 hex digits with leading 0s. m address = value Set memory doubleword at address to value (address in hex, rv64sim rounds it down to nearest doubleword-aligned address; value in hex). l "filename" Load memory from Intel hex format file named filename. If the file includes a start address record, the PC is set to the start address. . Execute one instruction. . n Execute n instructions. b address Set an execution breakpoint at address. If the simulator is executing multiple instructions (. n command), it stops when the PC reaches address without executing that instruction. There is only one execution breakpoint; using the b command with a different address removes any previously set breakpoint. b Clear the breakpoint. On completion of a simulation, if the -c option is specified on the command line, your program will report the total number of simulated clock cycles taken. You can test your ISS by using the “m” command to set memory locations to the encoded value of RISC-V instructions, using the “pc” command to set the PC to the start of the code, then using the “.” command to execute the code. Alternatively, you can use the RISC-V GNU Compiler Toolchain (C compiler, assembler, linker, binutils; available at https://github.com/riscv/riscv-gnu-toolchain) to generate hex files to load into memory. We will use both of these processes when we assess your ISS. Performance of an ISS program is important. Computer architects typically use them to develop code for embedded system, so they must be able to execute 100s of thousands of instructions per second. You should design your ISS with performance in mind. The skeleton program provided uses the native integer data types uint32_t and uint64_t to represent instructions and data, rather than using a dynamically allocated class-typed object orstring. When you implement the memory, you should not attempt to represent it using a large array of words. Since addresses are 64 bits, that would imply an array of 264 bytes. Instead, consider a representation that allocates blocks of memory on demand (that is, on the first read or write to an address within a block). Please keep an eye on the Assignment forum on the course web site. There will no doubt be questions of clarification of requirements arising that we will answer there. We will also announce incremental releases of a test suite that you should use to test your program. For the submission deadline, please refer to the course page on MyUni. There are two stages for the Assignment worth 20% of the course. Postgraduate students will have additional requirements in Stage 2.
SMM092: Modelling Practice (CP2) Assessment 1 (March 2024) Time allowed: 3 hours Background The University of the Humanities of Actuaria (UHA) offers three-year undergraduate degree programmes starting in September every year. One of the degrees courses on offer is the BA in Politics. Students wishing to be admitted to the BA in Politics must apply directly to UHA unless they are studying on a recognised Foundation Year programme, in which case their application is submitted along with those of all the other students in their cohort in a single batch. The University has had problems in the past when the lecture theatres reserved for the new September intake have turned out to be either too big or too small. The dean of the school is asking your expert modelling services to improve its planning this year in order to avoid problems of this kind. Admission Routes There are two main admission routes possible for applicants to register to the course: • Direct applications to UHA: Direct applications to UHA for the next academic year are accepted starting from November of the current year until next August. During this open application period the record of the current total number of “live" applications is updated after each review by the admissions officer. All applications are considered to be live unless they have been withdrawn. • Indirect applications through Foundation Year Providers (FYP) : In addition to direct applications, the UHA receives applications from students on Foundation programmes. These applications are submitted in a block for all interested students in a given cohort by the foundation year provider (FYP) . Applications Data The Programme’s Admissions team was asked to look through the archives to work out how many of the applications received by a given date resulted in students being admitted to the programme the following September. The person delegated to this task is a new member of the team who was in charge of handling the admissions data. Making use of the admissions office entry logs, he has managed to compile the data on short notice for the past three application years 2020/21 to 2022/23 and for the current year 2023/24. Tables A1 to A4 contain the admissions officer (AO) records’ entry dates and the corresponding total live applications for all 4 years. Further, there are shown the current withdrawal rates , expressed as a percentage of the live applications at the previous entry date. Namely , the total number of applications at any given date is made up by the current live applications and the total number of previous withdrawals. The rate of withdrawals proved to be fairly random ranging between 0% to 4% . The AO has reviewed the applications once a week (sometimes even in the weekends) during the application period, which is made up by 38 weeks in total , starting from mid-November of each year. However, there’s roughly a 3-weeks break after week 5 for the holiday season and for the start of the new year (see Table 1) . In addition, he has provided Tables B1 to B3 that show, at five key stages of each year (i.e. at certain weeks) , the number of direct applications which had been received by that date , and also record how many of those applications resulted in the student being admitted to the BA in Politics in September. Further, he has supplied figures for the last three years for the three principal FYPs, which are the Foundation of Actuarian Education (FActEd), University Education For All (UEFA) and edYOUcate (edY) . This year a fourth FYP, International Educative Partners (IEP), has opened a branch in Actuaria and some applications have been received from them as well. Tables C1 to C3 indicate the number of students taking the Foundation Year who applied to UHA for the BA in Politics and the number who were admitted on to the degree. Table C4 shows the current number of applicants for the September 2024 entry. Overseas Course Promotion In an attempt to increase the number of applicants, the Course Director for the BA in Politics intends to embark on a course promotion programme to advertise the course to potential students from abroad. He has identified the opportunity to go on a tour in the target overseas countries in March 2024 , giving talks in schools and making presentations to larger groups of young people. The cost of the trip is estimated to be £ 10,000, charged to the programme budget. Students from these target overseas countries , who are admitted to the BA in Politics , pay fees of £ 15 ,000 per year. In line with past progression records , students from these countries are expected to have a 75% probability of passing the first year of the degree, and 85% of those who get through the first year are likely to go on to pass the second year and complete the third year as well (see Table 2) . Only 60% of the fees paid by first-year students are kept by the programme; this percentage is 70% and 80% for second- and third-year students , respectively (see Table 3) . Requirements 1. Read the background document, which describes the situation being modelled , and examine the corresponding Excel file that contains the raw data and the parameters relating to the calculations you will be asked to perform. 2. Construct a spreadsheet model which produces the following calculations and charts. You should ensure that your spreadsheet contains appropriate self-checks and that you conduct robust reasonableness tests where possible. iii. Apply the results from part ii. to the entire 38-week period in tables A1-A3 to estimate the weekly total number of applications by also allowing for the cumulative withdrawals. Finally, based on the first iv. The Head of Admissions believes that candidates who apply early in the applications process are more likely to be admitted than candidates who apply later on. Hence, based on the given past three years of conversions data (Tables B1-B3) and the total applicants from part iii. , estimate the probability of being admitted at each of the five key stages (i.e. weeks) of the application period. [3] v. Illustrate your findings in part iv. by means of a suitable graph. [2] vi. Predict how many direct applicants will be admitted to the BA in Politics at the five key stages of the admissions period in 2023/24 . [2] vii. Predict how many applicants who are currently on Foundation Year programmes will be admitted to the BA in Politics in September 2024. [2] viii. Produce suitable illustrations to show the trend in: (a) the total number of students admitted, [1] (b) the proportion of students admitted who have come through a Foundation Year programme. [2] ix. Assuming a discount rate of 6% per annum, calculate the net present value (NPV) to the programme of 1additional student admitted in 2024/25. [2] If 10% of the total student fees revenue (i.e. over the entire three-year term) of each extra student recruited is allocated to cover the cost of the trip , use the above NPV calculations to work out how many additional students the Course Director would have to recruit to make a profit on the recruitment tour. [2] Marks available for spreadsheet model and checks: Accurate completion of above modelling steps [30] Demonstration of good modelling technique and practice [7] Checks [8] [Sub total 45] Fill in the Audit Trail template worksheet (appended to the Excel data file) for your spreadsheet model which includes the following aspects: • task description and purpose of the model • data and assumptions used • methodology, i.e. description of how each calculation stage in the model has been produced • explanation of the checks performed You should ensure that your audit trail is suitable for both a senior actuary, who has been asked to approve your work, and a fellow student, who has been asked to peer review and correct your model, or to continue work on it, or to use it again for a similar purpose in the future. Marks available for audit trail: Audit approach Fellow student can review and check methods used in the model [8] Senior actuary can scrutinise and understand what has been done [8] Written in clear English [4] Written in a logical order [3] Audit content All steps clearly explained [7] Clear signposting throughout [5] Statement of assumptions made [5] All model steps accurately covered [15] [Sub total 55] [Total 100]
