This assignment has four parts. Please submit the answers for the assignment in a single pdf file called Assignment1.pdf. Part A) 20 Points Explain the use of the following docker commands. A1) build A2) run Part B) 30 Points Write a Dockerfile that will create a docker image (tagged my/python) using the most recent python image on “docker hub”. Please make sure that port 8080 is exposed and that a command line is available upon starting the image in a container.Part C) 20 Points Write the docker command that will start a container named python1 using the image tagged my/python (from part b). Ensure that the container has access to port 8080 and a folder on the host’s file system (you are free to select any folder you wish, e.g. demo/python).Part D) 30 Points Explain how a developer can use the container named python1 to develop and run a simple “hello world” python program.
(1) The time evolution of the vorticity ω(x, y, t) and the streamfunction ψ(x, y, t) are given by the governing equations: ωt + [ψ, ω] = ν∇2ψ (1) where [ψ, ω] = ψxωy − ψyωx and ∇2 = ∂ 2 x + ∂ 2 y . The streamfunction satisfies ∇2ψ = ω. (2)Boundary Conditions: Assume periodic boundary conditions for both the vorticity and the streamfunction. (a) Using the spdiags command, generate the three matrices A = ∂ 2 x + ∂ 2 y , B = ∂x and C = ∂y which take derivatives in two dimensions. Use the discretization of the domain and its transformation to a vector as in class.ANSWERS: With x, y ∈ [−10, 10], n = 8 save the matrices A, B and C as A1, A2 and A3 respectively.NOTE: You can’t write out sparse matrices to ASCII files so be sure to first make the matrices full, i.e. you can use A=full(A) in MATLAB and it will turn a sparse matrix into a full matrix. Centered Fourier Matrix center center 1 …. 5 …. …. 9 ….2 Permutation 3 4 16 13 14 15 12 2 8 4 1 12 Figure 1: Encryption of the Fourier matrix.(2) Fourier Transform (FFT) of an image is sometimes used for image encryption. The idea for the encryption is to divide the image in Fourier space into blocks. Permuting the blocks and applying the inverse FFT will result in a scrambled image instead of the original one. The image can be decrypted with the inverse permutation (key).The motivation for the encryption is based on the fact that guessing the permutation takes a long time, since each guess involves an inverse FFT operation. Most images include low frequency components so it is enough to choose squared blocks in the center of the (centered) Fourier matrix of the image and permute them as shown in Fig. 1.(a) Write a decryption algorithm that gets as an input a (centered) Fourier matrix 400 × 400 and an inverse permutation vector that specifies how 16 blocks of 20 × 20 should be permuted back to their original placement.The algorithm will permute the blocks, shift the Fourier matrix from the center to the corners and perform inverse FFT to recover the image. Load the Fourier matrix and the permutation vector from the files Fmat.mat and permvec.mat. Do not turn in these files to gradescope and do not assume that on gradescope the matrix/vector will have the same elements, thereby plan your algorithm to be general.ANSWERS: Save the absolute values of the decrypted (centered) Fourier matrix as A4 and the reconstructed image matrix (absolute value without uint8) as A5.NOTE: To plot the image matrix (for checking how your decryption works) use the set(gcf,’colormap’,gray);imagesc(…); or imshow commands. For the plotting, don’t forget to take absolute values of the reconstructed image and to use uint8. The ind2sub command can be useful for indexing.
The probability density evolution in a one-dimensional harmonic trapping potential is governed by the partial differential equation: i~ψt + ~ 2 2m ψxx − V (x)ψ = 0, (1) where ψ is the probability density and V (x) = kx2/2 is the harmonic confining potential. A typical solution technique for this problem is to assume a solution of the form ψ(x, t) = X N n=1 anφn(x) exp −i En 2~ t , (2) and is called an eigenfunction expansion solution (φn=eigenfunction, En > 0=eigenvalue). Pluggingin this ansatz into Eq. (1) gives the boundary value problem d 2φn dx2 − [Kx2 − εn]φn = 0 (3) where we expect the solution φn(x) → 0 as x → ± ∞ and εn > 0 is the quantum energy. Note that K = km/~ 2 and εn = Enm/~ 2 . In what follows, take K = 1 and always normalize so that R ∞ −∞ |φn| 2dx = 1.Calculate the first five normalized eigenfunctions (φn) and eigenvalues (εn) (up to tolerance of 10−4 ) in increasing order such that the first eigenvalue is the lowest one using a shooting scheme. For this calculation, use x ∈ [−L, L] with L = 4 and choose xspan = −L : 0.1 : L. Save the absolute value of the eigenfunctions in column vectors (vector 1 is φ1, vector 2 is φ2 and so on) and the eigenvalues in a separate 5×1 vector.Hint: Derive the boundary conditions at ±L as if these are the infinite boundaries, i.e. replacing x = ±∞ with x = ±L and performing the derivation that we did in class. Start with initial guess for the solution at x = −L as y(−L) = 1.ANSWERS: Should be saved as A1–A5 for the eigenfunctions and A6 for the eigenvalues.(2) Calculate the first five normalized eigenfunctions (φn) and eigenvalues (εn) in increasing order such that the first eigenvalue is the lowest one using the direct method. For this calculation, use x ∈ [−L, L] with L = 4 and choose xspan = −L : 0.1 : L. Save the absolute value of the eigenfunctions in column vectors (vector 1 is φ1, vector 2 is φ2 and so on) and the eigenvalues in a separate 5×1 vector.Hint 1: Formulate the harmonic oscillator problem as a differential e. value problem, i.e., − d 2 dx2 + Kx2 φn = εnφn (4) 1 and discretize it using 2nd order central difference for interior points (without first and last points) to receive an e. value problem Aφ~ n = εnφ~ n where φ~ n = [φn(x2), …, φ(xN−1)]. Such problems can be solved in MATLAB using the eig command.Hint 2: Use a bootstrap approach to determine the boundary equations: To construct the matrix A use the derived boundary conditions (from question 1) and approximate the first and last points using 2nd order forward or backward difference and assume that ∆x is small such that ∆x √ KL2 − εn ≈ 0. After you found the values of φn in the interior do not forget to compute the first and last points (φn(x1) and φn(xN )) using full forward or backward-difference approximation (without assuming ∆x √ KL2 − εn ≈ 0).Be sure to save the eigenvectors including the first and last points, i.e., φ~ n = [φn(x1) φn(x2) , …, φ(xN−1) φn(xN )].ANSWERS: Should be saved as A7–A11 for the eigenfunctions and A12 for the eigenvalues. (3) There has been suggestions that in some cases, nonlinearity plays a role such that d 2φn dx2 − [γ|φn| 2 + Kx2 − εn]φn = 0 (5)Depending upon the sign of γ, the probability density is focused or defocused. Find the first two normalized modes for γ = ±0.05 using shooting. For this calculation, use x ∈ [−L, L] with L = 2 and choose xspan = −L : 0.1 : L. Save the absolute value of the eigenfunctions in column vectors (vector 1 is φ1, vector 2 is φ2) and the eigenvalues in a separate 2×1 vector.ANSWERS: For γ = 0.05, should be written out as A13-A14 (eigenfunctions) and A15 (eigenvalues). For γ = -0.05, should be written out as A16-A17 (eigenfunctions) and A18 (eigenvalues).Notes: Use 10−4 for the tolerance in shooting methods.
1. Consider the ODE dy(t) dt = −3y(t) sin t, y(t = 0) = π √ 2 , which has the exact solution y(t) = πe3(cos t−1)/ √ 2 (you can verify that). Implement the methods forward Euler and Heun’s for this ODE to test the error as a function of ∆t . In particular:(a) Solve the ODE numerically using the forward Euler method: y(tn+1) = y(tn) + ∆tf(tn, y(tn)) with t = [0 : ∆t : 5], where ∆t = 2−2 , 2 −3 , 2 −4 , . . . , 2 −8 .For each of these ∆t values calculate the error E = mean(abs(ytrue −ynum)) of the numerical method. Plot log(∆t) on the x axis and log(E) on the y axis. Using polyfit, find the slope of the best fit line through this data. This is the order of the forward Euler method.ANSWER: Save your last numerical solution (∆t = 2−8 ) as a column vector in A1. Save the error values in a row vector with seven components in A2. Save the slope of the line in A3.(b) Solve the ODE numerically using Heun’s method: y(tn+1) = y(tn) + ∆t 2 [f(tn, y(tn)) + f(tn + ∆t, y(tn) + ∆tf(tn, y(tn)))] with t = [0 : ∆t : 5], where ∆t = 2−2 , 2 −3 , 2 −4 , . . . , 2 −8 .For each of these ∆t values, calculate the error E = mean(abs(ytrue − ynum)) of the numerical method. Plot log(∆t) on the x axis and log(E) on the y axis. Using polyfit, find the slope of the best fit line through this data. This is the order of the Heun’s method.ANSWER: Save your last numerical solution (∆t = 2−8 ) as a column vector in A4. Save the error values in a row vector with seven components in A5. Save the slope of the line in A6.2. Consider the van der Pol oscillator d 2y(t) dt2 + ǫ[y 2 (t) − 1]dy(t) dt + y(t) = 0 with ǫ being a parameter.(a) With ǫ = 0.1, solve the equation for t = [0 : 0.5 : 32] using ode45. The initial conditions are y(t = 0) = √ 3 and dy(t = 0)/dt = 1. Repeat this for ǫ = 1 and ǫ = 20.ANSWER: Save the solutions y(t) for different ǫ as a matrix of 3 columns in A7.(b) Using the time span t = [0, 32] (the step size for displaying the result is not specified), solve the van der Pol’s equation with ode45. Use ǫ = 1 and the initial conditions y(t = 0) = 2 and 1 dy(t = 0)/dt = π 2 .Below is an example on how to control the error tolerance TOL in ode45: TOL = 1e-4; options = odeset(‘AbsTol’,TOL,‘RelTol’,TOL); [T,Y] = ode45(‘rhs’,tspan,y0,options);Using the diff and mean commands on the vector T shown above, calculate the average stepsize t needed to solve the problem for each of the following tolerance values: 10−4 , 10−5 , . . . , 10−10 . Plot log(∆t) on the x axis and log(TOL) on the y axis. Using polyfit, find the slope of the best fit line through this data. This is the order of the local truncation error of ode45. Repeat this with ode23 and ode113.ANSWER: The slopes should be saved in variables A8 – A10 for ode45, ode23, and ode113 respectively.3. To explore interaction between neurons, implement two Fitzhugh neurons coupled via linear coupling: dv1 dt = −v 3 1 + (1 + a1)v 2 1 − a1v1 − w1 + I + d12v2 dw1 dt = bv1 − cw1 dv2 dt = −v 3 2 + (1 + a2)v 2 2 − a2v2 − w2 + I + d21v1 dw2 dt = bv2 − cw2 with parameters a1 = 0.05, a2 = 0.25 , b = c = 0.01 and, I = 0.1. Start the simulations with the initial condition of (v1(0), v2(0)) = (0.1, 0.1) and (w1(0), w2(0)) = (0, 0) and use the ode15s solver.Set the interaction parameters such that d12 is negative and d21 is positive. What do you observe from the different graphical representations of the solutions? ANSWERS: Set the interaction parameters to 5 different values (d12, d21): (0,0), (0,0.2), (-0.1,0.2), (-0.3,0.2), (-0.5,0.2).For each interaction value solve the system for t = [0 : 0.5 : 100] and save the computed solution, (v1, v2, w1, w2), in a 201 × 4 matrix. Write out the 5 different solutions, each of which corresponds to an interaction parameter, in A11 – A15.
UNSW Business SchoolSchool of Accounting, Auditing & TaxationACCT2542 Topic 1 Tutorial QuestionThis week’s topic: Tax effect accountingFor the financial year ending 30 June 20X6, Taxalot Ltd reported a before-tax operating profit of$720,000 in its Income Statement.Extracts of items included in the income statement:Entertainment expense 20,000Goodwill impairment loss 50,000Bad debt expense $100,000Interest Revenue 150,000Depreciation on plant and equipment 200,000Gain on sale of plant and equipment 70,000Insurance expense 55,000Interest expense 220,000Rent revenue 55,000Long service leave expense 320,000The following information has been extracted from the current income tax working file of Taxalot Ltd:Depreciation on plant and equipment for tax using the diminishing value method $260,000Accumulated depreciation on plant and equipment for tax 2,000,000Accumulated depreciation on plant and equipment sold during the year 90,000Other information:The company tax rate is 30%.Land is accounted for on the fair value basis. During the year, Taxalot Ltd revalued land upwardsby $400,000. The revaluation increment was credited to an asset revaluation surplus. Plant and equipment is accounted for on the cost basis. To date, no write-downs to recoverableamount have been recorded for plant and equipment. During the year plant and equipment was sold for $210,000. At the date of sale, the asset had anoriginal cost of $200,000 and accumulated depreciation of $60,000. The deferred tax balances at 30 June 20X5 were as follows:Deferred tax asset $159,000Deferred tax liability $147,900Topic 1 – Tutorial Question UNSW Business Schoolbusiness.unsw.edu.auLast Updated 05/05/204 CRICOS Provider Code 00098GExtracts of Taxalot Ltd’s Balance Sheet for 20X5 and 20X6 are shown below.30 June 20X6$30 June 20X5$AssetsCash 400,000 320,000Accounts receivable 600,000 520,000Less: Allowance for doubtful debts (45,000) (40,000)Interest receivable 80,000 63,000Inventory 700,000 610,000Prepaid insurance 28,000 20,000Investment in debentures 1,800,000 1,800,000Land 4,200,000 3,100,000Plant and equipment 4,500,000 3,900,000Less: Accumulated depreciation (1,540,000) (1,400,000)Goodwill 250,000 250,000Less: Accumulated goodwill impairment loss (50,000)LiabilitiesTrade creditors 300,000 280,000Interest payable 80,000 65,000Rent received in advance 45,000 30,000Provision for long service leave 600,000 470,000Loan payable 1,110,000 1,200,000Shareholders’ EquityAsset revaluation surplus 400,000 NILRequired:a) Prepare a schedule to compute the current tax liability and prepare journal entries to recordthe current tax for the year ended 30 June 20X6.b) Complete the deferred tax worksheet shown at the end of this question (insert thecompleted worksheet into your solutions) and prepare journal entries to record deferredtaxes for the year ended 30 June 20X6. Show your workings.
553.420/620 Probability Assignment #01 Due FEB-02 by 11:59pm as a PDF upload to Canvas Gradescope. 1. A coin is flipped 10 times. (a) How many sequences are there total? (b) How many sequences start with a head? (c) How many sequences start and end with the same flip? (d) How many sequences have all of flips the same? (e) How many sequences have exactly one head in the first 3 flips? (f) How many sequences have exactly one head? (g) How many sequences have exactly one head in both the first 5 and last 5 flips? (h) How many sequences alternate in flips? (i) How many sequences have the first 5 flips all the same face and last 5 flips all the same face? (j) * How many sequences have less than 9 heads? (k) * How many sequences have at least one head and at least one tail? (l) ** How many sequences have exactly one run of exactly 4 heads? * better to think of the complement. ** little challenging. 2. Alfred picks shirts, shorts, and 2 shoes for his outfit. Alfred has 7 shirts, 6 shorts, and 4 pairs of shoes. The 7 shirts are the colors of the rainbow (Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet). The 6 shorts are all of the colors of the rainbow excluding violet. The 4 pairs of shoes are red, yellow, green, and blue. An outfit is a selection of shirt, shorts and 2 shoes. WARNING: There are 4 matching pairs of shoes, and 4 are left and 4 are right. A selection of shoes is a selection of 2 shoes from the 8 (not necessarily a match). (a) How many distinct outfits can Alfred make? No restrictions. Note: shoes don’t have to match. (b) How many distinct outfits can Alfred make having a matching pair of shoes? (c) How many distinct outfits can Alfred make having a left and right shoe? (d) How many ways can Alfred make an outfit if he wants to wear the same color on all of his pieces? (e) How many ways can Alfred make an outfit if he wants each of his pieces to be a different color? Assume he picks a pair of shoes. (f) How many outfits have his shirt blue? Assume a pair of shoes are taken. (g) How many outfits have his shirt blue? Assume that a left and right shoe are taken. (h) How many outfits where he doesn’t wear orange? Assume a pair of shoes are taken. (i) How many outfits where he doesn’t wear red? Assume a pair of shoes are taken. (j) How many outfits where he doesn’t wear red? Assume a left and right shoe are taken. (k) How many outfits have his shirt and shorts the same color? Assume a pair of shoes are taken. (l) How many outfits have exactly one garment of clothing orange? Assume a pair of shoes are taken. In this question, the pair of shoes will be considered as one garment of clothing. (m) How many outfits have exactly one garment of clothing red? Assume a pair of shoes are taken. In this question, the pair of shoes will be considered as one garment of clothing. (n) How many outfits have exactly one garment of clothing orange? Assume that a left and right shoe are taken out. In this question, each shoe is considered as one garment of clothing. (o) How many outfits have exactly one garment of clothing is red? Assume that a left and right shoe are taken out. In this question, each shoe is considered as one garment of clothing.
ECON6012/ECON2125: Semester Two, 2024 Tutorial 4 Tutorial Assignment 2 This assignment involves submitting answers for each of the tutorial ques- tions, but not for the additional practice questions, that are contained on the tutorial 4 questions sheet (this document). You should submit your answers on the Turnitin submissions link for Tutorial Assignment 2 that is available on the Wattle site for this course (under the “In-Semester Assess- ment Items” block) by no later than 08:00:00 am on Monday 19 August 2024. If you have trouble accessing the Wattle site for this course or the Turnitin submission link, please submit your assignment to the course email address (which is ECON6012@anu. edu. au if you area postgraduate student, and ECON2125@anu . edu . au if you are an undergraduate student). One of the tutorial questions will be selected for grading and your mark for this tu- torial assignment will be based on the quality and accuracy of your answer to that question. The identity of the question that is selected for grading will not be revealed to students until some point in time after the due date and time for submission of this assignment. A Note on Sources These questions and answers do not originate with me. They have either been influenced by, or directly drawn from, other sources. Key Concepts Vector Spaces, Linear Combinations, Linear Independence, Linear Depen- dence, Spanning Set, Basis for a Vector Space, Dimension of a Vector Space. Row-Space of a Matrix, Column-Space of a Matrix, Rank of a Matrix, Or- thogonality, Convex Combination, Convex Sets, Strictly Convex Sets. Tutorial Questions Tutorial Question 1 Find the rank of the following matrix. Be sure to justify your answer and show all associated working. Tutorial Question 2 Find the rank of the following matrix. Be sure to justify your answer and show all associated working. Tutorial Question 3 Find the rank of the following matrix. Be sure to justify your answer and show all associated working. Tutorial Question 4 Consider a consumer with preferences defined over the consumption set R2+ = {(x1, x2) : x1 ∈ [0, ∞), x2 ∈ [0, ∞)}. has preferences defined over the set of all bundles (combinations) of non- negative quantities of each of two commodities. Suppose that these prefer- ences can be represented by a utility function U : R −→ R of the form Perfect Substitutes: U(x1 , x2 ) = x1 + x2 . Complete the following exercises. 1. Find the equation that defines a representative indiference curve (that is, iso-utility curve) for this consumer, and illustrate that curve. Justify your answer. 2. In a new diagram, illustrate a representative weak preference set (that is, weak upper contour set for the utility function) for this consumer. Justify your answer. 3. The consumer’s preferences are said to convex if every weak prefer- ence set (that is, weak upper contour set for the utility function) is a convex set. Are the consumer’s preferences convex? Justify your answer. 4. The consumer’s preferences are said to convex if every weak prefer- ence set (that is, weak upper contour set for the utility function) is a strictly convex set. Are the consumer’s preferences strictly convex? Justify your answer. Tutorial Question 5 Consider a consumer with preferences defined over the consumption set R2+ = {(x1, x2) : x1 ∈ [0, ∞), x2 ∈ [0, ∞)} has preferences defined over the set of all bundles (combinations) of non- negative quantities of each of two commodities. Suppose that these prefer-ences can be represented by a utility function U : R −→ R of the form Leontief (Perfect Complements): U(x1 , x2 ) = min(x1 , x2 ) . Complete the following exercises. 1. Find the equation that defines a representative indiference curve (that is, iso-utility curve) for this consumer, and illustrate that curve. Justify your answer. 2. In a new diagram, illustrate a representative weak preference set (that is, weak upper contour set for the utility function) for this consumer. Justify your answer. 3. The consumer’s preferences are said to convex if every weak prefer- ence set (that is, weak upper contour set for the utility function) is a convex set. Are the consumer’s preferences convex? Justify your answer. 4. The consumer’s preferences are said to convex if every weak prefer- ence set (that is, weak upper contour set for the utility function) is a strictly convex set. Are the consumer’s preferences strictly convex? Justify your answer. Tutorial Question 6 Consider a consumer with preferences defined over the consumption set R2+ = {(x1, x2) : x1 ∈ [0, ∞), x2 ∈ [0, ∞)} has preferences defined over the set of all bundles (combinations) of non- negative quantities of each of two commodities. Suppose that these prefer- ences can be represented by a utility function U : R -→ R of the form. Scarf-Shapley-Shubik Special Case: U(x1 , x2 ) = max(min(x1, 2x2 ) , min(2x1 , x2 )) . Complete the following exercises. 1. Find the equation that defines a representative indiference curve (that is, iso-utility curve) for this consumer, and illustrate that curve. Justify your answer. 2. In a new diagram, illustrate a representative weak preference set (that is, weak upper contour set for the utility function) for this consumer. Justify your answer. 3. The consumer’s preferences are said to convex if every weak prefer- ence set (that is, weak upper contour set for the utility function) is a convex set. Are the consumer’s preferences convex? Justify your answer. 4. The consumer’s preferences are said to convex if every weak prefer- ence set (that is, weak upper contour set for the utility function) is a strictly convex set. Are the consumer’s preferences strictly convex? Justify your answer. Additional Practice Questions Additional Practice Question 1 Let V bean inner product space. Show that if u ∈ V is orthogonal to every v ∈ V (that is, if〈u, v〉= 0 for all v ∈ V), then u must be the null (zero) vector in V. Additional Practice Question 2 Let V bean inner product space. Show that if a vector u ∈ V is orthogonal to a vector v ∈ V (that is, if hu, v〉= 0), then every scalar multiple of the vector u is also orthogonal to the vector v. Additional Practice Question 3 Let V be Euclidean three-space and consider the vectors v1 = (1, 1, 2)T and v2 = (0, 1, 3)T . Find a vector w ∈ R3 that is orthogonal to both v1 and v2 . Additional Practice Question 4 Do the vectors v1 = (1, 2, 3)T , v2 = (4, 5, 12)T , and v3 = (0, 8, 0)T span R3 ? Justify your answer.
Web Scraping with Selenium Objective: The aim of this assignment is to help students understand the basics of web scraping with Selenium, a powerful tool for automating web browser interaction. Rules: This is an individual assignment. You are allowed to discuss problems and ideas within your group. However, please keep in mind that you are not allowed to share this assignment with other students from your Section or other Sections. Instructions: 1. Complete this course: https://www.linkedin.com/learning/selenium-essential-training 2. Install Selenium. Students should first install Selenium WebDriver for their preferred browser (e.g. Chrome). They can do this by following the instructions on the official Selenium website. 3. Choose a website to scrape according to your final project variant. Each team member must have a different website to scrape. 4. Task 1. Students should use Selenium to write a Java code that will scrape the chosen website. Your program should do the following: ✓ Open the website in a web browser using Selenium. ✓ Find and interact with various elements on the page (e.g., links, buttons, text boxes) using Selenium commands. ✓ Extract data from the page using Selenium commands, such as finding and storing text, images, or other content. ✓ Save the scraped data in a CSV file or other format of your choice. 5. Task 2. Students need to scrape multiple pages from the same website and combine the results. 6. Task 3. Students need to use advanced Selenium commands, such as waiting for elements to load or handling pop-up windows. References: 1. https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/en/ 2. https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/en/getting_started_with_webdriver/third_party_drivers_and_plugins/#java 3. https://www.tutorialspoint.com/java_xml/java_xpath_parse_document.htm https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/en/webdriver/browser_manipulation/#scraping (This link provides an example of how to use Selenium with Java to scrape data from a website. It covers topics such as finding elements on a page, extracting text from those elements, and saving the extracted data to a file). Submission requirements: 1. You will earn a maximum of 100 points (accounts for 5.25%) for successfully completing this assignment and submitting all the required files within the specified deadline. 2. You must submit: I. A LinkedIn certificate of course completion along with II and III. II. A report (in PDF or word), in which you provide the following elements: - Your task (Task 1…. Task 2… Task 3… please also provide some information about the website you selected in the report). - Explanations for the solution provided (explain how you solved each task). - Outputs (screenshots) with comments and explanations (each screenshot must be numbered (e.g. Fig 1. Displaying the initial web site) and explained what we can see in your screenshot). III. All Java source code files and classes (in both *.java and *.txt format) needed to run your programs. Your source code must be well-commented. Do not upload your source code to Brightspace as a single zip file. Such submissions will not be accepted. 3. Marks will be deducted if comments/explanations are missing. 4. This assignment is subject to a plagiarism check. The plagiarism check originality score must not exceed 50%. No points will be awarded for assignments submitted via email, Teams, or other platforms, for sending zip archives, or for failing to submit your code in *.txt files. 5. Assignment submission after the deadline will receive a penalty of 10% for the first 24 hrs, and so on, for up to three days. After three days, the mark will be zero. 6. Unlimited resubmissions are allowed. But keep in mind that we will consider the last submission. That means that if you resubmit after the deadline, a penalty will be applied, even if you submitted an earlier version on time.
Principles of Banking - N1577 Seminar 10 Bank Regulation Question 1. Simple Bank plc has the following balance sheet (bil pounds) Liabilities Assets Equity: 15 Cash: 2 Disclosed reserves: 2 OECD government bonds: 30 Subordinated debt: 5 Interbank loans: 20 Customer funding: 180 Mortgages: 50 Loan loss reserves: 3 Company loans: 103 TOTAL: 205 TOTAL 205 * All interbank loans are to banks located in OECD countries Assuming the Basel 1 Accord applies, what is the Basel 1 risk asset ratio? Question 2. Discuss the rationale for the regulation of banks. Question 3. The government safety net creates both an adverse selection problem and amoral hazard problem. Discuss. Question 4. Discuss the main limitations of banking regulation.
PMGT5205_2024S2 Professional Project Practice PART B: A2 - Team Report (20% of course assessment) 6. Project Network/ Schedule (10 Marks) Notwithstanding your team’s inexperience, work through the steps below and develop a reasonable schedule for the Pacificano Markets project with your adjusted/ improved WBS from above. a) Further decompose the lowest level work packages in your adjusted/improved WBS into activities to show at least 15 activities. b) Arrange the lowest level activities into a logical execution order and identify the type of dependencies between them in tabular format. c) Present your interim work as a network diagram (without any durations) illustrating only the different logical dependencies – show an example of the 3 common types of dependencies. d) Identify who might be best placed to provide that information or estimate for each activity. e) Describe methods you would use to obtain an estimate of time/effort required for each activity. f) From the above considerations, make an estimate (i.e. educated guess) for the durations of these activities and determine an overall project schedule needed to deliver the project described. g) Identify which “network path” might be expected to have the longest duration explaining your reasoning/ answer and explaining what it represents. 7. Estimate Project Budget (10 Marks) Similar to and (ideally) together with the above schedule development, use the same packages/ activities of your WBS developed above and work through the following steps: a) Make a reasoned estimate of the personnel, materials and equipment / facilities required for each work package. b) From the above considerations, provide an initial estimate of (i.e. educated guess) of the overall project budget needed to execute the project described. c) Explain any assumptions and briefly describe how you came to the estimate. d) Finally, make a judgement on the confidence you have on the estimate and what level of contingency (as a percentage) you would advise the project use. 8. Project Risks (10 Marks) a) Should it be approved, briefly describe how for the Pacificano Markets project team might go about identifying the major risks for this project and the process used to prioritise them and develop a response plan. b) Follow this process yourself to identify at least ten (10) of the most probable and/or highest impact project risks for the project, ensuring that you have at least one for each Level-3 work package (not including Project Management). c) Show the overall risk assessment using a Red-Amber-Green (RAG) rating based on the Risk Matrix shown here. d) Describe how these risks could potentially impact/ affect the project and explain how you might manage these risks with the appropriate risk treatment you would employ. e) Identify the Level-3 work package with the highest risk and briefly explain how you would report it to Pacificano Mayor and what support you would ask for. 9. Quality Management (10 Marks) For each Level-2 work package (not including Project Management) and based on your understanding of the scenario: a) Identify two (2) non-functional requirements (a total of at least 10 NFRs) which would need to be clarified with key stakeholders as part of the requirements process. b) Pick any three (3) work packages and briefly describe: • The appropriate acceptance criteria for each with the Quality Control activity that would ensure that the deliverables are of a suitable standard. • What Quality Assurance process might be applied earlier in the project to increase the confidence that the appropriate standards could be met? 10. Procurement (10 Marks) Pacificano has a wide bike path that connects key areas of the town and goes via the proposed market’s site. As the site is a little out of town and has no parking for visitors, the Mayor thinks it would be smart for the town to purchase a fleet of cargo/courier bikes for the community to use. These are not ordinary bicycles and need to bee-bikes to support Pacificano’s sustainability goals as well, as being able to comfortably carry the produce (estimated at up to 10kgs) that customers purchase from the market stalls. The project team is tasked with evaluating the different e-bikes that would suit Pacificano’s needs, and the Mayor has provided the following information to help you select the most suitable model: • The e-bike supplier should have a distributor and servicedepo in Australia • e-bike models should be compliant with Transport for NSW rules and regulations. • The e-bike model should be safe/suitable for commuting up to 4 kms. • The e-bikes should come with the necessary accessories (e.g. helmet, basket, etc.) and be included in the final costing. • The costing details should include ongoing maintenance costs. • The costing details should include provisions to maintain an ongoing inventory of 30 e-bikes, such as depreciation costs and replacement costs. With the above input from the Mayor: a) identify and prioritise the key requirements and selection criteria for the cleaning equipment. b) Undertake market research on suitable e-bikes for Pacificano’ needs. c) Rate the top 3 candidate e-bikes using a Weighted Decision Matrix d) Provide your recommendations for a Gold, Silver or Bronze solution. e) Justify your team’s recommended e-bike(s) selection and identify nextsteps in the procurement process.
EA50JG Offshore Structural Design – Jacket Platforms 5 Actions 5.1 Introduction This section describes the loads and design situations that must be considered in the design of jackets. The design situations that must be considered depend on the code of practice adopted. 5.2 ASD vs. LRFD Jackets can either be designed to allowable stress design (ASD) or load and resistance factor design (LRFD) codes of practice. The difference between the two methods is the manner in which the relationship between applied loads and member capacities are handled. LRFD codes accounts separately for the predictability of applied loads through the use of load factors applied to the required strength side of the limit state inequalities and for material and construction variability through resistance factors on the nominal strength side of the limit state inequality. ASD combines the two factors into a single factor of safety. By breaking the factor of safety apart into the independent load and resistance factors (as done in the LRFD approach) a more consistent effective factor of safety is obtained and can result in safer and lighter structures, depending on the predictability of the load types being used. The following discusses both ASD and LRFD methodologies, however it is important to remain consistent within a given design to ensure that the code implicit reliability is achieved. 5.2.1 ASD Historically API RP2A WSD [1] has been the dominant design code for offshore structures and is by far the most commonly adopted allowable stress code. In an allowable stress check the loads remain unfactored and a factor of safety is applied to the characteristic resistance to obtain an allowable resistance. 5.2.2 LRFD In LRFD design, partial factors are applied to the loads and to the characteristic resistance of the element, reflecting the amount of confidence placed in the design value of each parameter and the degree of risk accepted under a limit state. The magnitude of the load factor represents the uncertainty in the load under consideration. Partial resistance factors are applied to member and joint resistances. In ISO 19902 [2], different partial resistance factors are used for steel in tension (1,05), compression (1,18), bending (1,05) and shear (1,05). For design to NORSOK N-003 [3] all partial resistance factors are taken as 1.15. Different limit states are considered including: Ultimate Limit State (ULS): corresponds to an ultimate event considering the structural resistance with appropriate reserve. Fatigue Limit State (FLS): relates to the possibility of failure under cyclic loading. Progressive Collapse Limit State (PLS): reflects the ability of the structure to resist collapse under accidental or abnormal conditions. In the ISO terminology this is referred to as Accidental Limit State (ALS). Service Limit State (SLS): corresponds to criteria for normal use or durability (often specified by the plant operator). Different types of actions for design of jackets and their corresponding ASD and LRFD are described in the following sections. 5.3 Functional Loads Unlike onshore structures, functional loads on an offshore platform are very well defined owing to the rigorous approach adopted to weight control. This is essential when the majority of structures are lifted into place by large offshore cranes and lift weight must be known to within 2% accuracy by the installation contractor prior to lift. Methods used to predict these functional loads have changed little over the years but, with the continuing trend to reduce weight, it can be expected that rigorous control of functional loads will continue. The large topside weights of 30,000 Te installed on first generation jackets are now the exception rather than the rule and the general trend is for smaller topside facilities with resultant lower jacket weight to take advantage of a lift-installed jacket instead of a heavier and more expensive launched jacket. 5.3.1 Permanent (Dead) Loads Permanent actions are actions that will not vary in magnitude, position or direction during the time period considered. Dead loads are loads resulting from the weight of the platform structure, any permanent equipment and appurtenance structures which do not change with the mode of operation. Dead loads include the following: ● Weight of the structure in air, including the weight of grout and ballast, if necessary. ● Weights of equipment, attachments or associated structures which are permanently mounted on the platform. ● Hydrostatic forces on the various members below the waterline. These forces include buoyancy and hydrostatic pressures. Sealed tubular members must be designed for the worst condition when flooded or non-flooded. In addition to dead loads, permanent loads includes loads imposed by self-weight of equipment and other objects that remain constant for long periods of time, but which can change from one mode of operation to another or change during a mode of operation as permanent loads. This includes: ● Weight of drilling and production equipment that can be added to or removed from the structure; ● Weight of living quarters, heliport and other life-support equipment, diving equipment, and utilities equipment, which can be added to or removed from the structure. Dead or permanent loads are also commonly referred to as dry loads. 5.3.2 Variable (Operating or Live) Loads Variable actions originate from normal operation of the structure and vary in position magnitude and direction during the period considered. Variable loads include: ● Weight of consumables, supplies and liquids in storage tanks; ● Forces exerted from operations such as drilling, material handling; ● Vessel mooring and helicopter landing; ● Loads on storage/laydown areas; ● Weight of marine growth; ● Ice and snow Loads. ● Forces due to deck crane usage. Variable loads are also commonly referred to a live loads or operating loads. 5.4 Fabrication and installation loads These loads are temporary and arise during fabrication and installation of the platform or its components. During fabrication, erection lifts of various structural components generate lifting forces, while in the installation phase forces are generated during platform loadout, transportation to the site, launching and upending, as well as during lifts related to installation. For fabrication and installation conditions each member, joint and other relevant component shall be checked for strength using the internal force: Fd = GT + QT + T Where: GT is the action imposed either by the weight of the structure in air, or by the submerged weight of the structure in water, during the transient situation being considered, including any permanent equipment or other objects and any piles or conductors installed on the structure, as well as any ballast installed in or carried by the structure; QT is the action imposed by the weight of the temporary equipment or other objects, including any rigging installed or carried by the structure, during the transient situation being considered; T represents the actions from the transient situation being considered, including: ● when appropriate, environmental actions; ● when appropriate, a suitable representation of dynamic effects; ● for lifting, the effects of fabrication tolerances and variances in sling length; ● for loadout, allowances for misalignment; ● for transportation, any hydrostatic and hydrodynamic actions on the structure, including any inertial actions resulting from accelerations of the structure ● for installation, the lifting actions and hydrostatic pressure actions on the structure. 5.4.1 LRFD For LRFD partial factors must be applied to GT, QT and T. For ISO 19902 the load combinations to be considered and appropriate partial factors are given in Table 5.1. Table 5.1 ISO Partial Load Factors for transient situations [2] 5.4.2 ASD When considering transportation and launch with environmental actions, API RP2A allows for the basic allowable stresses for member design may be increased by 1/3. This increase in allowable stress cannot be used for lift, fabrication or loadout and cannot be used for cases without environmental loading. 5.4.3 Fabrication Fabrication forces are those forces imposed upon individual members, component parts of the structure, or complete units during the unloading, handling and assembly in the fabrication yard (Figure 5.1). Jacket structures, particularly large or slender structures, or those with particularly slender structural components, should be reviewed to determine whether analysis for fabrication is required. Where such analysis is undertaken, consideration shall be given to the sequence and to the completeness of fabrication (e.g. whether welding has been completed at particular joints) in determining action effects. Specific consideration shall also be given to the stability and strength of structural components during fabrication and to the need for any temporary supports or strengthening. Adequate support for equipment subjected to temporary actions, such as for crane footings, should be demonstrated. In addition to the associated permanent and variable actions, the effects of wind-induced vortex shedding vibrations on long slender members during fabrication should be considered. Figure 5.1 Jacket during erection 5.4.4 Lift Lifting forces are imposed on the structure by erection lifts during the fabrication and installation stages of platform construction. The magnitude of such forces should be determined through the consideration of static and dynamic forces applied to the structure during lifting and from the action of the structure itself. Lifting forces are functions of the weight of the structural component being lifted, the number and location of lifting eyes used for the lift, the angle between each sling and the vertical axis and the conditions under which the lift is performed (see Figure 5.2). Figure 5.2 Lifts under various condition Lifting attachments can be of various forms, including the following: ● Padeyes, where a shackle pin passes through a hole in a padeye plate attached to or built into the structure, the sling being connected to the shackle. ● Trunnions, where the sling, or an eye of a sling, passes round a short tubular which transfers the forces into the structure, and which allows rotation of the sling around the axis of the trunnion. ● Padears, which are similar to trunnions, but in which rotation of the sling is not intended. All members and connections of a lifted component must be designed for the forces resulting from static equilibrium of the lifted weight and the sling tensions. Moreover, API-RP2A recommends that in order to compensate for any side movements, lifting eyes and the connections to the supporting structural members should be designed for the combined action of the static sling load and a horizontal force equal to 5% this load, applied perpendicular to the padeye at the centre of the pinhole. All these design forces are applied as static loads if the lifts are performed in the fabrication yard. If, however, the lifting derrick or the structure to be lifted is on a floating vessel, then dynamic load factors should be applied to the static lifting forces. In particular, for lifts made offshore API-RP2A recommends two minimum values of dynamic load factors: 2.0 and 1.35. The first is for designing the padeyes as well as all members and their end connections framing the joint where the padeye is attached, while the second is for all other members transmitting lifting forces. For loadout at sheltered locations, the corresponding minimum load factors for the two groups of structural components become, according to API-RP2A, 1.5 and 1.15, respectively. ISO 19902 recommend a dynamic load factor of 1.3 (1.1 if heavy lift by semi-submersible crane vessel is used) for offshore lifts and a factor of 1.1 for onshore lifts. For the design of lifting attachments and members connecting to the joint where the lifting attachments is attached this should be combined with a local factor of 1.25 for lift in open water and 1.15 for lift onshore or in sheltered waters. 5.4.5 Loadout Loadout forces are generated when the jacket is loaded from the fabrication yard onto the barge. If the loadout is carried out by direct lift, then, unless the lifting arrangement is different from that to be used for installation, lifting forces need not be computed, because lifting in the open sea creates a more severe loading condition which requires higher dynamic load factors. If loadout is done by skidding the structure onto the barge, a number of static loading conditions must be considered, with the jacket supported on its side. Such loading conditions arise from the different positions of the jacket during the loadout phases, (as shown in Figure 5.3), from movement of the barge due to tidal fluctuations, marine traffic or change ofdraft, and from possible support settlements. Since movement of the jacket is slow, all loading conditions can betaken as static. Figure 5.3 Various phases of jacket loadout by skidding Typical values of friction coefficients for calculation of skidding forces are the following: ● Steel on steel without lubrication: 0.25; ● Steel on steel with lubrication: 0.15; ● Steel on teflon: 0.10; ● Teflon on teflon: 0.08. 5.4.6 Transportation These forces are generated when platform components (jacket, deck) are transported offshore on barges or self-floating. They depend upon the weight, geometry and support conditions of the structure (by barge or by buoyancy) and also on the environmental conditions (waves, winds and currents) that are encountered during transportation. The types of motion that a floating structure may experience are shown schematically in Figure 5.4. Figure 5.4 Types of motion of a floating object In order to minimize the associated risks and secure safe transport from the fabrication yard to the platform site, it is important to plan the operation carefully by considering, according to API RP2A, the following: ● Previous experience along the tow route; ● Exposure time and reliability of predicted "weather windows"; ● Accessibility of safe havens; ● Seasonal weather system; ● Appropriate return period for determining design wind, wave and current conditions, taking into account characteristics of the tow such as size, structure, sensitivity and cost. Transportation forces are generated by the motion of the tow, i.e. the structure and supporting barge. They are determined from the design winds, waves and currents. If the structure is self-floating, the loads can be calculated directly. According to API RP2A, towing analyses must be based on the results of model basin tests or appropriate analytical methods and must consider wind and wave directions parallel, perpendicular and at 45° to the tow axis. Inertial loads may be computed from a rigid body analysis of the tow by combining roll and pitch with heave motions, when the size of the tow, magnitude of the sea state and experience make such assumptions reasonable. For open sea conditions, Table 5.2 gives typical design values. These criteria would typically be used with an assumed period of 10 s in order to calculate roll or pitch accelerations. Table 5.2 Typical transportation barge motion criteria [6] When transporting a large jacket by barge, stability against capsizing is a primary design consideration because of the high centre of gravity of the jacket. Moreover, the relative stiffness of jacket and barge may need to be taken into account together with the wave slamming forces that could result during a heavy roll motion of the tow (Figure 5.5) when structural analyses are carried out for designing the tie-down braces and the jacket members affected by the induced loads. Special computer programs are available to compute the transportation loads in the structure-barge system and the resulting stresses for any specified environmental condition. Figure 5.5 Schematic view of launch barge and jacket undergoing motion 5.4.7 Installation (launching and upending) These forces are generated during the launch of a jacket from the barge into the sea and during the subsequent upending into its proper vertical position to rest on the seabed. A schematic view of these operations can be seen in Figure 5.6. Figure 5.6 Launching and upending sequences of a platform jacket There are five stages in a launch-upending operation: a. Jacket slides along the skid beams b. Jacket rotates on the rocker arms c. Jacket rotates and slides simultaneously d. Jacket detaches completely and comes to its floating equilibrium position e. Jacket is upended by a combination of controlled flooding and simultaneous lifting by a derrick barge. The loads, static as well as dynamic, induced during each of these stages and the force required to set the jacket into motion can be evaluated by appropriate analyses, which also consider the action of wind, waves and currents expected during the operation. To start the launch, the barge must be ballasted to an appropriate draft and trim angle and subsequently the jacket must be pulled towards the stern by a winch. Sliding of the jacket starts as soon as the downward force (gravity component and winch pull) exceeds the friction force. As the jacket slides, its weight is supported on the two legs that are part of the launch trusses. The support length keeps decreasing and reaches a minimum, equal to the length of the rocker beams, when rotation starts. It is generally at this instant that the most severe launching forces develop as reactions to the weight of the jacket. During stages (d) and (e), variable hydrostatic forces arise which have to be considered at all members affected. Buoyancy calculations are required for every stage of the operation to ensure fully controlled, stable motion. Computer programs are available to perform the stress analyses required for launching and upending and also to portray the whole operation graphically.
553.420/620 Probability Assignment #02 Due FEB-09 by 11:59pm as a PDF upload to Canvas Gradescope. 1. (a) How many 3-digit integers can be formed using the digits 0 , 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, where each digit is used at most once. (b) How many of these 3-digit integers in part (a) are odd? (c) How many of these 3-digit integers in part (a) are (strictly) greater than 330? Remark: In part (a) the hundreds-digit cannot be 0 else you’d have a 2-digit integer. Be careful in parts (b) and (c), for example, in part (c) break the problem into two pieces: those integers that start with a 3 and those that don’t. 2. Consider the word PRESSURE (note there are two R’s, two E’s and 2 S’s in this word). (a) How many anagrams of this word are possible? (b) How many anagrams start and end with an S? (c) How many anagrams have no two E’s next to each other? Try to count this two distinct ways. 3. Consider the six (6) letters: a,b,c,d,e,f. Let m and k be integers that satisfy m ≥ 2 and 1 ≤ k ≤ 6. A game is played where m people are asked to select any k of these six. After a person selects they put the letters back for the next person. People do not see others’ selections. The experimenter observes the selections of each person. You may assume the selections are unordered. (a) How many possible sample points are there in this experiment? (b1) If m = 2 and k = 3, compute the probability that all selections are disjoint. (b2) If m = 2 and k = 3, compute the probability that there is a common element in all selections and no two selections have any other elements in common. (c1) Repeat (b1) using m = 3 and k = 2. (c2) Repeat (b2) using m = 3 and k = 2. 4. We have 16 m&m’s of which 4 are red, and the remaining 12 are non-red. Out of these 16 we are going to give 4 to each of 4 people. (a) What’s the probability that person 1 gets only red m&m’s (i.e., no other color)? (b) What’s the probability that each person ends up with exactly one red m&m? (c) What’s the probability that person 1 and 2 combined have a total of (exactly) 2 red m&m’s? 5. There are n = 30 chips numbered 1 through 30 in a hat. Each of k = 7 people reaches into the hat, draws a chip, and records the chip number. Then they return the chip to the hat for the next draw. Let A be the event that all k people record distinct numbers. (a) Determine the probability of A. Leave it as an expression involving the n and k in this problem – no need to reduce it yet. (b) Strictly speaking, Ac is the event that not all k people record distinct numbers. In the context of this problem that means that a chip that was selected was selected again by someone else, i.e., there is a repeated number in the list, equivalently, more than one person recorded the same number. The complementary rule of probability states P (Ac ) = 1 - P (A). I ask that you use a calculating device (computer, calculator, etc.) to estimate P (Ac ) to 6-digits beyond the decimal. FYI: This probability is a little shocking to me! Remark: When n = 365 and k is arbitrary, this is called The birthday problem: in a room with k = 23 people there is better than a 50% chance that there is a matching birthday, and when k = 41 there is better than a 90% chance. 6. Consider the resulting polynomial when (2a - b)30 is multiplied out. Without multiplying this thing out, determine the coefficient of the term a3 b27 and simplify it. Hint: (2a - b)30 = (x + y)30 with x = 2a and y = -b.
MENG 4019 - Practical 5 – 2022 Task: design and simulate the operation of a hydraulic curcuit. Activate the thermal option, monitor and control the thermal regime First, we build the conceptual circuit, introducing a few hydraulic resistances and different paths for the oil to flow: 1. Open Automation studio, select and insert the following components from the Hydraulic set of components. 2. Connect all elements as shown below and check all is connected correctly it works. We are interested in studying the thermal effects, so the circuit will not be set for other tasks: 3. To determine the thermal regime, we can use thermometers. An alternative is using the node Dynamic Measuring Instruments: 4. The usual linking of the thermometers does not work well: 5. From Simulation Options in the Simulation menu, Activate the Thermal Evolution in the Fluid Simulation tab 6. Set the thermometers to directly connect with the measuring points 7. Run the simulation We see that the thermal option works, the temperature increases. The max power for the default values (120 l/min = 0.002 m3/s, at 80 bar) means a heating power of 16 kW. 8. We can change the reservoir with a multi-port reservoir, to have a better control of the ports: 9. Running the simulation, we realise that something is not quite right. The temperature increases, then reaches a plateau. Examining the results, we can see that the oil enters the circuit at 25 deg C, which means that the thermal inertia of the reservoir is unrealistic. On the other hand, we see that the two major resistances – the orifice and the variable relief valve – have a temperature increase, as expected. Settings below: relief valve: 250 bar (to protect the pump and circuit), the variable relief valve 80 bar and 3.5 mm orifice opening 10. If we check the reservoir properties, we see that the infinite volume option is true. This is not realistic, so we set the option to false and the volume of the reservoir at 150 l 11. We see that the temperature starts rising in the whole circuit 12. The temperature increases fast if we change the settings of the variable relief valve to 200 bar, displacement to 200 cm3/rev: 13. If we leave it too long, we see that the system evolves towards destruction: 14. We need to provide a means to cool the circuit. We insert a cooler and a valve, plus a couple of thermometers: The oil returns to the reservoir until it reaches the desired temperature, when, by switching the valve, we can direct the oil through the cooler 15. We run the circuit to check all is correct. Because the cooler is off-line (oil diverted directly to the reservoir), the temperature in and out of the cooler is 25 deg C, which is the default temperature for simulation 16. Running the oil through the cooler seems to work, but it is not much help 17. We need to set the parameters of the cooler. With the last settings, we have a flow of 240 l/min at 200 bar, with the return of the oil at atmospheric pressure. This means that the circuit needs to dissipate 80 kW The cooler has a switching temperature of 50 deg C and a deactivation temperature of 40 deg C We set the maximum dissipation from 2 to 100 kW 18. Even with the max dissipation set, the results are not much better. We can adjust the valve details to indicate correct flow: 19. We need to set the folowing characteristics of the dissipation curves: 20. We check if it works. Below 50 deg C - the switching temperature – the cooler is not active. This is normal: 21. 22. Running for a long time, we see that the temperature reaches a plateau and stops increasing 23. To note – real systems - are generally less thermally stressed – this circuit was set to produce and dissipate 80 kW of thermal power. This is highly unusual in practice, as sytems are designed (and optimised) for the task they need to fulfill - dissipate extra heat to the atmosphere – the piping, various components, pump, etc. we did not set this, but it is possible Save the circuit. Explore alternatives. Add functionality and test. Document your work.
ASSESSMENT ITEM 1: Presentation [expert media analysis] Aligned subject learning outcomes select, analyse and interpret macroeconomic (national accounts) data for a selected country to advise whether its current fiscal and monetary policy stance is appropriate Group or individual Individual assessment item Weighting and due date 25% / Due Week 3 – 5 Oct 2024 (Saturday) 11:59 PM. Generative AI use Generative AI tools cannot be used in this assessment task In this assessment, you must not use Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) for any elements of the assessment task including the generation of any materials or content in relation to the assessment item. ASSESSMENT ITEM 1: DESCRIPTION Students prepare a 10-minute presentation in which they perform a sectoral accounting exercise for a country of their choice to determine whether the country is operating in ‘sustainable space’ . The presentation starts with a theoretical exposition of sectoral accounting, identifying the three sector balances (government, private domestic and external). Students then collect data for the 2000-2020 period to establish the average balance for the government and external sectors in that time frame. Subsequently, students depict the sectoral balances framework to establish whether the country has—on average —been operating in sustainable space and interpret the findings. Students record their presentation and submit it to the dedicated assignment box on LearnJCU before 11:59 PM on 5 October (Saturday) in week 3. ASSESSMENT ITEM 1: CRITERIA SHEET (OR RUBRIC) Criterion HD – Exemplary – D C – Satisfactory – P Unsatisfactory Part A Theory [25%] SLO1 CLO1 Demonstrates a mastery of sectoral accounting theory relevant to the research questions, captivating the audience. Demonstrates basic though not superior understanding of sectoral accounting theory relevant to the research question. Demonstrates little or no evidence of understanding of sectoral accounting theory, or much of the information gathered has no direct relevance to the research question. Part B Application [25%] SLO2, SLO3 Demonstrates the skill to select and present appropriate sectoral accounting data. Demonstrates the skill to select and present appropriate sectoral accounting data, with some minor errors. Fails to demonstrate the skill to select and present appropriate sectoral accounting data. Part C Demonstrates the Draws conclusions Fails to demonstrate Interpretation skill to draw from the analysis, the skill to draw [25%] thoroughly which are partially convincing conclusions SLO2, SLO3 convincing conclusions from the analysis. (not fully) supported by the data. from the analysis. Overall communication style (that is, speaking style and organisation of presentation) [25%] CLO4 Demonstrates the skill to present findings convincingly. Demonstrates the skill to present findings satisfactorily, not necessarily convincingly. Fails to demonstrates the skill to present findings satisfactorily.
159.302 Artificial Intelligence Assignment #2 Fuzzy Controller for the Inverted Pendulum Problem Maximum number of members per group: 3 students Deadline for submission: October 11 Instructions Your task is to implement and calibrate a fuzzy controller (Zero-order Sugeno Fuzzy Inference System) for balancing an inverted pendulum system. A written report detailing your system design and characterisation of its performance must accompany your program submission. In addition, fill-in the A start-up program using second-order derivative physics equations and simple graphics library are provided, simulating the complete dynamics of the cart-pendulum system. In addition, it also includes a function for collecting data points for plotting a control surface, and a fuzzy logic engine that you can utilise to implement a complete fuzzy controller. A tutorial on how to use the engine is provided in the lecture slides (Lecture - Fuzzy Logic Engine.pptx – we discussed this in the lectures). Details of the requirements: Part 1: Fuzzy System Design 1. Use the following inputs (combine the inputs together, as suggested in Yamakawa’s paper): . Combined inputs (Yamakawa) X = (A * theta) + (B * theta_dot) Y = (C*x) + (D * x_dot) . Definition of inputs: x – position of the cart x_dot – horizontal velocity of the cart theta – angle of the pole with respect to the vertical theta_dot – angular velocity of the pole A,B, C and D are positive constants; they are empirically defined 2. Use the fuzzy control rules defined by Yamakawa. . Reference: Takeshi Yamakawa’s paper, titled “A Fuzzy Inference Engine in Nonlinear Analog Mode and Its Application to a Fuzzy Logic Control” . Refer to page 517 of his paper to see what inputs were used in his design. This research paper is available for download in our Stream website. . Yamakawa defined 13 rules to solves the control problem. Optionally, you may extend Yamakawa’s rules to 25 rules. 3. Define the rule outputs associated with each of the fuzzy rules (e.g. NL = -100, PL = 100, etc.). Note that we are implementing a Zero-Order Sugeno Fuzzy Inference System, and so the rule outputs are constants. 4. Define the fuzzy sets corresponding to the linguistic terms in your fuzzy rules. . The fuzzy sets need to be defined according to the range of possible values for the input variables. . Example: Input range of input variables: o X: [-4.0 – 4.0] o Y: [-4.0 – 4.0] 5. Implement the fuzzy sets as membership functions in your program. You may use any of the membership functions we discussed in class. (The fuzzy engine contains the implementation of trapezoidal membership functions, if you want to use it.) 6. Define the defuzzification method for your system. (The fuzzy engine contains a centroid defuzzification method.) 7. Incorporate your fuzzy controller into the start-up program provided. (Tips on where to insert codes are provided in the start-up codes) 8. Note that in the start-up codes, there are blocks of statements that should not be modified as they are part of the implementation of the dynamics of the system. There are comments in the codes that identify these blocks of codes. 9. It is up to you to write and add any functions, classes or data structures that you may require to complete the system. 10. Your simulation system should demonstrate that the fuzzy controller is able to balance the inverted pendulum, given an initial pole angle and position. Part 2: System Calibration 11. Calibrate your fuzzy controller by modifying the rules, shape of membership functions, etc. until it is able to balance the pendulum without exceeding the boundaries of the platform. Aim for a control solution that can balance the pendulum in a smooth fashion and can bring the cart-pole system at the centre of the platform at zero-degree angle with respect to the vertical axis. Part 3: Results and Analysis 12. Generate the control surface data points using void generateControlSurface(). . The control surface comes with the following dimensions: angle of pole, angular velocity of pole, and Force calculated by the fuzzy controller. . Calling generateControlSurface() will apply all the necessary physics equations to update the state of the world. It will also store the data points into a text file (data_angle_vs_angle_dot.txt) that you can use later for 3D surface plotting using MS-Excel. . Note that a statement calling generateControlSurface() is already in place inside the main function 13. Plot the control surface using MS-Excel. Include the Excel file in your assignment submission. . MS-Excel requires a specific format for the tabulation of data points for 3D surface generation. Therefore, to plot a 3D surface, make sure that you delete the first zero value on the first row (upper-left corner) of the data points in the worksheet. The zero value is only there to align the columns properly, as required by the tabulation of data points by Excel. 14. Test the fuzzy controller system by setting the initial angle of the pole with different values. The bigger the initial angle is, the more challenging the problem becomes for the controller. Record the biggest angle magnitude that your system can successfully handle in the provided checklist.xlsx file. Characterise your control system by answering the following questions: o At x=1, what is the largest initial angle (most positive) and smallest (most negative) initial angle that your fuzzy controller can handle, without causing the cart-pole system to exceed the boundaries of the platform [-2.4m, 2.4m], and without dropping the pole on the ground? You can find the answer to this question by experimenting with your fuzzy controller. Type the initial angle of the pole on the command prompt window, then press the key (this is already in place in the start-up codes). The inverted pendulum simulation will run afterwards. Note that the program automatically converts the input angle to radians. o For how long can your fuzzy controller successfully balance the pendulum? Part 4: Documentation . Fuzzy Logic Controller: Discuss the complete fuzzy system that you have designed o Show the details of the inputs, fuzzy rules, fuzzy sets, rule outputs and defuzzification method o Follow the algorithm documentation guide provided. Please see ALGORITHM DOCUMENTATION GUIDE.docx o Submit this as a type-written report (e.g. MS-Word/ OpenOffice/pdf file). . Control Surface: Show the plot of the (3D) control surface (angle vs. angular velocity) o Submit the actual MS-Excel file. Checklist: Please complete the checklist.xlsx file. Name your Excel file using the following format: checklist_ID.xlsx Criteria for marking . Documentation – 15% . Fuzzy Logic system implementation and calibration – 85% Submission Requirements: 1. Complete source code of your fuzzy controller and simulation system (*.cpp, *.h, makefile, etc.) 2. Checklist file (MS-Excel file). 3. Fuzzy System Documentation: (MS-Word/OpenOffice/pdf)
BUSINESS 114 Accounting for Decision Making SEMESTER ONE 2024 EXAM S1 2024 SECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS – Professionals and Advisors QUESTION 1 Vince, an experienced investment advisor and accountant, has a regular phone-in show on local radio. In his show, he frequently gives investment advice to callers. One day in response to a caller’s questions, he advises investing in TGO Ltd. Mandy, a listener, hears the broadcast and, acting on the advice, invests in TGO Ltd. TGO Ltd. subsequently goes into liquidation. Mandy threatens to sue Vince for her losses. As Vince’s advisor, what advice would you give? (a) Mandy is likely to win this claim, subject to proof that she relied on Vince’s advice. (b) Mandy is not likely to win this claim as there is no special relationship with Vince - Mandy is too far removed as a member of the general public. (c) Mandy is likely to win if she relied on the advice, unless Vince failed to give a disclaimer at the start of the radio programme. (d) Mandy is likely to win this claim as Vince is a professional and will be held to account for losses suffered by the world at large under the principles of Hedley Bryne v Heller. (Total for question 1: 1 mark) QUESTION 2 Which of the following is potentially a complete defence in an action for negligent misstatement? i. An effective disclaimer. ii. Contributory negligence. iii. The fact that no duty of care was owed by the statement-maker to its recipient. iv. The fact that the statement-maker has made a simple miscalculation, which would be easy to correct. (a) Only statements (i) and (iii) are correct. (b) Only statements (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct. (c) Only statements (i), (iii) and (iv) are correct. (d) All statements are correct. (Total for question 2: 1 mark) QUESTION 3 Which of the following will always involve the exercise of agency powers? i. A financial advisor recommending investment schemes to a client. ii. A lawyer drafting a complicated contract for a client. iii. A loan officer for a bank, witnessing customers signing mortgages. iv. An employee at a restaurant, whose job involves buying supplies every morning at a market on the restaurant’s account. (a) Only statements (ii) and (iv) are correct. (b) Only statements (ii) and (iii) are correct. (c) All statements are correct. (d) Only statement (iv) is correct. (Total for question 3: 1 mark) QUESTION 4 Gem has a house in Christchurch. She is going for an extended trip overseas and will be away for at least 6 months. She was hoping to sell her house before she left, but has not been able to do so, so she asks her friend Melissa to sell the house for her in her absence. Melissa agrees and they enter into a written agreement, giving Melissa authority to act on Gem’s behalf. Gem has had the house valued at $1 million and makes it clear to Melissa that this is the minimum price she would accept. Whilst managing the house sale, Melissa finds out that a prospective buyer, Nathan, is willing to pay $1.2 million for the house and is very keen to purchase as it is near his children’s school. Melissa sees an opportunity here, so she emails Gem, saying, “I’m sorry, I can’t find a buyer, but I’ll buy your house myself for $1 million.” Gem agrees and the house is duly sold to Melissa for $1 million. A few weeks later, Melissa sells the house to Nathan for $1.2 million. When Gem returns from her trip, she finds out what has happened. Which of the following statements is correct? (a) Melissa does not need to pay anything to Gem because although Melissa is in breach of her fiduciary duties, Gem has not suffered any loss as a result of the breach - after all, the market value of the house was $1 million, and she gets $1 million. (b) Melissa must pay Gem $200,000 to account for her profit. (c) Melissa is just doing her friend Gem a favour, and therefore does not owe any fiduciary duties to Gem. (d) Melissa owes fiduciary obligations to Gem but is not in breach of any of those obligations. (Total for question 4: 1 mark) QUESTION 5 Matt has a house in Auckland. He signs a document authorising Terry to sell the house and sign the sale contract on his behalf. Jane is keen to buy it. Terry shows Jane the written authorisation. After some negotiations, Jane (as the purchaser) and Terry sign a contract for the sale and purchase of the house. Terry signs in his own signature but also puts '(on behalf of Matt)' beside his signature. However, now Matt refuses to transfer the title to Jane, which is a breach of contract. Matt says: 'Well, look at the signature. It's certainly not mine.' Who is liable to Jane for breach of contract? (a) Matt only. (b) Terry only. (c) Both Matt and Terry. (d) Neither Matt nor Terry. (Total for question 5: 1 mark) QUESTION 6 Commonly, fiduciary relationships are owed by: i. The two parties to a contract, and doctors to their patients. ii. Company directors to shareholders, and accountants to their clients. iii. Employers to their employees, and agents to principles. iv. Accountants to their clients, and trustees to beneficiaries. Which of the following statements is correct? (a) Only statements (ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct. (b) Only statements (ii) and (iv) are correct. (c) Only statement (i) and (ii) are correct. (d) Only statement (iv) is correct. (Total for question 6: 1 mark) QUESTION 7 Aroha is the office manager for an accountancy firm. As part of her role, she has authority to make purchases for office supplies up to a value of $5,000. If Aroha makes an order for office supplies which exceeds this $5,000 cap: i. Her employer may be bound to honour the purchase if the supplier does not know about the budget cap. ii. Aroha has implied actual authority to make the purchase due to the nature of her role. iii. Aroha may have apparent authority to make the purchase due to the nature of her role. iv. Her employer will only be bound to honour the purchase if the supplier knows about the budget cap. Which of the following statements is correct? (a) Only statements (i) and (iii) are correct. (b) Only statements (i) and (ii) are correct. (c) Only statements (iii) and (iv) are correct. (d) Only statements (ii) and (iv) are correct. (Total for question 7: 1 mark) QUESTION 8 Select the best definition of “an agent” from the list below: (a) An agent is a person engaged by a third party for any purpose. (b) An agent is a person who sells commodities for a third person. (c) An agent is a person engaged for the purpose of bringing another person into contractual relations with third persons. (d) An agent is a person engaged for the purpose of doing any work for another person. (Total for question 8: 1 mark) QUESTION 9 The following are some statements about agency: i. The concept of agency is necessary for the existence and operation of corporations, as corporations can only act through human agents. ii. Agents must be in a position of power and control over their principal. iii. Agency relationships always arise from a contractual relationship, such as the retainer between lawyer and client. iv. The agency relationship is fiduciary in nature. Which of the following statements is correct? (a) Only statements (i) and (iii) are correct. (b) Only statements (ii) and (iii) are correct. (c) Only statements (i) and (iv) are correct. (d) Only statements (i) and (ii) are correct. (Total for question 9: 1 mark) QUESTION 10 Jonty, an experienced accountant, is approached by a small business owner, Hiromo, seeking advice on managing her company’s finances. Hiromo explains her financial situation, and seeks Jonty’s professional opinion on whether she should take advantage of certain tax deductions to minimise her company's tax liabilities. Jonty, after reviewing the financial documents provided by Hiromo, advises her to claim deductions for certain expenses that he believes are eligible for tax relief, assuring her that it is a legitimate tax-saving strategy. However, after following Jonty's advice and claiming these deductions on her company's tax return, Hiromo receives a notice of audit from the tax authorities. During the audit, it is discovered that some of the expenses claimed by Hiromo were not actually eligible for tax deductions, leading to penalties and fines imposed on her company. Hiromo discovers that Jonty had failed to thoroughly analyse the eligibility of the expenses for tax deductions and had provided negligent advice. Which of the following statements regarding Jonty's liability in negligent misstatement is most accurate? (a) Jonty cannot be held liable for negligent misstatement because he is an experienced accountant, and his advice carries a certain level of professional immunity. (b) Jonty may be held liable for negligent misstatement if it can be proven that he owed a duty of care to Hiromo, breached that duty, and as a result, Hiromo suffered foreseeable losses. (c) Jonty is automatically exempt from any liability in negligent misstatement because Hiromo ultimately made the decision to follow his tax advice. (d) Jonty’s liability in negligent misstatement depends solely on Hiromo’s ability to prove that he intentionally misled her with false information. (Total for question 10: 1 mark) SECTION B QUESTION 11 – Balance Sheet, Income Statement, and Financial Statement Analysis Brew Crafters, a boutique New Zealand brewery, operates under accrual accounting principles but prepares a cash flow statement to provide insights into its cash position. Below is its balance sheet as at the end of March 2024. Brew Crafters – Balance Sheet as at 31 March 2024 Assets Liabilities & Owner’s Equity Current Assets: Current Liabilities: Cash $80,000 Accounts Payable $10,000 Accounts Receivable $22,000 Non-Current Liabilities: Prepaid Insurance $6,000 Bank Loan (5.8% pa) $60,000 Inventory $35,000 Non-Current Assets: Owners’ Equity: Brewing Equipment $25,000 $168,000 Capital $98,000 $168,000 During the quarter ending in March 2024, Brew Crafters engaged in the following additional financial transactions: 1. Brew Crafters launched a limited-edition beer series, resulting in $12,000 in sales, half of which was collected immediately, and the rest was to be collected over the next quarter. The sale of this series incurred costs amounting to $7,500. 2. Brew Crafters decided to pay 25% of the Bank Loan at the end of March. The interest for the quarter has already been paid. 3. The company paid $2,000 in cash for utilities expenses. Required: (a) Analyse the impact of each transaction on the financial statements by providing the requested details in the table below: • Name of the account impacted by the transaction – select the appropriate account name from the drop-down menu: various account names. • Impact on the Balance Sheet, Income Statement and Cash Flow Statement - use the drop- down menu to indicate whether there is an Increase, Decrease, or No impact on the statement. • Cash Flow Category – select one of the following from the drop-down menu: Operating, Investing, Financing, or No impact. • The monetary amount involved in each transaction - type in the amount for the transaction. Transaction Account Name Impact on Balance Sheet Impact on Income Statement Impact on Cash Flow Statement Cash Flow Category Amount 1 2 3 (8 marks) (b) Calculate Brew Crafters’ gross profit margin for the additional transactions detailed in part (a) of this question for the quarter ended 31 March 2024. Express your answer as a percentage rounded to two decimal places. (2 marks) (Total for question 11: 10 marks) QUESTION 12 – Cost Understanding Luna has recently been hired as the marketing manager by Starlet Inc. Luna proposes that Starlet Inc. should launch a major new promotion in July with a limited time offer. The promotion offers a free concert ticket for each unit of Starlet Inc.'s products sold. Starlet Inc.'s budgeted income statement for July, based on sales of 8,000 units without introducing the new promotion, was as follows: Starlet Inc. - Budgeted Income Statement Sales (units) 8,000 Sales Revenue $600,000 Less: Variable Costs $420,000 Less: Fixed Costs $105,000 Profit $75,000 Luna has conducted some market research and concluded that the new promotion would increase sales to 12,000 units per month with the same unit selling price. The additional fixed costs for this promotion would be $3,500, and a concert ticket would cost $12. Required: (a) Calculate the breakeven point in sales revenue and the margin of safety as a percentage (round to two decimal places) based on Starlet Inc.'s budgeted income statement for July without the new promotion. NOTE: In determining your answer of the breakeven sales revenue or margin of safety, round up your breakeven volume to the nearest unit – for example, 1,306.28 or 1,306.73 would both be rounded to 1,307 units and then use the rounded figure to calculate the breakeven sales revenue or margin of safety. (3 marks) (b) Explain briefly why the company might find it useful to know its breakeven point and margin of safety. (2 marks - 100 words maximum) (c) (i) Calculate the breakeven point in sales revenue and profit if Starlet Inc. implements the promotion suggested by Luna. NOTE: In determining your answer of the breakeven sales revenue, round up your breakeven volume to the nearest unit – for example, 1,306.28 or 1,306.73 would both be rounded to 1,307 units, and then use the rounded figure to calculate the breakeven sales revenue. (3 marks) (ii) Calculate the units Starlet Inc. would need to sell to achieve July’s budgeted profit of $75,000 if Starlet Inc. implements the promotion (round up your answer to the nearest unit - for example, 1,306.28 or 1,306.73 would both be rounded to 1,307 units). (1 mark) (iii) Comment on Luna’s marketing proposal, considering the expected impact on profits and the breakeven point, including operating risk. State any assumptions you need to make. (3 marks – 150 words maximum) (d) (i) Calculate the operating leverage for July if the promotion is implemented (round to two decimal places). (2 marks) (ii) If the operating leverage before implementing the promotion was 20%, discuss the reason that causes the change in the operating leverage according to your calculation in part (d)(i) of this question. Also, explain the relationship between operating leverage and Starlet Inc.'s operating risk. State any assumptions you need to make. (2 marks – 100 words maximum) (Total for question 12: 16 marks)
Electrical Machines (EE4003) In-class questions Q.1 A 50 Hz, four-pole, three-phase induction motor has 4 slots per pole per phase on the stator. The number of turns per phase of the stator winding is 400 and the effective length of core is 100 cm. The machine has a single-layer winding. All conductors in the same phase are connected in series. The leakage flux above the slot and toothis ignored. Fig. Q1 shows the slot shape of the stator, where b1 = 2.0 cm b2 = 8 cm b3 = 10 cm d1 = 2.0 cm d2 = 1.0 cm d3 = 1.0 cm d4 = 12 cm d5 = 1 cm. Calculate the stator slot leakage reactance per phase. Explain how the slot leakage reactance will be changed i) if b2 is increased but smaller than b3; ii) if d5 is reduced; iii) if the frequency is changed to 60 Hz. Discuss each situation separately.
Problem Set 4 : Due Wednesday September 25 September 18, 2024 Answers must be typed. Print out and bring to class on due date. 1. Consider the standard CD utility function u(x) = xα1x12−α . Find the indirect utility function and use it to answer (and prove/disprove) the following (a) Is the indirect utility function homogeneous degree 0? (b) Is it strictly increasing in income and non-increasing in pℓ for any ℓ? (c) Is the indirect utility function quasiconvex? (d) Is it continuous in p and income? 2. A consumer has utility function u(x) = xα1x12−α + ln(x3). Assume α > 0 and p1 = p2 = p3 = 1. (a) How does money spent on x3 depend on α? Sketch a graph. (b) Referencing marginal utilities, say something that makes sense of why and how money spent on x3 depends on α in this way. 3. A consumer with locally non-satiated and strictly convex preferences has the following expenditure function: e(p, u) = u(pα1 + pα2)α/1 (a) Find the consumer’s Marshallian demand (check MWG 3.G and 3.H – this was only briefly mentioned on the slides but reading those sections can save you a lot of time on future problems/prelims). (b) When α = 2 prove whether or not the expenditure function is a valid expenditure function. (c) What does your answer to b) have to do with the substitution effect? 4. (potentially challenging) Consider a world with 3 commodities. Let the third good be a numeraire (p1 = 1). The demands are x1(p, w) = a + bp1 + cp2 x2(p, w) = d + ep1 + gp2 (a) Utility maximization implies the following restrictions on parameters: c = e, b ≤ 0, g ≤ 0, bg − c2 ≥ 0. Show how to find these restrictions. (This may be difficult.) (b) Estimate the equivalent variation for a change in prices from (p1, p2) = (1, 1) to (p1, p2) = (2, 2). Is there any problem if c ≠ e?
