School of Biosciences Coursework assessment for Assessment Cycle [ ] (semester [ ], 2024/25) LIFE305 Cell Signalling in Health and Disease Module organiser: Mark Morgan & Niall Kenneth Maximum word count: 1000 words Please read all instructions (general and specific) carefully! Please also make sure to familiarise yourself with the student guidance for written assessments (Canvas > NY-BIOSCIENCES-202425 > Assessment). General instructions to students: 1. Word count · The word count is a maximum (not plus/minus 10%). There is no minimum word count. · Please refer to the specific instructions below regarding what is and what isn’t included in the maximum word count for this assignment. · Penalties will be applied for exceeding the word count as follows: o Up to 1% (e.g. up to 2020 for a 2000 word maximum) no penalty o Up to 10% (e.g. between 2021 and 2200 words) 5 % penalty o Up to 20% (e.g. between 2201 and 2400 words) 10 % penalty o Etc. (i.e. 5% penalty for every 10% above word count) · Enter your word count at the bottom of your submission 2. Submission · Your work should be submitted via the submission link in your module area in Canvas · Please make sure that you follow the guidance on written assessments which can be found on the School Canvas Page. · Also refer to the School Canvas pages in relation to the penalties for Late Submission and possible exemptions. · If you have any technical problems submitting to Canvas by the deadline, you must email your work to the module organiser (copying in [email protected] ) by the deadline, as evidence that you have submitted in time. You should also provide a screenshot of the error you are experiencing. You should then continue to attempt submitting via Canvas. 3. Academic Integrity The University’s Academic Integrity policy and your annual Academic Integrity declaration apply to this assessment. If necessary, the full range of penalties (Category A, B, C, D, and E) will be available to examiners if they discover contraventions of the Academic Integrity policy. You can consult the University’s Academic Integrity guide for students here: https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/media/livacuk/tqsd/code-of-practice-on-assessment/appendix_L_cop_assess_annex1.pdf Please note: Your answer should be written in your own words. Do not use any verbatim (word for word) quotes. Your assignment may not contain verbatim (copy-and-paste) material that you have submitted for another assessment, either on this or a different module. 4. Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) instructions. The University permits you to use GenAI tools to assist in the preparation of your assignments provided that doing so is consistent with the University’s guidance on acceptable and unacceptable uses of GenAI. https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/media/livacuk/centre-for-innovation-in-education/digital-education/generative-ai-teach-learn-assess/guidance-on-the-use-of-generative-ai.pdf To promote honest and ethical use of GenAI, the School of Biosciences requires students to declare whether they have used GenAI tools in the preparation of each coursework assessment that they submit. If you have used GenAI tool(s), you must explain what tools you used and how you used them. Failure to include a declaration and/or provide clear and satisfactory information on how you used them, where relevant, will lead to a marks deductions (see below). For each assignment you must include and complete the following table before your answer; the declaration is not included in a word count. · In the general statement, delete ‘did’ or ‘did not’ as applicable · If you declare that you did use GenAI, you must then provide the following information for each GenAI tool that you used; examples have been included in the table. o Name and version of the GenAI tool o Publisher (company that made the GenAI tool) o URL of the GenAI tool o Brief description what the tool was used for, and how General statement I did/did not use GenAI tools in the preparation of this work In the rows below, provide the required information about any GenAI tools and how they were used. If you have declared that you did not use GenAI tools, no further information is required. ChatGPT v 3.5 Open AI, Chat GPT v 3.5; https://chatgpt.com I used the tool to summarise and to structure my draft document Grammarly Grammarly Inc (web version); https://www.grammarly.com I used the tool to spell and grammar check the final version of this assignment Penalties for not declaring GenAI tools and/or inadequate description when used. · There are no penalties if you declare that you did or did not use GenAI and, if you did, provide a clear and satisfactory description of what you used them for. · A 2% deduction will be imposed if you do include the declaration that you used GenAI but did not provide sufficient information of what tools you used, and how. · A 5% deduction will be imposed if you do not include the declaration at all; i.e., when you do not state whether you did or did not use GenAI tools. · If you declare that you did not use GenAI tools, but it is later proven that you did, the Academic Integrity Committee will investigate academic misconduct for a false declaration. Expectations: In this assessment, we expect students to write well-structured answers to each question which correctly use the appropriate terminology and referencing. To provide context, you should give background information based on the relevant module content. When you address the question, you should use your knowledge and understanding of the module content, but you should also use relevant literature to add a different perspective and/or more detail. To address the data analysis aspects of questions, you should demonstrate your ability to interpret and critique the data presented and to draw relevant conclusions. At the higher end of the marking scheme, markers will also be looking for elements of criticality and synthesis. Specific instructions: Please answer ALL questions. Coursework Question(s): This assessment is based on the following research paper (PDF available on Canvas): BAP1 is a novel regulator of HIF-1α Bononi et al Proc Natl Acad Sci 2023 Jan 24;120(4):e2217840120. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2217840120. https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2217840120 Please answer the three following questions: 1. Pick the figure* in the paper that you think is the most important for the overall conclusions. Briefly describe the results, the experimental approach(es) used and why you think that it is the key figure in the paper. * Selected figure needs to include all sub-panels (e.g. Fig 1A-I or Fig 2A-E, not Fig 1F or 2D) Indicative length: Approx. 300 words 2. Draw an original diagram and briefly discuss the signalling pathway delineated in this study and highlight how this adds to what was previously known about HIF regulation. Focus on the crosstalk between post-translational modifications and protein:protein interactions, and include all of the regulators of the pathway. Indicative length: Figure plus approx. 400 words 3. From what you know about aberrant HIF activity in cancer, describe how these novel findings contribute to our understanding of the role of BAP1 in human malignancies? Indicative length: Approx. 300 words
CSE 101 Introduction to Data Structures and Algorithms Programming Assignment 7 In this project we will create a program that is very similar in operation topa1, this time in C++. The main program will be called Order.c, and will use a Dictionary ADT based on a Binary Search Tree. The Dictionary ADT The Dictionary ADT maintains a set of pairs whose members are called key and value, respectively. A state of this ADT is a set (possibly empty) of such pairs. The file Dictionary.h is posted in /Examples/pa7 and contains the following typedefs for key and value. typedef std::string keyType; typedef int valType; Think of the key as being some kind of identifying information, such as an account number, and the value as being data associated with that account. The Dictionary ADT will enforce the constraint that all keys are unique, while values may occur multiple times. The main Dictionary operations are getValue(k): Return a reference to the value corresponding to key k. Pre: such a pair exists. setValue(k, v): If a pair with key k exists, overwrite its value with v, otherwise insert the pair (k, v). remove(k): Delete the pair with key k. Pre: such a pair exists. The Dictionary will also support a built-in iterator called current, that allows the client to step through the keys in alphabetical order, somewhat like cursor in the various incarnations of our List ADT. Other operations, including some suggested helper functions, along with their descriptions, are included in Dictionary.h. Binary Search Trees Before you begin this project, you should read Chapter 12 of our text (CLRS pp. 286-307.) Basically, a BST is a generalization of a (doubly) linked list, in which each Node has two next pointers, called left child and right child, respectively. The prev pointer in a linked list is replaced by parent. In this project, the "other data" will consist of one (key, value) pair in our Dictionary. For purposes of this simplified discussion though, "other data" will be a single integer which we call key. A binary tree assembled out of these Node objects looks something like this: Two more conditions, called the Binary Search Tree properties, are necessary for such a structure to be a BST. Let x andy be Nodes in a BST. Then (1) if y is in the left subtree of x (i.e. y is a descendant of x's left child),then key[y] ≤ key[x], (2) if y is in the right subtree of x (i.e. y is a descendant of x's right child),then key[x] ≤ key[y]. Observe that the preceding example satisfies these properties, which make a number of sorting, searching and query algorithms possible. Other algorithms perform insertions and deletions in such a way as to maintain the BST properties. All of these algorithms will be discussed at length during lecture, and will be implemented by you in this project, some as ADT operations and some as helper functions. Program Operation The top-level client in this project will be called Order.cpp. It will read in the lines of an input file, each line being a (unique) single string, then insert these strings (as keys) into a Dictionary. The corresponding values will be the line number in the input file where the string was read. Your program will write two string representations of the Dictionary to the output file. The first string will consist of pairs of the form "key : value " so that when printed, each pair appears on its own line. The keys will be in alphabetical order. The second representation will consist of keys only, one to a line, with the order obtained from a pre-order tree walk. Order.cpp is quite simple to create once the Dictionary is complete. A good starting point would be the program FileIO.cpp (in /Examples/C++.) As usual,a weak test of Dictionary operations is included, called DictionaryClient.cpp. You will of course create your own tester for this project, which hopefully is somewhat more stringent. Several matched pairs of input-output files are also included in /Examples/pa7, along with a random input file generator. A file called English.txt containing over 194,00 English language words, found here, can be used by the input file generator to create input files of any desired size. Note that we will not test your program on input files with multiple identical lines. You may therefore assume that each line contains a unique string, suitable for use as a key in the Dictionary. What to turn in Submit the following 6 files to your pa7 directory on git.ucsc.edu. README.md Written by you, a catalog of submitted files and any notes to the grader Makefile Provided, alter as you see fit Dictionary.h Provided, you may alter the "helper functions" section, but nothing else Dictionary.cpp Written by you, the majority of work for this project DictionaryTest.cpp Written by you, your test client of the Dictionary ADT Order.cpp Written by you, the client for this project Submit no other files. If you submit input files, output files, English.txt, excecutable files, or any file not listed above, you will lose points. Makefile should be capable of making the executables DictionaryTest and Order, and should contain a clean utility that removes all binary files. To get full credit, your project must implement all required files and functions, compile without errors or warnings, produce correct output on our Dictionary and Order tests, and produce no memory errors under valgrind. As usual points are deducted both for neglecting to include required files, for misspelling any filenames and for submitting additional unwanted files. Start early, ask plenty of questions, and submit your project by the due date.
LIN329: Assignment 3 Due in hard copy at the beginning of lecture on Nov. 18, 2024 Part 0: Make sure to include your name and student number! You must write up the assignment on your own, but you can talk to other students about it. If you talk to other students, you MUST write their names on your assignment. Reduplication Consider the following data from Language F. Glossbrispokbisbrispok‘cat’dlarevdardlarev‘dog’metopkametmetopka‘rabbit’t’ofributoft’ofribu‘horse’nak’uvanaknak’uva‘goat’p’senmot’apenp’senmot’a‘cow’srotak ’’‘turtle’
FINS5537 Individual Assignment – Term 3 2024 Due to be submitted no later than 11.59 pm * Sunday the 17th of November 2024 in a soft copy format via the Turnitin link placed on the Moodle course website. No submission will be accepted via email *Please allow a minimum of 20 to 30 minutes to upload your assignment. Do not wait untill the due date to upload your assignment as the system can become slow closer to the due date. This assignment will comprise a total of 40% of the marks allocated for this unit. The assignment consists of the preparation of an advice document in a form. of a professional & compliant Statement of Advice (SOA) in relation to the case study. The SOA must adhere ASIC RG175 requirements in particular the “Clear, Concise and effective” requirement. Submission details The submission must include the following in ONE word document / file: 1. The assignment (SOA) in a Word Document format, incorporating all the relevant elements to ensure the prepared SOA is compliant with the relevant financial services laws, technically accurate and professionally presented 2. In maximum of 500 word attached to the assignment, prepare a summary of how you will be adhering the FA Code of Ethics’ 5 values and 12 standards when dealing assisting your clients in this case. Give specific examples. Use the submission Turnitin link provided on Moodle. Only submissions via the link will be accepted Important Note: You need to answer the question in a Statement of Advice (SOA) format in accordance with ASIC guidelines (refer to RG 90 for examples only). The SOA must have a 2 page “Executive Summary” section where you summarise the client’s current situation, needs, concerns, goals, objectives and your recommended strategy. Important Notes: • The assignment must be typed (Font 11) • Attempt ALL questions and issues raised in the case study assignment. • Ensure your SOA contains all the relevant sections, to ensure your SOA is compliant with the relevant financial services laws, technically accurate and professionally presented in line with the industry best practice. • Where appropriate, the use of tables, graphs, flowcharts, etc. is encouraged to help illustrate your point clearly. • Show workings and calculations where applicable. • Clearly state your source references. Be clear in answering the questions and or clients’ enquiry. • Assumptions must be clearly stated, assumptions need to be reasonable and logical and cannot conflict with the facts in the question/s • Provide the excel spreadsheet projection/working in the appendix of the SOA document. Assumptions o Inflation 2.5% o AWOTE 3% (use for wages inflation) o The investment growth rate is to be provided by you, however, you must apply due diligence on the rate provided and provide your source or research reference/s. This would be based largely off the investment and the asset allocation of your investment portfolio o Use 2022-2023 tax rates where applicable Refer to the mark allocation and what is expected from you section below for further details and tips. Case Study - The Marshal Family John Marshal (aged 44) is married to Betty (aged 43). They are living in Sydney. They have two children, Siena (aged 8), Leila (aged 6), they both attend a private school, and they are in years 2 and kindergarten respectively. John is a corporate Lawyer for a large financial institution. and Betty is a senior accountant. for an investment firm. John and Betty have been discussing the need for them to see a financial adviser to help them put a plan in place to help achieve their goals and objectives. They would like to ensure they have appropriate budget to allow them to maintain their current lifestyle. and help them save for their key goals, including their children’s education, paying off their debt, while also making sure they have plans to ensure they are saving well for their long-term retirement objectives. Although John and Betty can see the need to focus their attention on their key immediate priorities of paying off their debt and saving for their children’s education, however, they also would like to make sure their superannuation is well invested to help them save for their retirement. Both John and Betty have reasonable experience when it comes to investment and management of their financial affairs. Although in recent times John and Betty have been too busy to pay attention to their financial affairs, they feel with the appropriate help from the professionals in the field (financial adviser, accountant, etc.) they would be able take control of their finances and investments and be directed towards achieving their goals and objectives. John and Betty have made wills soon after they got married, however, they haven’t updated them since. John and Betty have a home and contents insurance cover they established when they purchased their current family home. They have their motor vehicle comprehensively insured. They also have family private health insurance coverage. However, they are unsure if their general insurance covers are adequate and appropriate. Their personal life insurance is limited to what they have inside their respective superannuation accounts. John and Betty have met with you and left you with the information below after the first interview. John Betty Income salary & wages * (excludes employer SG contribution) $280,000 $280,000 Home (principal residence) Purchased in 2011 $2,200,000 (Joint tenancy) Home loan, the current loan interest rate is 6.2% variable rate (current schedule repayment is $12,000 p.m.) The current loan balance outstanding $980,000 Home contents $220,000 Motor Vehicle $80,000 Bank Account (at call) $24,000 (Joint) Term deposit @ 1.9% maturing in 2 weeks $55,000 (Joint) Employer superannuation (retail funds) $410,000 (Insurance inside the superannuation fund of $700k life and TPD) Superannuation Fund Investment: Growth Fund (100% growth assets) $340,000 (Insurance inside the superannuation fund $450K life and TPD) Fund’s Investment: Moderate (50 % Growth, 50% Defensive assets) Australian shares managed funds (Acquired in Sep 2018) Market value $ 33,000 Cost Base $28,000 Living expenses (excludes school fees and Mortgage repayments ) $100,000 p.a # John and Betty’s current living expenses will continue until retirement. Notes to the supplied information: *The employer makes only the mandated employer contribution (SGC) to their nominated superannuation fund. You need to advise John and Betty on the issues below, taking into account the following specific issues and concerns: You need to clearly address the following issues: where you are providing advice on each of the points below you need to ensure you highlight the benefits and the risk of the advice relevant to the clients’ personal circumstances. You also need to clearly demonstrate how your advice to the clients meets the best interest duty Analyse and address the following goals, objectives, needs, and concerns and whether they can achieve their objectives for John and Betty including their retirement objectives and how. (Providing them with options and alternatives) 1. Retirement Planning: John would like to retire once he reaches age 65. Betty is planning to retire when she reaches age 60. However, they are happy to postpone retirement for a few more years if this would help them achieve a more comfortable retirement as John is happy to scale down his workload and stay working on a consultancy basis for a few more years as a semi- retirement plan. John and Betty think they need an after-tax income of $85,000 in today’s dollars during their retirement as by then they think their debt will be paid out (assume this income can be produced tax free at retirement). You need to provide the calculation supporting your projections of their retirement needs. 2. Superannuation John and Betty’s currently have their superannuation contributions go to an employer nominated retail fund. They would like to know whether their superannuation are invested appropriately, they also would like to know the benefits and risks of establishing an SMSF relevant to their own specific and personal circumstances. Be specific by relating to John and Betty specific circumstances. 3. Gearing and debt Management: John and Betty would like to pay off their current debt particularly their home loan as soon as possible. However, they are happy to consider the concept of borrowing to invest if they feel it can help them achieve their retirement aim. Advice John and Betty and the pros and Cons of such a strategy. Be specific on relating you advice to John and Betty’s personal circumstances. 4. Investments I. Managed Funds: John and Betty would like to get some advice on the Australia shares managed funds they hold and to be provide options on whether they should continue to hold this investment currently held in John’s name. Advise John and Betty on the pros and cons on holding this investment and explain, you also need to elaborate on what can be done to make their investment more diversified and potentially what other options available to them. II. Term Deposit: the TD is maturing soon, and they would like some advice on possible options available for them. 5. Children education John and Betty feel strongly about providing their children with good education, They would like to continue to be able to provide a private school education for their children. They feel they should have a budget of around $30,000 p.a. in today’s per child for both primary and secondary school 6. Holiday They would also like to take a family trip to Disney Land with the kids in the next 2- 4 years for which the expected cost is approximately $25,000 in today’s dollars. 7. Insurance John and Betty would like to ensure they have adequate general and personal insurance. For the personal insurance John and Betty only have the insurance inside their employer superannuation fund, you are required to provide a clear needs analysis to identify their different personal insurance needs (Life, TPD, Trauma and income protection) and make appropriate recommendations on the amount and type of covers required. You also need to provide insurance product recommendations and supply quotes of premiums. 8. Estate Planning They would like you to consider their estate planning and asset protection needs. You need to provide a clear recommendation on all their estate planning needs. (Avoid large generic contents in this section). Information provided needs to be relevant and specific to the clients’ circumstances. 9. Risk Profiling - John and Betty’s attitude to risk: o John likes owning shares as from his financial background he understands that Australian shares and shares in general may have a higher volatility than some other asset classes. However, he also understands shares tend to perform well over the long term. John is comfortable with taking risk if he can understand it and see that there are possible rewards. o Betty on the other hand was brought up in a very conservative family where her family had most of their money invested either in government bonds or term deposits with one of the major banks. Betty’s family have always talked in front of her that they dislike share investments as they feel they can't sleep for worry about market events. However, they have also said to Betty several times that she could never go wrong with property investment and have always encouraged her and John to buy a house when they first got married. Betty therefore is more conservative than John when it comes to risky investments; however, as a result of studying finance subjects at university she can see that sometimes there could be some merit in taking calculated risks to achieve better returns. o John and Betty have both indicated they wouldn’t mind taking some calculated investment risks to help them achieve their objectives. 10. Projections Projections should be made up to John & Betty’s life expectancy + 8 years. As part of your advice to the clients you need to address the following: i. Get to know the clients by clearly analysing their goals and objectives needs and concerns. ii. Cash flow and net worth tables. a) Establish their personal financial statements (balance sheet or net worth i.e. asset less liability, cash flow analysis i.e. income less expenses to identify the client surplus/deficit cash position). This needs to be done for both before your advice (i.e. the current status quo) and post your advice incorporating your recommendations b) Prepare and present cash flow and asset projections (include projections of cash flows for John and Betty, presenting both pre-tax and post-tax results). iii. Risk profile and asset allocations a) Establish their risk profile and as a result their appropriate asset allocations, addressing their target asset allocations diversification for their different investment including their superannuation. And their investment portfolio recommendations, providing reasoning and justifications. iv. Goals objectives funding a) You need to illustrate a clear projected estimate of the financial target and the source and method of funding the clients different goals and objectives , this includes their retirement and other short-, medium- and long-term goals, etc. as and where applicable) v. Insurance needs analysis a) Perform. clear needs analysis of the insurance needs and establish their needs and affordability of the insurance premium to justify your recommendations. b) Provide appropriate and accurate insurance costing by obtain premium quotes and estimates there are some websites that provide you with insurance quotes online). vi. Provide assumptions used and justifications (cost, risk, suitability, etc.) where required. vii. Use visual aids like diagrams tables and charts to assist with your illustrations. viii. Clear calculation and projections as needed. Your task in summary is to prepare a complete and compliant Statement of Advice (SOA) for John and Betty. The information provided in the client scenario is to be used in preparing your calculations and advice. As the assignment is to be a SOA for clients, it should be in a suitable format and use appropriate language. Clarity and conciseness are important but full explanations are required. Your SOA should clearly show the structure you recommend for their portfolio, how they can achieve their goals and where the capital and income will be sourced. Your SOA should address a long-term plan to provide income and should include projections.
ECON0016: Macroeconomic Theory and Policy Term 1, Problem set 2 1. Perfect and imperfect competition on the supply side Draw a single diagram showing the Classical model and the wage setting / price setting model. · The distance between the WS curve and the LS curve shows the extent to which competition in the labour market is imperfect, due to workers’ market power, efficiency wages, or both · The distance between the PS curve and the LD curve shows the degree of firms’ market power · Remember that the PS is horizontal because we have assumed the MPL is constant. What are the differences between the two models in terms of: (a) Assumptions · Perfect vs imperfect competition. In the “classical” model firms and workers are price takers with perfect information and the ability to write complete contracts. In the WS / PS model firms have market power so can set prices; workers have market power so have wage-setting power and incomplete contracts mean firms are unable to write contracts for effort so need to pay higher wages to persuade workers to exert effort. (b) Methodology · Micro-foundations. The Classical model is “micro-founded” in the sense that it is derived from the microeconomic problems facing firms and households · The PS curve is micro-founded in the sense that it can be understood as the optimal behaviour of a firm with market power · The WS curve is “ad hoc”. We haven’t derived micro-foundations for it, though one could in principle do so. (c) Implications · They imply different “equilibrium” levels of output, compare potential output y* with equilibrium output ye in the diagram above. At potential output all unemployment is voluntary; at equilibrium output there is both voluntary and involuntary unemployment. · Whereas potential output is first-best, given the LS and LD curves; equilibrium output will be less than optimal so policy could improve welfare by shifting the WS and PS curves closer to the LS and LD. · WS and PS depend on a whole range of factors such as the structure of the goods market and the degree of union power which can potentially change equilibrium output and employment 2. Using the IS – MR – PC model Starting from the medium-run equilibrium, consider a temporary shock which shifts the IS curve rightwards for one period only. (a) Show the response of the economy to this shock using the 3 equation model and explain carefully the path of output, inflation and interest rates. Your answer should include of careful explanation of the behaviour of price setters and wage setters using the diagram of the labour market. Period 1 The shock hits, the IS curve shifts rightwards. 1. Interest rates are r=rs so demand increases to y1. Firms increase output to y1 to bring the goods market into equilibrium 2. Output is above equilibrium, so unemployment is lower, and workers have more bargaining power. They increase their nominal wages by more than expected inflation to reflect this, a total of π1 >πT. The gap π1 – πT is a measure of the extra bargaining power workers have as a result of lower unemployment/ 3. Firms immediately set prices as a markup over wages so prices increase by π1 4. The economy moves to the red point, with y=y1, π= π1, r=rs. 5. The central bank is now off its MR curve. Interest rates are assumed only to affect the economy with a one-period lag, so the CB needs to forecast where the PC will be in the next period. Actual inflation today is π1 so the CB knows expected inflation in the next period will be π1 so forecasts that the PC will be move to PC1. 6. The CB wants output on the intersection of this forecast PC with the MR curve (the blue point) in the next period. Should the CB choose the appropriate interest rate from IS0 or IS1? Since the interest rate change takes one period to have an effect, it could be argued that either of these is relevant. Period 2 1. The IS curve shifts back to IS0 2. The increase in interest rates in period 1 decreases the interest sensitive components of demand so moves the economy along the IS0 curve. Aggregate demand and output change to y2 3. Inflation last period was π1 so expectations are updated to reflect this. 4. Output is below equilibrium, so unemployment is higher and workers have less bargaining power. They increase their nominal wages by less than expected inflation to reflect this, by π2 < π1. The gap π2 – π1 is a measure of the lower bargaining power workers have as a result of higher unemployment. 5. Firms immediately set prices as a markup over wages so prices increase by π2 = π1-x1 and the actual real wage is again w0. 6. The economy moves to the blue point, with y=y2, π= π2, r=r1. 7. The central bank knows that expected inflation in the next period will equal actual inflation in the current period so forecasts that the PC will shift to PC2. 8. To get to the intersection of this forecast PC with the MR curve (the green point) in the next period the CB sets interest rates in this period to r2. From then on the CB guides the economy back down the MR curve to the medium run equilibrium with the PC shifting in each period as expectations are updated. Analysis in the model Time paths of variables (c) How would the path of the variables change if the shock was permanent? · The labour market and the path of inflation and output would be the same. However the central bank would need to choose higher interest rates on IS1. (d) How would the response of the central bank be different if it was unsure whether the shock was temporary or permanent? · A prudent approach would be to make the interest rate response a weighted average of the two possibilities, the weight depending on how likely the central bank thinks each possibility is. This would mean the economy is off the MR curve
CIV2235—STRUCTURAL MATERIALS Week 6 Practice Class Mechanical Properties of Structural Material Question 1 (5 marks) For a bronze alloy, the stress at which plastic deformation occurs is 275 MPa and the modulus of elasticity is 115 GPa . What is the maximum load that can be applied to a specimen with a cross-sectional area on 325 mm2 without plastic deformation? Question 2 (10 marks) Consider a cylindrical specimen of steel alloy (see figure 1), 8.5 mm in diameter and 80 mm long that is pulled in tension . Determine its elongation when a load of 65250 N is applied. Fig 1. (Source: W.D. Callister, Materials Science and Engineering An Introduction, 6th Ed.) Question 3 (40 marks) The results of a tensile test conducted using a metal specimen of 50 mm2 cross section and 30 cm gauge length is given in figure 2. Determine the yield stress, fracture stress, elastic modulus , ductility , modulus of resilience of the metal. Fig 2. The load at the point starting the plastic regime is 13500 N and the corresponding extension is 0.3 mm . Question 4 (20 marks) Draw the approximate expected tensile stress-strain curve for a material that has a yield stress of 100 MPa, an ultimate tensile stress of 150 MPa, an elastic modulus of 10 GPa, a ductility of 20%, and a uniform. elongation of 10% and a fracture stress of 80 MPa. Label all known points e.g. (strain, stress) Question 5 (5 marks) For the following problems, state whether the statement is True or False . 1. The modulus of resilience is a measure of the area under the elastic portion of a stress-strain curve . a . TRUE b. FALSE 2. The sound heard at fracture of a tension specimen is caused by the plastic energy stored in the bar . a . FALSE b. TRUE Question 6 (20 marks) A steel rod (E=200 GPa) has a circular cross section and is 10 m long. Determine the minimum diameter if the rod must hold a 30 kN tensile force without deforming more than 5mm. Assume the steel stays in the elastic region. Note, 1 GPa = 10^9 Pa . Question 7 (not marked, exercise) A tensile specimen with a 12 mm initial diameter and 60 mm gage length reaches maximum load at 90 kN and fractures at 70 kN. The minimum diameter at fracture is 10 mm . Determine: -- the engineering stress at maximum load (or the ultimate tensile strength) -- the true fracture stress -- true strain at fracture -- engineering strain at fracture
ECON 201 Midterm Exam Midterm Exam for Macroeconomics (75 Points) 1. Define the term resources, and list the four categories of resources. What characteristic of resources results in the need to make choices? Provide an example of a resource from each of the four categories of resources. 2. Refer to the graph below. Assume that the county is producing at point C. a. Does this country’s production possibilities curve exhibit increasing opportunity costs? Explain. b. If this country were to go to war, the most likely move would be from point C to which point? Explain. c. If the economy entered into a recession, the country would move from point C to which point? Explain. 3. Refer to the graph below to answer the following questions. a. What is the opportunity cost of a bushel of corn in each country? b. Which country has an absolute advantage in computer production? Explain. c. Which country has a comparative advantage in corn production? Explain. d. If each country specializes, what good will Country B import? Explain. e. What is the minimum price country A will accept to export corn to Country B? Explain. 4. Create a table with two hypothetical prices for a good and two corresponding quantities demanded. Choose the prices and quantities so that they illustrate the law of demand. Using your data, draw a correctly labeled graph showing the demand curve for the good. Using the same graph, illustrate an increase in demand for the good. 5. Tesla Motors makes sports cars powered by lithium batteries. a. Draw a correctly labeled graph showing a hypothetical supply curve for Tesla sports cars. b. On the same graph, show the effect of a major new discovery of lithium that lowers the price o lithium. c. Suppose Tesla Motors expects to be able to sell its cars for a higher price next month. Explain the effect that will have on the supply of Tesla cars this month.
AOS 2: Air Pollution Online Discussion Assignment #5, Week 8 1. (4 pts) Draw the temperature curve that a balloon with a temperature of 25°C at the ground will follow if we lift it to 1.5 km altitude for two cases: a) without condensation (dry) b) with condensation (saturated) (hint: the “curve” is a straight line) 2. (6 pts) Draw temperature curves dry air parcels that we release with temperatures of 22°C and 24°C at the ground. The ?-curve in the graph describes the environmental temperature profile. At what altitudes do these air parcels stop rising, or do they rise indefinitely? Explain. 3. (6 pts) Using the environmental temperature sounding at the right, answer the following questions. If we push the dry air parcel sitting at 0.5 km altitude and a temperature of 17°C up a short distance, is it going to sink, rise, or remain at this new altitude? Why? If we push the dry air parcel sitting at 0.5 km altitude and a temperature of 17°C down a short distance, is it going to sink, rise, or remain at this new altitude? Why? 4) (4 pts) Let’s look at the following four vertical temperature profiles over a city. In cities most pollutants, including CO, are emitted at the ground. The typical unpolluted CO levels at the ground are around 200 ppb, and should decrease somewhat with altitude due to dispersion. How might the vertical concentration profile of CO look like in the following four scenarios? Discuss your results with your classmates.
FinTech Project(Individual) Analyzing FinTech Innovations across Core Domains Description This final assignment for the FINA868-FinTech and Data Analysis course is designed to enhance your knowledge and analytical skills within the dynamic field of FinTech.The primary goal is to conduct an in-depth analysis of a selected FinTech company operating in a specific domain,such as PayTech,CreditTech, lnvestTech,InsurTech,or RegTech.The assignment requires you to evaluate the company's key innovations, challenges,and its potential for shaping the broaderfinancial ecosystem. Your analysis should focus on the company's core technologies,unique competitive positioning,and strategic approaches to overcoming challenges.Additionally,you will explore future trendswithin the chosen domain, considering emerging technologies,market developments,and regulatory changes.Based on your findings, you are expected to propose actionable and measurable recommendations for the company's growth, diversification,and sustainability. The assignment emphasizes structured,evidence-based analysis,following the provided template.It challenges you to apply FinTech concepts from the course while fostering critical thinking and research skills. A strong submission willdemonstrate your ability to connect theoretical knowledge with practical insights, effectively addressing real-world opportunities and obstacles within the FinTech landscape. Instructions The instructions outlined below provide detailed guidance on the requirements,submission process,and expectations for successfully completing the final assignment for FINA868-FinTech and Data Analysis. Type of Assignment:Individual Assignment ° Weight:40%of the final grade Assignment Submission: -Opens for access:11:55pm NZST,Tuesday,18 December 2024 - Due date:11:55pm NZST,Tuesday,28January 2025 -Time to complete:4 Weeks -Submit your assignment via Canvas in PDF or Word document format. -Ensure your file name includes your student ID and name(e.g. "123456_JaneDoe_FinTechAssignment"). -Late submissions will incur penalties as per the university's late submission policy. WordCount: 2,500-3,000 words(excluding references). °F inTechCompany and FinTech Domain Selection: -Appendix1below contains a list of FinTech companies and their corresponding FinTech Domains. -Choose a unique FinTech company for analysis from Appendix 1,or propose a company of your choice, ensuring no duplication(each student must select a unique company). -An Excel spreadsheet will be shared in the Teams group to log your selection(name,student ID, selected company,domain)by Friday,20 December 2024. -Changes to selected companies are not allowed after 20 December 2024. -For companies spanning multiple domains,clearlydefine your primary focus in the introduction(e.g, Revolut can be categorized as PayTech,CreditTech,and InvestTech;select one focus area for analysis). -Focus your analysis on the company's impact within the selected FinTech domain. Marking Rubric -Familiarize yourself with the rubric provided for this assignment. -Focus on addressing the key elements of each criterion outlined in the rubric. APA Style References: -Use credible academic and industry sources such as journal articles,industry reports,and reputable websites. - Ensure a minimum of 10 sources are cited in APA format. Plagiarism: -Ensure your work is original. -Cases of academic misconduct will be handled perthe university's integrity policy. Detailed Template and Guidelines The detailed template and guidelines below will help you structure your work and meet the assignment's academic and professional expectations. 1.INTRODUCTION(300-400 words) 1.1 Define FinTech In this section,explain what FinTech is and why it has become a critical component of modern financial services.Discuss its role in reshaping finance,enabling innovative solutions,and addressing gaps in traditional banking systems. Guiding Question:How does FinTech enhance financial services and contribute to global finance? 1.2 Overview of the Selected Domain Provide an overview of the chosen domain,such as PayTech,CreditTech,or WealthTech.Discuss its scope, key services,and its relevance to the financial services industry.Highlight its transformative impact on the way financial services are delivered. Guiding Question:Why is this domain significant,and how does it address challenges in the financial sector? 1.3 Introduction to the Chosen Company Introduce the selected company,detailing its mission,vision,and core offerings.Discuss why this company was chosen,focusing on its innovative role and relevance tothe domain. Guiding Question:What makes this company a noteworthy case study in the FinTech space? 2.ANALYSIS(1200-1500 words) 2.1 Key Innovations Analyze the company's primary technologies,products,or services and how they contribute to its success. Examine the technical processes it employs and how these differentiate it from competitors. Guiding Questions: ● What are the company's core innovations,and how have they impacted the domain? ● What technical tools or processes set this company apart? 2.2 Challenges and Solutions Evaluate the challenges faced by the company,such as competition,regulation,or scalability.Discuss the strategies implemented to address these challenges and assess theireffectiveness. Guiding Questions: ● What are the company's key operational or strategic challenges? ● How successfully has the company addressed these issues? 3.FUTURE TRENDS (700-800 words) 3.1 Emerging Technologies Explore emerging technologies or innovations that could shape the future of the domain and assess their potential impact on the company and stakeholders. Guiding Questions: ● What technological advancements are likely to influence the domain? ● How should the company prepare for these changes? 3.2 Recommendations Provide actionable strategies for the company to maintain its market position or diversify its offerings.Ensure recommendations are specific,measurable,and directly address the company's challenges and opportunities. Guiding Questions: ● What steps should the company take to capitalize on future opportunities? ● What measurable outcomes can be expected from these recommendations? 4.CONCLUSION (300-400 words) Summarize your analysis,highlighting the company's key contributions,challenges,and potential impact on the FinTech domain.Reflect on the company's role as a FinTech pioneer and its alignment with broader industry trends. Guiding Questions: ● What are the keytakeaways from your analysis? ● How does this company represent the evolution of FinTech?
Object Oriented Programming ITS63304 FINAL EXAMINATION SEPTEMBER 2024 SEMESTER MLO 3: Develop appropriate algorithms and programs using problem-solving and object-oriented programming skills for a given scenario. QUESTION 1: To streamline the operations and improve patient care, you are hired to develop a hospital management system The system includes core functionalities for managing patient admissions, doctor consultations, pharmacy operations, and billing. In the expected system, patients can register for appointments, specify their medical concerns, and view doctor availability. Upon admission, patient records are managed, including personal details, medical history, and treatment plans. The integrated pharmacy allows doctors to prescribe medicines, which are then managed through the system. Pharmacy staff can view medicine stock levels, process prescriptions, and update inventory. The system also supports billing for both hospital services and pharmacy purchases. The system will essentially include: 1. A patient admission module that manages patient details, admission dates, assigned doctors, and treatment histories. 2. A pharmacy module to track medicines, their availability, and pricing. 3. A reporting module to track hospital and pharmacy operations, such as admissions, discharged patients, and medicine stock usage. In addition to the above system requirements, the implemented system should also be able to perform the below tasks. 1. In the system, the manager needs to check the treatment histories of all admitted patients. Use a for loop to display the treatment records of each patient. Assume you have an array of 50 patient objects in the hospital. 2. Patients want to check the price details of commonly prescribed medicines. The medicines include "Paracetamol: RM 10 per pack", "Amoxicillin: RM 25 per pack", and Cough Syrup: RM 15 per bottle". You are required to use a switch statement to display the price for a selected medicine. 3. The hospital management wants to enhance patient comfort by customizing the amenities in patient rooms. For managing amenities, design a class called AmenityManager with the following functionalities: • A constructor that initializes the manager with an amenity name and its description. • A method named assignAmenityToRoom that links an amenity to a specific room, storing it in the room's amenity list. • A method named removeAmenityFromRoom that unlinks an amenity from a specific room. • A method named listAmenitiesPerRoom that retrieves and displays all amenities assigned to a given room. Hints: • You can make any logical assumptions if needed, clearly state them in the report. • You must use the object-oriented programming approach, for example, classes, objects interaction, encapsulation (access modifiers), and basic programming principles where appropriate. • You must create a main class for a demonstration and testing. • The developed program/application must be executable. • Follow the provided marking rubrics to complete your tasks. Submission Guidelines: 1. REPORT: You are required to submit a report in PDF format. a. The cover page must include your Full Student Name, Student ID, Signature, and marking rubrics. b. Briefly describe the overall design of your developed application. c. You are required to provide the screenshots of code along with appropriate description. d. You are also required to provide the screenshots of output along with appropriate description. At least one of the output screenshots must indicate your Full Name and Student ID. e. The number of pages should not exceed 20-25 pages. 2. SOURCE CODE: You are required to submit the source code as a project zip file. The code must include appropriate comments where required. a. You are required to use only the concepts that have been covered in the module. b. Use of JavaFX is not allowed. You are required to develop a console application.
[Research Project (Marketing)] [N1628] Module Assessments Breakdown ● This module requires independent work from the study in designing research questions and research methodology, collecting and analysing data and presenting research in a variety of format. ● Students gets one-to-one support from the supervisor in their research journey. Mode Brief Description Length Research Plan Research Plan/Proposal 2000 words (+/- 10%) Dissertation Poster Poster A1/A4 size Dissertation Dissertation 7500 words (+/- 10%) In the following, each of these assessments is explained in detail. Assessments 1 - Research Plan/Proposal Link to Module Learning Outcomes This assessment is linked to the following learning outcomes: 1. Be able to select a suitable topic and research question(s) for investigation in the management field. 2. Investigate and address a research question in a systematic and appropriate fashion. 3. Design research project and methods for collecting information. Preparation • Word count: 2000 words (+/- 10%). • The word count excludes bibliography and tables and figures. • Use Harvard style referencing Submission ● E-submissions of a word document. Marking Criteria ● Marks within the ranges set out below are used to differentiate work within the particular criteria indicated for the range of marks. ● The criteria stated are indicative, and good work relative to one aspect of a criterion may compensate for less good work relative to another aspect of that criterion. Dimension (Weight %) Mark Band Mark Band Descriptor Introduction/ Background (20%) 17-20 Comprehensive/detailed knowledge of topic with areas of specialisation is depth and awareness of provisional nature of knowledge, clearly links to the research problem and research gap 14-16 Reasonable knowledge of topic and an awareness of a variety of ideas/contexts/frame-works 11-13 Has given a factual and/or conceptual knowledge base and appropriate terminology 8-10 Evidence of limited knowledge of topic and some use of appropriate terminology 0- 7 Lacks evidence of knowledge relevant to the topic and/or significantly misuses terminology Research Question (20%) 17-20 Very clear and precise question or topic, highly relevant to understanding of management, title clear and fully explanatory of research question, topic interesting and likely to be manageable within constraints of time. 14-16 Clear and well-stated research question or topic, interesting and relevant for understanding of management, adequately described by title. 11-13 Research question stated imprecisely, relevance to management not clear or not fully justified, title imprecise, topic may be too basic or too ambitious. 8-10 Research question difficult to identify, little relevance to management, title does not describe research adequately, topic likely to be too basic or too ambitious. 0- 7 No obvious research question or topic, not relevant to management, title confusing, topic clearly too basic or too ambitious. Theory and Literature (20%) 17-20 Theory clearly stated and fully relevant to research question. Literature review clearly structured and shows full awareness of prior research and relevant materials. Citations and references consistently in proper form. 14-16 Theory clearly stated and relevant to research question. Literature review well- structured and shows awareness of prior research and relevant materials, though some less relevant material may be referred to. Citations and references almost all in proper form. 11-13 Theory stated imprecisely, relevance to research question not clear. Literature review somewhat unstructured, prior research covered only at basic level, some irrelevant material included. Some inaccuracies in citation and referencing. 8-10 Little relevant theoretical basis. Unstructured literature review with significant gaps. Citation and referencing haphazard, with some citations unreferenced. 0- 7 No theoretical basis (and no explanation for omission). Literature coverage very rudimentary,with clear gaps. Citation and referencing unsystematic or omitted. Research Method (20%) 17-20 Research method fully appropriate to research question and clearly explained. 14-16 Research method appropriate (though not necessarily best method) and clearly explained. 11-13 Research method relevant for research question though explanation unclear. 8-10 Research method possibly relevant for research question, explanation and justification vague. 0- 7 Research method inappropriate for research question, explanation missing or confusing. Overall Assessment (20%) 17-20 Very promising research proposal, very well structured, clearly written and presented in professional manner, giving a coherent and integrated impression of planned research. 14-16 Very good research proposal, well-structured and presented - proposal may not be fully integrated. 11-13 Satisfactory research proposal - some elements may be vague, inconsistent and/or impractical. 8-10 Acceptable proposal overall, though with significant gaps and/or issues of practicality. 0- 7 Unacceptable proposal. There are crucial omissions and/or confusions, making the proposed research unlikely to be feasible. Interpreting Marks • You can interpret your mark using this table. Assessments 2 - Dissertation Poster Link to Module Learning Outcomes This assessment is specifically linked to the following learning outcome: • Collect, describe and analyse a relevant set of qualitative or quantitative data, in the case of empirically-based projects. Preparation • Feedback from the proposal is feed-forwarded to the poster. Submission • E-submission of a PDF file. Interpreting Marks • You can interpret your mark using this table. Assessments 3 - Dissertation Link to Module Learning Outcomes This assessment is linked to the following learning outcomes: 1. Be able to select a suitable topic and research question(s) for investigation in the management field. 2. Investigate and address a research question in a systematic and appropriate fashion. 3. Design research project and methods for collecting information. 4. Collect, describe and analyse a relevant set of qualitative or quantitative data, in the case of empirically-based projects. 5. Communicating research in diverse ways. Preparation • Feedback from the dissertation poster is feed forwarded to the dissertation. • Word count: 7500 (+/- 10%) • The word count excludes bibliography and tables and figures. • Use Harvard style referencing Submission ● E-submission of word document Indicative Marking Criteria ● Here are the indicative detailed marking criteria.
Research Process TECH3030 5 ECTS Module 1: Qualitative methods Tasks Preliminary task: basics of qualitative methods Answer the following questions with the help of the summary description below and in addition to literature listed in Moodle (under qualitative module). The length of the answer must be 1-2 pages and include references. 1. What are the basic characteristics of qualitative research methods? 2. How to evaluate quality of qualitative research? Master’s or doctoral thesis review 3. Find a master’s or doctoral thesis, which is interesting to you for which qualitative methods are used, and make a review of the research with the help of the answers of the questions 1 and 2. The length of the answer must be 1-2 pages and include references. You may also consider the following: a. What is the thesis about?(very brief summary of the background) b. Identify the research question(s) c. Are there some stated objectives of the study? d. Can you identify the main theory? e. Can you identify the method applied in answering the research question? f. Do you see any connection to the keywords and literature review? Identifying a good research questionnaire 4. What are the characteristics of a good research questionnaire? See the list of studies in the end of this document and literature in the Moodle. What is qualitative research? Qualitative research is linked to in-depth exploratory studies (exploring, for example, why students pick a particular module to study), where the opportunity for ‘quality’ responses exist. Denzin and Lincoln (1994: 2) hold that qualitative research involves studying ‘things in their natural settings, attempting to make sense of, or interpret, phenomena in terms of the meanings people bring to them’ In general, quantitative research answers the how questions, whereas the why questions are left to qualitative research. Of course, the reality is that it is rare that professional researchers, and dissertation students for that matter, stick to only collecting and analyzing either quantitative or qualitative data. They usually mix and match (Myers, 1997) A student could be interested in quantitative issues such as how many postgraduate students picked a particular module for the taught part of their course, the number that passed that module, as well as qualitative matters such as why students selected the module in the first place and what they liked/disliked about the module. This mix of quantitative/qualitative questions is common in everyday life: someone might ask you if you attended so-and-so’s party at the weekend (begging a quantitative y/n response) but also enquire what you thought of the party (encouraging a qualitative answer). A common mistake by students A common mistake by students is to equate research strategies with quantitative or qualitative research. Too many students think that it is the research strategy that determines whether their research is quantitative, or qualitative, in nature. For instance, it is common for students to relate surveys to quantitative research and case studies to qualitative research. Although it is generally true that a case study, for example, suggests a qualitative study and that a survey, for example, suggests a quantitative piece of research, it is not necessarily the case. It is not the research strategy – case study, survey, experimental, action research, etc. – that determines whether or not your empirical study is quantitative or qualitative in nature: that is dependent on a combination of your research strategy, your individual research objectives and your data collection technique(s). Suppose that you decide to do a case study of one university in Paris (e.g. the Sorbonne). A case study is normally associated with an in-depth exploratory study, so a case study of one university in Paris must be a qualitative study, yes? Well, not necessarily. If your case study was intended to determine issues surrounding pass rates, such as the number of students passing each module, the progression rates for different courses and years, including direct entrants, and that you want to collect your data through the use of closed questionnaires, then the nature of this research would be quantitative in nature because the research objectives relate mainly to how questions (how many students passed each module, etc.) and because questionnaires limit the opportunity for in-depth exploratory responses, tending to yield answers that are easily quantifiable (six people said this, four said that, etc.). On the other hand, you could implement a survey of universities in France, but instead of focusing on how many students failed modules, etc., you could focus on why students are failing, and collect your data through interviews. The ‘why’ nature of the research and the use of interviews – where the opportunity to explore matters in depth exists – provide evidence that the research would now be primarily qualitative in nature. Case study Researches can use questionnaires also in the following situations: - As a part of case study as a part of collecting of various kinds of data To help a student understand the parameters involved in a case study, first read the material in module titled: The value of the case study as a research strategy by Charles Schell. Then answer the following question. The length of the answer must be 2-3 pages and include references. o What is a case study? o What are the 2 types of Case Studies usually applied by researchers? Explain o How are data collected for a Case Study? o What are the key justifications for Case Study as a research strategy? (singular/plural) o What are the popular criticisms of Case Study? o What should you take into account when designing a Case Study? o Name and explain each of the 4 tests of reliability and validity? References and some literature for students Denzin, N. K. and Lincoln, Y. S. (2000). Handbook of Qualitative Research, 2nd edition, Thousand Oaks. Schell, C. (1992). The Value of the Case Study as a Research Strategy. Manchester Business School Silverman, D. (1997). Interpreting Qualitative Data: Methods for Analyzing Talk, Text and Interaction, London: Sage.
SIM1002 Calculus I Assignment Answer ALL questions. Q1. Differentiate the following: (a) f(x) = |x− 5|, where x ≠ 5, (b) esiny tan x = y3 +ln(cos x). Q2. Prove that x/ln x ≤ e/1 for all values of ? > 0. Q3. If ? = 3 sin bx − a cos 2x, where a and b are positive constants. Find the values of a and b if y + dx2/d2y = 6 cos 2x. Q4. By using the Chain rule, prove the following statement. (a) The derivative of an even function is an odd function. (b) The derivative of an odd function is an even function. Q5. Given x2 + 2xy + y2 = 1. Find dx/dy and dx2/d2y. Q6. If F(x) = √1 + 5x. Find the coordinates of the point(s) on the graph of F where the normal line is parallel to the line 4x + 5Y = 1. Q7. Use the Mean Value Theorem to show that sin x < x for 0 < x < 2π. Q8. Given that a fixed point of a function f is a number ? in its domain such that f(a) = a. Use the Intermediate Value Theorem to show that any continuous function with domain [0,1] and range in [0,1] must have a fixed point. Q9. Given f(x) = x2−x−2/x+2. Identify any local maximum and minimum point(s) of f(x) (if there is any). Find all the intervals of concavity and inflection point(s) of f(x) (if there is any). Q10. State all asymptotes of the f(x) in Q9 and Sketch the graph of y = x2−x−2/x+2 by using the results from Q9.
INFOSYS110 INFORMATION SYSTEMS Digital Systems SUMMER SEMESTER, 2021 SECTION A: APPLIED MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS ● Answer ALL questions in this section. ● There are 20 applied multiple choice questions. Each question is worth 2.5 marks. ● Choose the one answer that you consider to be the best. ● To indicate your answer, use a dark pencil (or a pen) to shade in neatly the matching bubble on the Teleform sheet. 1. MONT, a cosmetics retailer, wishes to implement a centralised data warehouse. Their CEO is convinced that it is a competitive necessity in today’s business world. MONT has ten stores across New Zealand plus an online store. MONT’s CEO has recently learned about the “garbage in, garbage out” (GIGO) problem and wants to avoid having garbage in MONT’s data warehouse. What could MONT do to reduce the GIGO problem in their data warehouse? a. Implement an enterprise architecture with a resilient information architecture b. Check for viruses and security threats at each store c. Do nothing since GIGO only applies to databases, not data warehouses d. Attempt to cleanse/transform. the data extracted from its various stores before loading it into the data warehouse e. Design a very robust data warehouse 2. A salesperson of a retail store is more likely to review sales reports with a granularity rather than with a granularity, compared to a manager of the retail chain. a. Coarse; fine b. Strategic; tactical c. Vertical; horizontal d. Tactical; operational e. Fine; coarse 3. Consider this: If your lecturer told your friend your test mark, is the most relevant principle of information security that has been violated. a. Privacy b. Non-repudiation c. Confidentiality d. Integrity e. Availability 4. With regards to decision making, the time between a student submitting an assignment on Canvas and a lecturer returning the graded assignment to the student is known as: a. Action latency b. Data latency c. Decision latency d. Assignment latency e. Analysis latency 5. As briefly discussed in the lectures, students can view their marked scripts in Crowdmark/Canvas using a web browser on a PC. Considering these systems’ technologies: the web browser is ; the PC is ; and scripts are received from Crowdmark/Canvas’ DBMS using . a. Software; networks; hardware b. Hardware; software; software c. All of the options are valid as software, hardware, and network components are interchangeable d. Software; hardware; networks e. Hardware; networks; software 6. In 2012, Microsoft launched Microsoft YouthSpark, a youth-serving initiative offering free programmes and resources devoted to educational, entrepreneurial and employment opportunities. This is an example of activities performed at which level of the Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility? a. Philanthropic responsibilities b. Ethical responsibilities c. Legal responsibilities d. Communitywide responsibilities e. Educational responsibilities 7. Target analysed the products that women added to their baby shower registries to determine which products women bought when they were pregnant. This allowed them to determine a pregnancy prediction score which they used to target their advertising. The data mining technique associated with recommending products based on purchase history is known as: a. Cluster Analysis b. Classification Analysis c. Association Detection d. Regression Analysis e. Outlier Detection 8. If a University of Auckland employee wants to log in to the University’s HR system, they have to enter their UPI, password, followed by a code sent to their smartphones. This is an example of: a. Passphrasing b. Access Control c. Two-factor authentication d. One-factor authentication e. Authorisation 9. Consider the Heathrow T5 case discussed in the lecture. The opening day for Terminal 5 was a disaster with dozens of flights cancelled and staff having to deal with a backlog of 15,000 bags. This was because the phase of the SDLC of the project did not consider real-world conditions. a. Maintenance b. Testing c. Operations d. Implementation e. Analysis 10.A hairdresser decided to bring his store online by selling his organic hair dye concoctions via apps to attract more customers. To make this a reality, he hired an app designer, and he emphasised that the app should be designed to allow for ease of navigation and maintenance. Which of the following two measures of what constitutes a quality of system did he emphasise on? a. Reliability and Supportability b. Functionality and Supportability c. Usability and Supportability d. Usability and Reliability e. Usability and Performance Consider the case below to answer the following three questions (11-13): In Dec 2014, the German government published a report detailing an attack on a steel plant by a group of cybercriminals. The attack began with the attackers sending targeted emails that appear to come from a trusted source, tricking the recipients into opening a .exe file attachment where a program is downloaded to their computer. The program downloaded enabled the attackers to infiltrate the plant’s control system, turning off the fire detection and extinguishing systems resulting in a fiery explosion. Adapted from:https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-30575104 11. In which security domain(s) has/have this breach of information security occurred? a. Ethical and physical b. Digital only c. Physical only d. Ethical and digital e. Physical and digital 12. The email sent is a form of: a. Cyber threat b. Genuine email c. Hacking attack d. Phishing attack e. Technical engineering attack 13. Which of the following is most likely to be the nature of the .exe file attachment? a. A Hackathon b. A Tapeworm c. A Phish d. A HTTP Cookie e. A Trojan Horse Consider the diagram below to answer the following three questions (14-16): 14. The author Sally Hemmings used which publisher? a. City Light Books b. O’Reilly Press c. Random House d. Fluid Dynamics of Aquaducts e. Wiley and Sons 15. How many records are on display? a. 12 b. 15 c. 44 d. Impossible to tell e. 3 16. If some of the “Date” values were missing from the table, this would compromise which measure(s) of information quality? a. Consistency and completeness b. Completeness c. Timeliness d. Accuracy e. Accuracy and completeness 17. In class, we discussed that disruptive technologies “shake up” existing markets and often result in new markets. Businesses in the “shaken up” markets are forced to respond in order to remain competitive and sustainable. Businesses whose enterprise architectures are founded on the principle(s) of are best prepared to respond. a. Scalability b. Speed and quality c. Flexibility and agility d. Data security e. Ease of use 18. Due to climate change, farmers are increasingly reliant on sensors to collect real-time weather data to help make better weather predictions. These sensors are valuable in assisting the farmers to save costs and make proactive decisions, for example, notifying farmers to irrigate the farm only when needed. This is an example of putting the Internet of Things to work via: a. Process Optimisation b. Optimised resource consumption c. Enhanced situational awareness d. Complex autonomous system e. Tracking behaviour Consider the Excel Sheet below to answer the following two questions (19 & 20): 19. What formula should be entered in cell E8 to help retrieve the lowest Price (per kg)? a. =MIN(B2:B10) b. = MINIMUM(B2:B10) c. =LOWEST(B2:B10) d. =MINIMUM(B1:B10) e. =MINIMISE(B2:B10) 20. Which formula should be entered in cell E6, in order to look up the price for cherries? a. =VLOOKUP(A6,A1:B10,2, TRUE) b. =VLOOKUP(B6,A2:B10,1, TRUE) c. =VLOOKUP(A6,A1:B10,1, FALSE) d. =VLOOKUP(A6,A2:B10,1, TRUE) e. =VLOOKUP(A6,A2:B10,2,FALSE) SECTION B: SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS Refer to the Exam Case at the end of this booklet to answer ALL questions in this section. 21. LeanVision’s food waste management process is outlined below. The kitchen staff member places the food into the bin. LeanVision’s smart camera proceeds to scan the food to identify whether it is a new food item or a previously identified food item. If a new food waste is being identified, LeanVision will then prompt the kitchen staff member to enter the food type. Once the food type is identified, LeanVision will proceed to capture a picture of the food, weigh the food and send details through to the central system for reporting and analysis. If the food item has already been previously scanned, LeanVision will automatically identify and weigh it. As LeanVision’s identification accuracy improves as it learns, staff will be prompted to verify the identified food waste if this particular food item has only been previously scanned less than 5 times. If a specific food waste has been scanned more than 5 times, staff will no longer be prompted as LeanVision can now independently identify the type. After LeanVision saves details of this food waste, LeanVision will run a quick analysis to determine whether it is a high waste item. If so, LeanVision will send a notification to the kitchen manager. If it is not a high waste item, LeanVision will send details to the central system for reporting and analysis. In the process map template (found in your answer booklet), fill in the blanks (A to J) using the following options (write the corresponding numbers into the boxes on the template): 1.Food 2.Kitchen 3.Has the food 4.High waste 5.Food enters scanning prompted type been item? bin confirmed for >=5 times? 6.New food? 7.Details sent to central system for reporting and analysis 8.Kitchen manager notified 9.Quick analysis 10.Details of food waste saved (10 marks) 22. Consider the use of LeanVision by All Seasons (in the test case): • Outline THREE functionalities of LeanVision. • Information systems consist of interwoven components that deliver value. Provide an example of each component for LeanVision. • Briefly justify which broad system would LeanVision be part of. (10 marks) 23. Reflecting on the numerous data and insights generated by LeanVision: • Identify ONE example of “Transactional” and “Analytical” information that can be generated from the use of LeanVision. • Identify FOUR examples of data inputs for each type of information generated above. • Suggest what insight All Seasons gains (or could gain) from each information in order to generate value for its business. (10 marks) 24. With the immensely positive outcomes seen from the incorporation of LeanVision in All Seasons’ central store in Portland, All Seasons has decided to further invest in deploying the LeanVision system in 10 of its other stores. Thomas, the project manager overseeing the project has been allocated with a budget of $200 million. The project is scheduled to commence on the 1st of March 2021. All activities must be completed by the 30th of March 2023. Thomas and his team discussed, and all agreed that the project is feasible. However, shortly after the start of the project, Thomas was told by his manager that All Seasons had changed their mind, and they now want to implement LeanVision in all their stores, instead of just the 10 stores initially selected. Identify the initially agreed upon and the revised time, cost, and scope constraints of this project. Suggest one way Thomas can “balance” the constraints of this project. Also, briefly discuss the impact of your suggestion on the “quality” of the project. (8 marks) 25. In this course we have frequently discussed how information systems and technologies (IS/IT) and operations management (OM) techniques, when used well, generate business value. For each of the categories of value below, provide an example of how All Seasons’s use and/or planned use of LeanVision help generate value for itself, or its customers. • Reduce process cycle time • Reduce Costs • Increase Customer Satisfaction • Create new revenue streams For each example, provide: • a specific key performance indicator (KPI) to measure that value; and • a benchmark, which All Seasons could compare the KPI against. (12 marks) Test Case - LeanVision: Solution to Preventing and Reducing Food Waste All Seasons is a gourmet grocer based in Portland, with 21 stores along the West Coast. It consists of a wide range of high quality organic and locally produced goods, and it also operates a central kitchen that produces 20 thousand loaves of bread, pastry items and prepared foods daily. All Seasons has always been focused on lessening its impact on the planet. It had been tracking food waste manually before automating the process by implementing LeanVision. Now in the fifth month of using LeanVision, All Seasons has prevented over 40,000 kilograms of food from being wasted: a reduction of 22 percent of its wastes. LeanVision is a food-waste-prevention system that combines automated software with a tablet interface, a smart weighing bin with a camera attached. As unsold food is thrown straight into the garbage can, LeanVision’s camera detects and identifies the food discarded. The garbage bin sits on top of a scale, allowing the system to know just how much food is being tossed. As the system learns through time, LeanVision recognises different foods being thrown in the bin and calculates the discarded food's financial cost. LeanVision then uses the information collected to produce regular reports with calculations of the overall volume, value and environmental impact of the waste. With these reports readily at hand, chefs and kitchen managers can then see what foods they are making too much of. Furthermore, with All Season’s automated inventory management system being linked to LeanVision, the system has better enabled All Seasons to reorder products accordingly, by buying only the products when they need it, and in turn, reduces food wastes. As LeanVision learns the kitchen’s daily operations, LeanVision also gives further insights into high waste items. For example, one of the high waste items the LeanVision data identified was Baby Cos lettuce waste from spoilage and trimmings. All Seasons’ manager, Griffin, and her team took the initial data and decided to retrain the prepping staff on the lettuce production to ensure full usage. This is followed by the implementation of new quality checks. LeanVision helped track the results of these efforts, accompanied by visualisations of discarded lettuces. With these reports at hand, Griffin quickly realised that the root of the problem was the supplier, which led to her decision to switch to a different supplier who delivers better quality Baby Cos lettuce. As a result, the kitchen orders a lower quantity or lettuces and is spending fewer labour hours prepping because they are now getting higher yield per head of lettuce. Nevertheless, All Seasons could soon add value to its business by incorporating LeanVision’s new analytical feature to refine its menu recommendations based on the weather forecast and customers’ food preferences. This, in turn, would delight customers by making sure that their go- to products will be freshly made and available. All Seasons would also benefit from this by avoiding under- and over-production of certain food items and increased sales. Adapted from:https://blog.leanpath.com/new-seasons-grocery-food-waste-case-study https://foodtank.com/news/2020/04/how-winnow-is-using-artificial-intelligence-to-help-kitchens- end-food-waste/
ECON 201 Section 2 Handout 5-1 (10 points) Consider the market for movie tickets. Ask three friends, “At a price of $10 per movie ticket, how many tickets would you buy in a month?” Allow them to believe that there are an ample number of movies they will want to see in the theater and that they should include tickets for friends to go with them, if they want to buy those. Continue questioning the same three students for each price level in the chart below. Ask the classmates what other things they considered when deciding how many tickets they would buy. Record their answers here. Add the quantities of tickets each classmate will buy at each price level (i.e., add the numbers across the rows). Record this sum in the last column. What happens to the number of tickets each student will buy as the price falls? Draw the market demand curve on the graph below. Be sure to label the axes. Handout 5-2 (10 points) Shifts and Movements Along the Demand Curve Decide whether the following examples indicate a shift of the demand curve or a movement along the demand curve. Mark the correct column. Example Movement along the demand curve A shift in the demand curve 1. Mammoth Mountain hikes the price for ski tickets and sales plummet. 2. Lack of snow keeps the skiers away. 3. An excise tax increases the price on cigarettes and causes younger smokers to quit. 4. Cutting cigarette ads from TV causes cigarette smoking among teens to fall. 5. Nike sales fall as Sketchers shoes gain popularity. 6. The high price of Nike Air Jordans mean a small number of teenagers buying them. 7. Mortgage rates are at an all-time low, and new home loan applications soar. 8. A booming economy spurs home sales. Handout 6-1 (10 points) Consider the market for movie tickets. Ask three classmates, “At a wage of $50 per hour, how many hours (between 0 and 40) would you work a week?” Continue questioning the same three students for each wage level in the chart below. Student1Nameof Student 3$50302010521.As home prices rise, more people put out aForSalesign.2. , sell.3.College grads avoid teachingjobs as starti banschools chase away prospective Asthepriceofairlineticketsrises add more flights.6.Thepriceofjetfueldropsandairlines expandthenumberofflights Handout 6-3 (8 points) A Ticket Shortage Imagine the following scenario: You are responsible for a concert on campus and have sold out all the tickets at $20 apiece. Unfortunately, there are 100 students outside the concert who still want to get in and are angry and frustrated. Answer the following questions: 1. Is $20 the equilibrium price? 2. How do you remedy the ticket shortage? 3. Label each of the following graphs to identify what kind of solution it represents for the ticket shortage. 4. Which solution would fans prefer? Concert organizers? Handout 7-1 (6 points) Applying Analysis to a News Article: Supply and Demand Using an article from a newspaper, magazine, or relevant online source that is about a specific market and that indicates a change in price of the product. 1. Identify the relevant market. 2. Describe the nature of the change in the market: shift in demand or shift in supply. 3. Describe the direction of the shift. 4. Describe what induced the shift. 5. Indicate the effect of the shift on the equilibrium market price. 6. Indicate when you can predict the change in the equilibrium quantity, and indicate when you cannot. Handout 7-2 (10 Points) Changes in the Equilibrium Price Fill in the blanks.
SURF TRIP PLANNING: ASSIGNMENT 4 – WAVES GEOGRAPHY 20, FALL 2024 Due: Sunday, November 3, 11pm The final step in planning your trip is to investigate various aspects of waves in your area. The quality of waves at any given break depends on a large number of factors and it is perfectly reasonable to say that any two waves at the same break are never the same. The factors affecting wave quality include swell characteristics (captured in the directional wave spectrum), how far the swell has traveled before making it to shore, wave refraction (depends on wave period), tide (near shore refraction and shoaling), and local winds. In this assignment you will focus on a few of these factors and you will apply some of the material from lectures and the reading to conduct a rudimentary analysis of swell propagation to refraction. This analysis will complement your work from last week but will be more specific in terms of the time scale and spatial scale. There are three activities: 1) construct a swell window for your surf destination, 2) locate the most likely area where storms will be located during your visit and estimate approximate wind speeds; 3) estimate wave characteristics that will develop from a given wind speed, and based on those characteristics how long it will take the swell from the storm to reach your destination; and 4) investigate the bathymetry and develop a rough idea about near shore refraction and how it will influence the swell. Activities: I. Constructing a swell window: In the previous assignments you have been researching a general stretch of coastline near the random point you were given at the beginning of the quarter. In this assignment you need to focus on a particular break. Some of you will have a “Wannasurf” named break near you but others will have to pick a particular break based on the coastal structure and bathymetry that is visible from satellite imagery. You can also make your choice based on whether you prefer rocky point breaks or less structured but less hazardous beach break. In the last part of this assignment you will have to analyze wave refraction so you may want to consider that aspect in selecting your break. Once you have selected a particular break, follow the instructions below to find the swell window and visualize it in Google Earth. (1) Surf break coordinates: Open Google Earth and locate the surf break you want to analyze. You can find the latitude and longitude coordinates for the break in two ways: 1) click on the yellow thumbtack in the menu bar, and then drag the thumbtack until it is directly on your break; or 2) hold the cursor over the break and the coordinates will be shown at the bottom of the Google Earth window. The coordinates will be expressed in degrees, minutes, seconds. Write them down on a piece of paper or copy and paste them into a text document. Example: If you do this for Campus Point, you will find coordinates as latitude 34o 24′ 16.69”N and longitude 119o 50′ 39.16”W. (2) Coordinates for obstructions to wave energy: Zoom out so that you can see your surf break’s location relative to major surrounding land masses or islands that will block energy from reaching your break. Imagine a line in the ocean from your break that is tangent to (or just touches) the land mass at a single point. Record the latitude and longitude at that point of tangency. Repeat that exercise for the northernmost extent of exposure and the southernmost extent of exposure so that you have found two pairs of coordinates. Example: For Campus Point’s western swell window you would select one point near Point Concep- tion (34o 26′ 30.90”N,120o 27′ 7.63”W) and another point tangent to the north side of San Miguel Island ( 34o 3′ 42.19”N, 120o 25′ 16.52”W). (3) Calculate bearing: Open to the GPS Visualizer (http://www.gpsvisualizer.com/calculators). Use the tool to Calculate the great circle distance between two points by entering your the coordinates for you your break as Lat1,Lon1 and for one of the tangency points from the step above for Lat2,Lon2 Click on the distance button Distance-> and the tool will return a bearing and a distance. Write down (or copy) the bearing and then scroll down to the Find the coordinates at a given distance and bearing tool. Enter the coordinates for your break as the starting Lat, Lon, enter 8000 for the distance, and paste the heading in the Bearing box, then click the arrow to calculate. On the right side of the tool the is a button labelled Draw Map and a pulldown menu for output format. Set output format to google earth and the click on Draw Map. It will open up a new page with the option to download a KML file. Save it to your disk. Now repeat the same steps for the other point (if you started with the northern obstruction then repeat for the southern) so that you have saved bearings and two KMZ files. Go to Google Earth (or reopen it if you closed it), navigate to the KMZ files and double-click them and they will open in GE. Example: For Campus Point’s northern extent I entered ( 34o 3′ 42.19”N, 120o 25′ 16.52”W) for Lat1, Lon1 and Point Conception (34o 26′ 30.90”N,120o 27′ 7.63”W) for Lat2, Lon2 as shown below. The northernmost bearing of swells that will directly reach Campus Point is 274 .424o. Using the campus point coordinate and the bearing, I create a line on that bearing stretching 8000km. After repeating the exercise for the San Miguel Island southern boundary of the swell window, I find that the western swell window for Campus Point is approximately (234o , 274o ) and I can display the result by opening the saved KMZ files in Google Earth. For Part I you should include in your write-up: 1) coordinates of the surf spot, 2) coordinates of the northernmost boundary, 3) coordinates of the southernmost boundary, 4) northern and southern bearings, and 5) a screen shot of the swell window from Google Earth. II. Storm → Wind Speed: In the last assignment you should have selected a month when you plan to make your surf trip. Now you will look more closely at the storm generation area that should feed swells towards your surf destination and speculating about the wind speed for a hypothetical storm. Follow the steps below. (1) Long term trends in wind speed: After creating the swell windows in the previous activity, the next step is to assess the potential for storms within the window during the season you plan to visit. Go to the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP), Atmospheric Variables Plotting Page (http: //www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/histdata/). You will see an interface that allows you to select a date range, variable, analysis level, plot type, and map domain. For the date range enter the first date and last date for your trip but with the year set to 2016. For example if you plan to visit some time in August, then enter 20160801 as the start date and 20160831 as the end date. For the Map Domain select “Custom” and “Cylindrical Equidistant” projection. Set the values for lowest lat, highest lat, western-most longitude, and eastern-most longitude to define a box that contains you surf destination and the swell window. If you are in the southern hemisphere then the lowest lat should not be set below -60. For the other parameters select Which variable= “Vector Winds”; Analysis level= “Surface/Other”; Plot type= “Climatology”; and Shading Type= “Shaded w/overlying Contours” . Click on “Create Plot” and a new page will open with your plot. The vector wind plot contains the long-run average wind speed (meters per second) and direction (indicated by arrows) for the date range you selected. (2) Hypothetical storm: Use the plot and the swell windows to get a rough idea of the windspeeds and directions within the swell window. The long run averages will not reflect the wind speeds that can be achieved in a specific storm but will indicate where storms and strong winds are most likely to occur. Select a latitude and longitude coordinate within the swell window where you think storms might occur during your visit and how fast your expect the winds will blow in this hypothetical storm. To get a sense of the variation that is possible you can use the Atmospheric Variables Plotting Page again, but instead of selecting “Climatology” for the plot type select “Mean” . The plot will then show only the average values for the exact date range in a single year, instead of the long run average over multiple years. By varying the individual year you will see how each year varies from the long run average. Example: Continuing the example from above focusing on Campus Point, I selected the minimum and maximum latitude and longitude range (shown below) that contains the swell window. The long run average indicates that for the end of December (25th to 31st) there is a large pocket of weak (
Optimization and Algorithms February 22, 2022 Exam 1. Simple convex function. (3 points) One of the following six functions R → R is convex: (A) (1 − (x − 1)+)+ (B) |(x − 1)+ − 1| (C) -(1 − (x − 1)+)+ (D) ((x − 1)+ − 1)+ (E) -((x − 1)+ − 1)+ (F) -|(x − 1)+ − 1| Which one? Write your answer (A, B, C, D, E, or F) in the box at the top of page 1 2. Least-squares. (2 points) Consider the following six optimization problems: In each of the six problems above, the variable to optimize is x ∈ Rn . The matrix A and the vector b are given. The scalar ρ > 0 is also given. One of the optimization problems above is a least-squares problem. Which one? Write your answer (A, B, C, D, E, or F) in the box at the top of page 1 3. Convex function. (3 points) Let f : Rn → R be a convex function. One of the following functions is guaranteed to be convex: (A) |f(x)| (B) f(x) + (f(x))2 (C) (f(x))2 (D) f(x)(f(x))2 (E) |f(x)| + (f(x))2 (F) f(x) + |f(x)| Which one? Write your answer (A, B, C, D, E, or F) in the box at the top of page 1 4. Robust portfolio selection. (4 points) A problem that often occurs in finance has the following form. where the variable to optimize is x ∈ Rn . The matrices V1 ∈ Rp×n , V2 ∈ Rp×n , and D ∈ Rp×p are given, the matrix D being diagonal with positive entries in the diagonal: with di > 0 for i = 1, . . . , p. The vectors µ1 ∈ Rn , µ2 ∈ Rn and the scalar α ∈ R are given. Finally, recall that the symbol 1 stands for the vector of dimension n with all components equal to one: Show that the optimization problem (1) is convex. 5. Mahalanobis projection. (4 points) Consider the optimization problem where the variable to optimize is x ∈ Rn . The vector µ ∈ Rn and the matrix Σ ∈ Rn×n are given, with Σ being symmetric and positive definite. Show that the optimal value of problem (2) is 6. Strictly convex functions. (4 points) Suppose that the functions f1 : Rn → R and f2 : Rn → R are both convex, and let f : Rn → R be defined as f(x) = max{f1(x), f2(x)} for each x ∈ Rn . Is the function f strictly convex? If you think the answer is ‘yes’, then prove it; if you think the answer is ‘no’, then give a counter-example.
Final Exam Practice Problems FIN 532: Investments Fall 2024 Risk Preference and Portfolio Choice 1. Given the following scenario analysis for stocks X and Y, Bear Market Normal Market Bull Market Probability 0.2 0.5 0.3 Stock X -20% 18% 50% Stock Y -15% 20% 10% (a) What are the expected rates of return for Stocks X and Y? (b) What are the standard deviations of returns on Stocks X and Y? (c) What is the expected return and standard deviation of a portfolio with weight 0.8 in Stock X and 0.2 in Stock Y. 2. You can invest in a risky asset with an expected rate of return of 20% per year and a standard deviation of 40% per year or a risk free asset earning 5% per year or a combination of the two. The borrowing rate is 6% per year. (a) Draw the Capital Allocation Line. Indicate the points corresponding to (1) 50% in the risk-less asset and 50% in the risky asset; and (2) -50% in the riskless asset and 150% in the risky asset. (b) Compute the expected rate of return and standard deviation for the two portfolios in part (a). (c) Suppose you have a target risk level of 50% per year. How would you construct a portfolio of the risky and the riskless asset to attain this target level of risk? What is the expected rate of return of the portfolio you constructed? 3. An investor is considering 3 ETFs: a stock fund, a bond fund, and T-bill fund. The T-bill fund yields a risk-free rate of 4%. The probability distribution of the risky funds are: Expected Ret Std Dev Stock 13% Bond 8% Correlation = 0.3 20% 12% (a) What is the mean-variance efficient mix of stocks and bonds? What is the expected return and std of the MVE? (b) Suppose the investor has mean variance preferences with a coefficient of risk aversion of γ = 4, what would be the optimal weights in risk-free asset and the mve? (c) In the optimal complete portfolio, what are the optimal weights in each of these three funds? (d) Suppose that the investors has financial wealth W = $1, 000, 000 and riskless human capital with a present value of H = $500, 000. How should the investor allocate her financial wealth to each of the three funds in order to achieve the desired weights of her total wealth you calculated in part (c)? (e) Suppose that the investor takes your advice in part (d). Over the next year, the stock fund appreciates by 20%, the bond fund appreciates by 10% and the present value of H decreases to $400,000. Explain how the investor should rebalance her portfolio? CAPM 1. You have the following information about hedge fund Q and the market portfolio M. Stock Q Market Portfolio (M) Expected return Standard deviation ? 40% 10% 20% The correlation between fund Q and the market portfolio is ρQ,M = 0.6. The risk-free rate is 3%. For parts (a)-(c) of this question, you should assume that the CAPM holds. (a) What is the beta of fund Q? What is the expected return of fund Q according to the CAPM? (b) Suppose you decide to invest in a portfolio that consists of 20% in Q, 50% in the market portfolio, and 30% in the risk-free asset. What is the Sharpe ratio of this portfolio? (c) Instead of holding the portfolio described in part (b), you decide to find a portfolio with the same expected return as the portfolio in part (b) but with the lowest possible standard deviation. What are the optimal portfolio weights in Q, M, and the risk-free asset? What is the Sharpe ratio of this portfolio? Now suppose that the CAPM does not hold and fund Q has a positive α = 2.5%. (d) Compute the MVE mix of Q and M. (e) What is the α of fund Q with respect to the MVE mix you calculated in part (d). (e) If other investors can also easily identify fund Q as having positive α, would you expect the positive α to persist? Explain why or why not? 2. Consider the following properties of the returns of stock 1, stock 2, and of the market (m): σ 1 = 0.20, σ2 = 0.30, σm = 0.15, ρ 1m = 0.4, ρ2m = 0.7 and E[rm] = 0.10. Also, suppose that the risk-free rate rf = 0.05. (a) According to the Capital Asset Pricing Model, what should be the expected return of stock 1 and of stock 2? (b) Suppose that the correlation between the return of stock 1 and the return of stock 2 is 0.5. What is the expected return of a portfolio that has a 40% investment in stock 1 and a 60% investment in stock 2? (c) Assume the CAPM holds. Construct a new portfolio using the market portfolio and the risk-free asset that has the same expected return as the portfolio you considered in part b) but has the lowest standard deviation possible.
