MATH1013 COMPUTATIONAL MATHEMATICS, EXERCISES 8, 2024/25 Instructions • The template file xxyyzz 8.py and the mergesort code mergesort.py are available on Minerva. • When you submit your work, submit only the completed template file, which will contain your code and any answers written as comments. Your program should generate all necessary graphs when it is run. • Your submitted work should import only the functions which are included in the template file already (namely shuffle, perf counter, and the module pyplot). Do not use any other imported functions. • Do not change the function names. • Your file should take at most 10 seconds to complete running. • Before submitting your work, you are advised restart the Python kernel on your computer, and then check that your script. runs without crashing. • Upload your submission to Assessment 8 on Minerva by 9am Tuesday 26th Novem-ber. This workshop counts as 20% towards your final grade. 8.1. Sorting experiments. Testing. In this workshop we will compare the performance of different sorting algorithms. We will be sorting very long lists in this workshop, so be sure to print your tests only on short lists! First we need to generate some shuffled lists to sort. The shuffle method from the random module is used to randomise a list. For example the code from random import shuffle mylist = list(range(1, n+1)) random. shuffle(mylist) will produce a randomly shuffled list of all the integers from 1 to n inclusive. The following code provides away to generate list of different lengths (in this case of length 2i for different i) with the time it takes to sort each: listlengths = [] sorttimelist = [] for i in range(1, 5): listlengths. append(2**i) mylist = list(range(2**i)) shuffle(mylist) # here define sorttime (how long it takes to sort the list) sorttimelist. append(sorttime) To test how long a sorting algorithm takes to sort a large list of numbers we will import and use the perf counter() function from the time module. This function returns the number of seconds since some reference time. For example, the code time start = time. perf counter() selectionsort(mylist) time end = time. perf counter() sorttime = time end - time start will store the time needed for selection sort to sort mylist. You are only timing the sorting process – so be careful not to include the time to create the unsorted list in your timing! 8.2. Labelling lines. Of course, whenever we plot a graph we should label the axes. But also when we have multiple sets of data on a single set of axes, the reader needs to be able to tell what is what. This is easily done using matplotlib’s labels and legends: x, data1, data2 = [0,1,2], [1,2,3], [1.5, 2.5, 4] plt. plot(x, data1, label= ✬First Set Of Data ✬ ) plt. plot(x, data2, label= ✬Second Set Of Data ✬ ) plt. legend(loc= ✬upper left ✬ ) Assessed Coursework 2, Week 8 Part A: Sorting The code in section 8.3 below (also available on Minerva) implements the merge sort algorithm, you may use this in your work. (1) Use perf count and the other ideas from 8.1 above to generate a list of data, where the ith entry is the time tm(i) necessary for merge-sort to sort lists of randomly chosen elements of length 2i for i = 1, . . . , 10. (2) Plot tm(i) against 2i on a loglog plot. Briefly explain (as a comment) what the graph says about merge-sort’s speed, using big-O notation. (3) Write a function insertionsort(somelist) that applies the insertion sort algorithm described in lectures to sort a list. (You should use the pop and insert commands as described in the lecture notes.) (4) Use this to find the times tI (i) for lists of the same length as in (1). Add tI (i) to your graph (on the same axes as above), and write a comment on what this says about the speed of insertion sort, in big O notation. (5) Write a function countingsort(mylist) which implements counting sort for lists of non-negative integers, using the algorithm described in lectures. (6) How efficient is countingsort compared to the other algorithms you have investigated? Can you provide one example each of lists of non-negative integers where counting sort would be (a) very efficient (b) very inefficient? Write your answer as a comment. 8.3. Merge sort code. One implementation of merge sort is the following. def interleave(list1 , list2): ✬✬✬ this interleaves two already sorted lists ✬✬✬ newlist = [] while len(list1)+len(list2)>0: if len(list1)==0: newlist . extend(list2) list2 = [] elif len(list2)==0: newlist . extend(list1) list1 = [] else: if list1[0]
ELEC6220 Power Systems Operations & Economics – Coursework 2024/2025 Utility Scale Solar Farm Feasibility in the UK Set on: 08/10/2024 Hand in by: 09/12/2024 – 16:00 Feedback lecture: 09/01/2025 Introduction: This coursework comprises 50% of the total assessment for the module ELEC6260. The aim of this coursework is to undertake a feasibility study on a new utility-scale PV project. The first stage of a solar farm project is to develop a business case for the sales team to apply for funding and potential clients. For a new 5 MW project in the UK, you are to scout land within 34 KM of the weather station (latitude and longitude) provided to you. You will have to carry out a desktop feasibility study, followed by a business case for the project, and prepare a technical report. Throughout the coursework assignment, you will be expected to apply knowledge gained from the lectured part of the course, but also to conduct significant research and independent study to help you to justify any assumptions. Objectives: - To identify suitable land of the assigned location in the UK for the development of a new 5MW PV project - Use the NREL System Advisor Model to optimise the performance of the farm over its lifetime. - Maximise the energy yield, net present value (NPV) and the internal rate of return (IRR), minimize the levelized cost of energy (LCoE) of the project, and explore financial incentives - Identify risk and mitigation strategies for your project Coursework Description: The project is a utility scale solar farm at least 5 MW, i.e., the system must be connected to the transmission/distribution networks using a high voltage connection. All the other aspects of the project such as the location, technology used, revenue strategy etc. are completely open and to be determined by yourself. You are fully responsible for all design matters of the system and selection of components, including the PV modules, support and mounting structures, inverters, substation, and grid connection point. Note: In the case of a real design, the farm will include several other components, namely, cabling, earthing, protection, combiner box. However, you are expected to only deal with the critical components mentioned above. The design must be technically sound at the least, but the primary objective is to achieve a good economic return using reasonable assumptions. Part 1. Grid Connection You must select a high voltage (HV) grid connection point for your project. The selected connection point must have the capacity to accept all the power from your project plus an additional 20% free as a minimum. You also need to know the voltage of the connection point. Calculations could include cost of cable, distance, degradation, losses etc. Output 1: A clear description of the grid connection configuration, you need to consider voltages and capacity of the local transmission line and substation. Estimate the cable route and distance from Point of Supply (PoS) to Point of Connection (PoC). Discuss connection options, transmission infrastructure (overhead or underground), etc. PoC, PoS, and cable route needs to be clearly presented in a figure with coordinate information. Part 2. System Design & Optimization Your solar farm must be designed to maximise its performance and minimise losses and costs. You should explore the following: • Solar modules type (monofacial or bifacial) • Inverters (optimise to minimise clipping losses) • Mounting system (fixed, Single Axis Tracking, Dual Axis Tracking) Output 2: A clear description of the design and optimization, including the selection of all the components. How was SAM used and the methods implemented for designing and optimizing? All the assumption should be reasonable and clearly explained with industrial standards or regulations as appropriate. Part 3. Economic Revenue Assessment To carry out the economic assessment you must first estimate the cost of the project to the best of your capabilities and the information that you can find. Use literature to find current capital costs for your project, as well as referenced inflation rate and discount rate. Given these values, and optimised energy yield for your solar farm, you should discuss the appropriate revenue stream, and financial incentives for your project. This can include: Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs); Smart Export Guarantee (SEG); Contracts for Difference (CfD) and Renewables Obligation Certificates (ROC) Output 3: Full economic assessment of the project as presented. It must be consistent with design. All economic assumptions should be shown. The value of NPV and IRR should include to do the comparison with the current market trend and values. Are the results competitive with market values? Is the business feasible? Financial incentives must be explained and supported. Part 4. Risk assessment The project risks need to be justified and the mitigation measures need to be presented with reference. This should cover risks associated with location site, choice of solar technologies, competing energy resources, grid connection, government policies, and market trends. Output 4: A variety of risks and mitigation method need to be presented and explained well. Requirements for report You should write up your results in an individual technical report, which should not be longer (make it concise) than 6 pages in total. When producing your work, you should be aware of the academic integrity requirements; discussion with your peer group is encouraged, but the work you submit must be your own. A Plagiarism check will be conducted on all submitted work. Please take care that the limitation of the technical report is 6 pages (including references), a recommendation is given below which broadly conforms to the weighting of the assessment. Work should be submitted on A4 with standard margins (25.4 mm), single line spacing, and a font size no smaller than 10 points. You must also upload your SAM simulation file ([filename].sam) alongside your report to showcase your design and economic outputs. Guidance Notes/Marks Distribution: (Total 50) Part 1: Grid connection (5) a) Location and proximity to the Grid Justification for the location's proximity to the nearest grid connection Relevant maps/illustrations depicting the site and its connection to the grid Analysis of available grid options and justifying for the chosen grid based on capacity b) Methodology and justify for the chosen cable route Strategy and reasoning behind the choice of cable, cost etc. Detailed layout and/or diagram of the cable route Part 2: Design and Optimization of PV system (20) a) PV System and configurations Comparison between monofacial and bifacial PV types Rationale for the chosen type based on project goals b) Tracking Solutions Comparative study of fixed-tilt (and its most ideal angle), single-axis tracking, and dual-axis tracking Optimal technology system type is chosen with justification in regards with energy yield/LCOE/NPV/IRR c) Inverter Clipping Analysis of clipping based on the PV system configuration chosen Recommendations/proposals to minimize clipping losses d) Shading Analysis Analysing fixed/one axis shading using SAM and comparing it to relevant literature Assess the trade-offs between different algorithms, such as backtracking, and comprehend the effects of shading on aspects like hotspot generation Part 3: Economic assessment and financial structure (15) a) Financial Calculations Summary of the correct calculation of IRR, LCOE and NPV with clear and supported assumptions b) Comparison to Literature Identification of similar projects in comparable climates to the location Comparative analysis of the project financial metric with literature, with insights drawn from such comparison c) Financial Incentives Identification of potential financial incentives available for the project Analysis of the impact of incentives on the financial metrics of the project Recommendations on which incentives to go forward with based on analysis Part 4: Risk assessment of the project (5 marks) a) Risks associated with PV Project a. Recognizing the risks tied to the selected solar solution b. Highlighting concerns like market-centric challenges b) Mitigation strategy Proposed mitigation strategies for each risk identified Suggested countermeasures for each challenge identified Quality of Report Writing (5 Marks) - Structure, formatting, grammar, spelling, references
Database Development and Design (DTS207TC) Assessment 001: Individual Coursework Overview & Outcomes This course work will be assessed for the following learning outcomes: A. Identify and apply the principles underpinning transaction management within DBMS. B. Demonstrate an understanding of advanced SQL topics. E. State the main concepts in data warehousing and data mining. Submission You must submit the following files to LMO: 1)A report named as Your_Student_ID.pdf. 2)A directory containing all your source code, named as Your_Student_ID_code. NOTE: The report shall be in A4 size, size 11 font, and shall not exceed 8 pages in length. You can include only key code snippets in your reports. The complete source code can be placed in the attachment. Assessment Tasks Matrix multiplication is a fundamental operation in linear algebra where two matrices are multiplied to produce a new matrix. Specifically, if we have two matrices A and B, the product of these matrices, denoted as AB, is calculated by taking the dot product of the rows of A with the columns of B. For example, for two matrices of dimension 2x2, their matrix multiplication formula is To test your proficiency in SQL under an open-book setting, this assignment requires you to implement matrix multiplication using SQL. It is divided into the following steps: 1) The Python function in the attachment is capable of generating an N-dimensional square matrix composed of random numbers in the format of (row_id, col_id, value). First, use a Python program to invoke this function and generate such a matrix, then import it into a table M in PostgreSQL. Additionally, discuss the impact of database transaction mechanisms on the performance of record insertion. Record the program running time (ideally,
BUSI4571 Research Methods for Accounting and Finance Individual Coursework Assessment 2024-2025 You are required to prepare a 4,000 words research proposal on a chosen topic in accounting and finance. Your research proposal should cover the following: · A title · Introduction, this section to cover background to the study, motivations of the study, research gap, research problem, research questions, research aims and objectives. (10%) · Literature Review, this section to cover critical discussion of related studies and identifying a suitable research gap that your study aims to address. You are expected to discuss theories that are related to your topic (30%) · Research Design, this to include discussion of your research methodology, required data and data sources, sampling, research approach and analytical technique(s) (50%) · Summary and Expected Contribution (5%) You can use appendices for any materials that you do not want to include in the main body of your research proposal, but you find relevant to your topic, for example a copy of a self-designed questionnaire, set of mathematical equations, related blogs, etc. 5% of the marks will be awarded for presentation, structure and style, and the use of academic sources and appropriate citation and referencing. Reference should follow the Harvard style. of referencing. The percentage weightings provided give an indication of the approximate mark allocation to each section, although the final grade will be determined by how well the criteria have been met overall and not simply the sum of the individual aspects of the work. The individual coursework is limited up to 4,000 words including all the main text and tables (if any), and references but excluding appendices. List of Potential Research Project Topics · Taxation issues (including transfer pricing, decision making, tax avoidance, tax history; Taxation of the UK oil and gas industry) · Financial accounting and reporting (including corporate governance, corporate social responsibility, accountability and sustainability, environmental social and governance reporting, governance of non-profit organization; Impact of IFRSs on harmonising accounting practices; Diversity in accounting practices and the need for harmonisation, accounting regulations, accounting history, forensic accounting), earning management, integrated reporting). · Accounting for climate change. · Management accounting control (including control system, performance management of corporate sector, public sector and non-profit organizations) · Others (such as accounting education, modern slavery audits and professionalization of accounting; Disclosure of decommissioning costs of oil and gas companies: to ascertain how real are the reported figures) The word count is 4,000 and does include: cover page, contents page, table headings/identifiers, graphs labelling/identifiers or references, BUT DOES NOT INCLUDE appendices or bibliography
EE 113: Digital Signal Processing Fall 2024 Assignment #5 — due Tuesday 11:59 PM, November 19, 2024 1. (26 points) Let X(Ω) is the DTFT of the signal x[n],recall X(Ω) is periodic with 2π hence, X(Ω+2π) = X(Ω), ∀Ω . Show that for 0 < βo < 2π, following holds: This is true for any βo ∈ R but it is enough to show for 0 < βo < 2π for this exercise. This means for the inverse DTFT, we can start integrating from anywhere as long as we cover 2π . 2. (24 points) Using the properties of the DTFT such as linearity, time shifting, differentiation property, find the DTFT of the following signals: (a) (6 points) x[n] = (0.9)|n| (u[n + 5] + u[n − 5]) (b) (6 points) x[n] = (0.5)n sin(0.2πn)u[n] (c) (6 points) x[n] = cos(πn/5)(u[n] − u[n − 7]) (d) (6 points) x[n] = n2 (0.5)nu[n] 3. (25 points) Consider a causal LTI system that is described by the following difference equation: a) (6 points) Find the frequency response, H(Ω), plot the |H(Ω)| and ∠(H(Ω)) in MATLAB. b) (7 points) Find the impulse response sequence, h[n]. c) (6 points) Write your own MATLAB function, mydiffeq , to implement this difference equation using a for loop. If the input signal is N-samples long (0 ≤ n ≤ N − 1), your program should find the first N sample of the output y[n] (0 ≤ n ≤ N − 1). Use x[−1] = 0, y[−1] = 0 and y[−2] = 0. d) (6 points) Using your Matlab function mydiffeq , find the first N samples of the impulse response of this system and plot/compare it with the analytical impulse response you found in part b) for N samples. 4. (25 points) Consider the periodic signal (a) (8 points) Find the DTFS representation of this signal. (b) (9 points) Find the power spectral density, Sx (Ω). (c) (8 points) Let N = 20 and L = 5. Determine what percentage of signal power is preserved if up to 3-rd harmonic (corresponding to k = −3, −2, −1, 0, 1, 2, 3) are kept and the others are discarded. Hint: You can use MATLAB to calculate the expression.
ENEM106 Assessment Part 3 - Group Feasibility Study Assignment brief: Produce a high-level feasibility study for the Pinkery Outdoor Education Centre with the aim of achieving 100% renewable generation for electricity and heating in a technically and environmentally feasible way. You can include any type of renewable technology that is appropriate for the site and does not contravene any requirements of Exmoor National Park, including storage systems. Data on current energy generation and usage will be provided, and you will have the opportunity to thoroughly explore the site, meet the site manager and take measurements during the week 7 field trip. Although your technical content is important, a key focus of the assignment is your report-writing skills and your ability to work effectively in a team, ensuring principles of equality, diversity and inclusion are followed throughout. AHEP4 learning outcomes assessed: M2-FL: Formulate and analyse complex problems to reach substantiated conclusions. This will involve evaluating available data using first principles of mathematics, statistics, natural science and engineering principles, and using engineering judgment to work with information that may be uncertain or incomplete, discussing the limitations of the techniques employed. M7-FL: Evaluate the environmental and societal impact of solutions to complex problems (to include the entire life-cycle of a product or process) and minimise adverse impacts M11-FL: Adopt an inclusive approach to engineering practice and recognise the responsibilities, benefits and importance of supporting equality, diversity and inclusion (EDI). M16-FL: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader of a team. Evaluate effectiveness of own and team performance. This assignment is worth 50% ofthe overall module mark. Assignment details: Content: You should describe the Pinkery site, including the baseline energy performance, and if this is calculated/estimated/assumed by yourself then explain how this was done. Justify the choice of technology/technologies for your RE-based system based on technical evaluation of a range of parameters (site, resources, demand, etc), and comment on how their sizing was determined and how they work together (or why others were ruled out if it consists of only one technology) . Evaluate the environmental and societal impacts of your proposed solution throughout its lifetime. Discuss the limitations of your approach, and conclude on the viability of your proposed system. Structure: There is no prescribed structure for the report (although you may wish to review some of the examples provided on ELE) but you should ensure a logical flow of information. Your final submission should be professionally presented with the relevant sections expected of a consultancy- style. report. Tables and figures: You are encouraged to use tables and figures where appropriate. Make sure you label them properly and refer to them in the text. References: You should consider citing academic papers, technical reports and other relevant documents to strengthen your analysis. Make sure you properly reference any material cited (including tables and figures if you didn’t make them yourself) to avoid plagiarism. Use a consistent reference style. of your choice. EDI statement: Please include asummary, agreed with the whole group, of who contributed what to the overall project, how principles of EDI were incorporated in the team approach, and the value that this has added to the project. Peer assessment: You will be required to complete an online peer assessment reflecting on and scoring the contributions of each member of the group (including yourself) to the project. Please ensure full justifications are given for each score awarded in each of the categories. The group mark will be adjusted for individuals based on a statistical analysis of your peer assessment scores. Deadline: 12pm, Wednesday 11th December 2024 Submission: A single pdf document, via ELE. Each member of the group should submit an identical document. Word limit: 6000 words, to include all formatting and references. You may include appendices, and these will be outside of the word count. However, material in appendices will not be marked, so do not include key content here. Any submissions that exceed the word count by more than 5% will be penalised by 5% of their mark. Please ensure you include the word count in your submitted document otherwise the same penalty will be applied. Marking and feedback: Marks and group written feedback will be released at the start of term 2. Mark scheme: Marking criteria Explanation Marks (%) High level technical feasibility assessment Critical analysis of the site and various factors affecting the installation, including existing energy consumption and demand patterns; technical evaluation of the site; technology selection; demonstration of the advantages and disadvantages of selected technology/technologies. This section should also consider planning constraints and any challenges around gaining the necessary consents for the project. Limitations of your approach should be discussed. 50 Impact assessment Evaluation of the impact of the proposed installation across its lifecycle, including both environmental and societal impacts. 20 Presentation and structure Use of references, figures, drawings, tables and clarity in approach of the problem and solving and following the given criteria for the report. 10 EDI approach Statement of individual contributions, group approach to EDI, and benefits of inclusion of EDI principles. 20
Assignment/Coursework Remit Programme Title MSc Management Module Title Organisational Decision Making and Operations Management Module Code 07 38004 Assignment Title Individual Assignment Level LM Weighting 50% Hand Out Date 16/10/2024 Deadline Date & Time 16/12/2024 12pm Feedback Post Date 20/01/2025 Assignment Format Essay Assignment Length 1,500 words Submission Format Online Individual Assignment: Each student is required to complete an essay to address the following task- • Choose a specific company and critically analyse its OM processes against the four general topic areas of operations management: Direct, Design, Delivery and Development. Apply appropriate operations theories, concepts and case examples to support your arguments. Highlight recommendations to improve the performance of the company based on your learning from this module Note: You may choose any company in different industries to complete the essay. The company information can be gathered from various sources (e.g., reliable websites, business reports, books and journal articles). The essay should be well structured into different logical sections (e.g., Introduction - 6%, background of the selected company - 8%, analysis and recommendation - 30%, conclusion - 6%), and you should make sure that you write in a focused manner. The guidance regarding the inclusion of word count for each section is as follows: Item No. Section Included in the word count 1 Cover page No 2 Abstract/Executive summary No 3 Table of content No 4 Introduction Yes 5 Background of the selected company Yes 6 Analysis and recommendation Yes 7 Conclusion Yes 8 References No 9 Appendices* No 10 Figures No *Appendices can be utilized to provide supplementary information, evidence, or support for the arguments presented in the main body of the essay. This might include details such as theory descriptions, company profiles, and operations data. Font and style. Arial, 11pt, 1.5 line spaced. All pages must be numbered and each page should contain the student ID. All margins should be 25.4 mm (not including footers or headers). You should submit your essay in one document in format of Microsoft word. Module Learning Outcomes: In this assessment, the following learning outcomes will be covered: • LO1. understand the characteristics of operations systems and the various approaches that maybe adopted in their design. • LO2. understand the main features of the supply chain management systems that support effective operations. • LO3. apply techniques and technologies available for the design and control of operations. • LO4. select and implement appropriate strategies and methods for the management and improvement of operations. • LO5. use the frameworks and techniques presented to develop strategies, design, plan and control manufacturing and servicing operations. Grading Criteria: Generic evaluation criteria include: • Understanding - Your work should demonstrate an understanding of operations and operations management issues. • Substantiation - The work should be underpinned by the course material and additional reading around the topic chosen and tools employed. In the first instance you should consult the course reading list - this is given out at the beginning of the course and is also available on Canvas. You will be given credit for going beyond the sources suggested on the reading. (Please only reference material you have read!) • Insight - Your work must demonstrate critical evaluation and insight into the operation, situation and topic. • Clarity and structure - The report should be well structured and clearly presented. These criteria are translated into a detailed rubric which is available for you to view in Canvas. You can see the rubric if you go to the "Assignments" pages. At the top right of each assessment submission page is a tiny button that says "view rubric". Details see the canvas page for assessment.
FIN2002S Principles of Finance WELCOME MESSAGE As module coordinator of the Principles of Finance module, I welcome you to the module. The finance sector is a major driving force of a country’s economy. It encompasses the creating and maintaining of wealth, and overall managing of money that is crucial to the success of every business. Very broad areas, finance professionals can be found in every industry helping businesses as well as individuals. The subject of Principles of Finance provides a mixture of both theory and practise. It aims to provide the students with an introduction to the role of Finance, financial markets, financial institutions as well as analysis of financial securities, thus providing a solid foundation for further study or employment in the financial services industry. To successfully complete this module, it is strongly recommended that a consistent routine of studies is maintained, and several learning activities such as course assignments are to be completed at the stated submission date(s). The graduates will have a wealth of career choices within and beyond the finance sector. You will be equipped for success in fields such as credit, corporate finance, financial planning and services, investment and wealth management. This study guide outlines the discussion areas for each session. It is essential for these to be read prior to the sessions to have a better understanding in the subject topics. PART 1: INTRODUCTION This Study Guide is designed to provide you with details of the module FIN2002S – Principles of Finance, the learning outcomes, delivery and assessment arrangements. The Study Guide consists of 6 parts. Part 1 gives background details to the subject area are provided and the broad aims of the module are set out. Part 2 consists of the module outline. In this part the (a) module learning outcomes, (b) the themes and topics to be explored are explained along with the (c) learning supports to be used. Part 3 gives details of the module delivery arrangements. It sets out the session arrangements and the expectations in relation to your prior preparation and student engagement. Part 4 provides details of the assessment techniques used in this module explaining the assessment components, their rationale. Part 5 explains the UCD grading policy and grade descriptors drawing on the university document are given for each assessment component (i) Assignment and (ii) Examination. Part 6 presents the concluding comments. Accessing Live Zoom Classes Please log into Brightspace, go to “FIN2002S-Principles of Finance-2023/24 Summer”, click “My Class”, “Zoom”. Please always login using your UCD email address and your name. Your name should be visible to the lecturer and other students to facilitate collaboration. Please join your online session no later than five minutes before the advised time of your session. Engagement tools on ZOOM Throughout the online sessions for this module, you will be frequently asked to engage with both your lecturer, and with your fellow students. The lecturer may send you into breakout groups and you discuss some class content in smaller groups before your findings are discussed with the whole class. You may use the “Share Screen” function (if enabled) to show some summary points of the breakout group discussions. If you select “Chat”, a chat window will open and you can communicate with the whole class or with your lecturer. If you would like to send a private message to your lecturer, please select your lecturer’s name instead of everyone. By clicking on “Reactions”, another menu will open. This menu allows you to raise your hand if you have a question or would like to comment. If you see a hand icon in the left upper corner of your screen, your hand is currently raised. You can lower your hand by clicking on this icon a second time. The lecturer can also lower your hand. When you join a Zoom session, you will be muted, and your camera is turned off. But for better engagement in the class, it is advised to keep your camera turned on. Please only unmute yourself if you would like to speak to avoid background noises. You can change your audio and video setting by clicking the small arrow beside the “Unmute” or “Start Video” icon. For more information please see https://buselrn.ucd.ie/student/category/using-zoom/ Background Details a. Background to the Topic This course provides an introduction to the principles of banking and finance. It module covers the fundamental basics of finance. The module will address issues such as why corporate finance is important and will introduce the theoretical underpinnings of financial concepts. A comprehensive range of issues including the role of corporate governance and agency theory in finance, how the stock and bond markets function, pricing stocks and bonds, and capital budgeting techniques will be introduced. The topics covered in this module will allow students to learn about the concepts and theories in finance that would help investors and business decision-makers in making investment and financing investments as well as knowing how risk can be managed. The knowledge obtained from this course would be very valuable for one’s to embark on a professional or business career in either the Financial Markets or the different Financial Institutions. b. Module Aims The aims of this module are to - enable students to understand the importance of corporate finance and the theoretical underpinnings of financial concepts. - enable students to understand the valuation of stocks and bonds. - enable students to understand the role of corporate governance and agency theory in finance. - allow students to apply capital budgeting techniques in the project evaluation process Module philosophy The module draws on student prior learning and work experience and combines insights from strategy, international trade and investment theory, human resource management and other areas. The assessment tasks for this module have been designed with this in mind as detailed later in the study guide. PART 2: MODULE OUTLINE Module Title: Principles of Finance Module Code: FIN2002S No. of ECTS: 10 Module Learning Outcomes On completing this module, students will be expected be able to: · Understand the importance and the role of Finance · Apply valuation methods to both stocks and bonds · Apply the techniques of capital budgeting and identify capital investment projects that maximize shareholder wealth · Understand the concepts of risk and return and the basic principles of portfolio theory. Module Text: Basic Finance: An Introduction to Financial Institutions, Investments, and Management (13th Edition) Cengage Learning by Herbert B. Mayo; Michael J. Lavelle ISBN: 9780357714744 Supplementary text 1: Principles of Finance (6th Edition), Cengage by Besley, S and Brigham, E. F. ISBN: 9781285429649 Supplementary text 2: Corporate Financial Management. (6th Edition). Pearson Education Limited by Arnold, G. and Lewis, D. ISBN: 9781292140445 Themes and Topics Part 1 Introduction to Finance: · The finance world · The objective of the firm. · Corporate governance and agency theory. Part 2: Valuation of Securities: · Time value of money · Present value and future value · Valuation of bonds. · Valuation of stocks Part 3: Capital Budgeting decision: · Net present value (NPV), · Internal rate of return (IRR), and · payback period methods · Other project appraisal methods Part 4: Portfolio Theory: · Risk and Return. · Portfolio analysis: mean-variance portfolio theory. · Efficient portfolios · Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) · Efficient Market Hypothesis Learning Materials For this module, please read the assigned chapters in the prescribed text and attempt the learning activities in the hand-outs prior to attending the sessions. Other useful sources The following textbooks’ companion websites provide a self-quiz and study program that allows students to evaluate their performance through a practice test and recommendations: · https://media.pearsoncmg.com/intl/global/ema_ge_mishkin_econmbfm_11/index.html · http://wps.pearsoned.co.uk/ema_ge_mishkin_econmbfm_10/226/58088/14870766.cw/index.html · http://wps.aw.com/bp_mishkin_econmbfm_10/215/55045/14091673.cw/index.html Students completing this module are expected to participate in session discussions and learning activities and be familiar with recent developments in the business world. To facilitate this, the following source material is useful · The Economist · The Wall Street Journal · The Straits Times · The Financial Times · Business Week · Fortune · Investopedia.com
Introduction to Data Analytics Fall 2024 Final Project: Requirements. General Instructions: • The project composes 20% of your final grade: 5% project proposal, 5% project presenta- tion in-class with update on status on most of the project, and a 10% written summary and Python code. • Add evidence to every claim that you make via tables/plots using Python. Best practice is to add Python plots with clear axis description and legend. Place plots that interrupt the reading flow of your report into an Appendix. Your report can be a single Google Colab notebook with Markdown (explanation of code and findings). • Feel free to write e-mails, setup appointments, and use any other communication services, in case you get stuck. • Important dates: project proposal - November 13 11:59PM. I will hold office hours during the last hour of November 20 (at 4:30PM) instead of a tutorial and talk to the 9 groups about their proposals; final presentation date is on November 30 at 12PM (DB0006); final report submission due on December 3 at 11:59PM. Part 1: Project Proposal. (5%) a. Load the assigned dataset into Python. Explore it and provide a one-page project proposal. The structure of the proposal (short document + appendices): 1. Introduction to the data (whatever can be found online). 2. Data description, including attributes/features. 3. Interesting phenomena found from a basic analysis, if any (in words). 4. Project questions/analyses (at least 2 of them) that you came up with while exploring the data. 5. Appendices - Python plots and outputs that justify your proposal (unlimited number of pages for the appendix). b. Send the proposal (+appendices) to the instructor and await a response for approval and/or alternations (by Nov 23 we must finalize the project). c. Once the proposal is approved (after iterations with the instructor), you are free to start the project - you will have only one week until presentation and two weeks until submission. Stay on schedule. Part 2: Documenting the Project. (10%) a. Use Python as your programming tool to answer the approved research questions. If you find new interesting phenomena / predict new response variables, you are not limited to the approved project proposal and in fact, you can substitute an approved analysis with an alternative one (write an email to the instructor). b. Once you are done answering the questions, write a project summarizing report, with the following structure (use project proposal for the first four parts): 1. Introduction. 2. Data description. 3. Exploratory data analysis. 4. Formulate one classification question that seems to be relevant for the dataset. 5. Techniques used to answer question. 6. The analysis itself (the core part of the project) - including Python plots/output as evidence for the presented results. 7. Discussion. 8. Self assessment: every student in the group will state their individual contribution to the project. Students who contributed less than their peers will receive a lower mark. 9. Appendix - for things that are important, but can disturb the fluent reading of the summary. c. Most of the project, but not all of it, should be ready prior to presentation day. Part 3: Project Presentation. (5%.) • Projects will be presented in class. • The duration time per presentation will be 20 minutes, approximately 4 minutes per group member. • All group members MUST attend and speak. • Every group member must present an equal part and the assessment for the talks will be on an individual basis (grades will be differentiated). • Presentations should include but will not be limited to: motivation, data description, exploratory data analysis, research/application questions, techniques used, results and a discussion. • All group members must present their part (even those who may typically not attend class); members that do not attend will receive 0 for the presentation component.
N1621 Blockchains and Crypto Assets: PRJ A1 Your mark on this project represents 70% of your final grade There are TWO items to be submitted using canvas online: 1. A 2-min video in standard .mp4 or other universal video file format [50 marks] 2. A 1000-word report, submitted in Word or PDF [50 marks] In this document you will find a complete description of the deliverables for each part following by its marking scheme. There are four pages in total. PART 1 Use video software of your choice to make a 2-minute video in standard format such as .mp4, which can be read using any universal software. General guidelines 1. Zero marks for the video will be awarded in any of these cases: • The marker cannot see or cannot hear the video • You use a computer-generated voice, or any voice other than your own. You must use your own voice • You fail to verify your ID by starting a record of your face while speaking your full name and candidate number • Your video is shorter than 100 seconds or longer than 150 seconds 2. The video can be 2 mins +/- 10% namely between 108 and 132 seconds, without time penalty. There is a 5% time penalty for submissions between 100 and 108 seconds or between 132 and 150 seconds. And you must speak at a speed where it is possible to understand what you say. 3. Some past year students used software to speed up the voice, but the marker couldn’t understand their voice. Those submissions were severely downgraded and some even failed. The contents of your video must correspond to ONE of the following topics: 1. Explain what the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) is and how it works. Discuss the benefits and limitations of the EVM. 2. Compare and contrast the processes of an initial token offering (ICO) with an initial public offering (IPO). Use a cryptoasset example to explain the key stages of a token offering. You should use a strategic narrative, contain specific examples and exhibit good storytelling skills. Minimize the full sentences displayed in the video and please do not simply readout words exactly as written on slides. Here are some hints to making the video (see also the marking scheme below): • Start by listing the points you want to cover, in a logical order • Then then draft a script. in a few of you own words (I know when you are simply reading out something copied from the internet) • Now test the timing by reading your script. aloud and adjusting as necessary to keep within the allotted time • Next, assemble lots of images to illustrate your dialogue – this is where you can be most creative, especially if you choose to use software more advanced than Zoom. The marking scheme takes account of the sophistication of the software used • Choose your own title to accurately reflect the contents • Start your video by showing its title, your name and candidate number, and include a video of your face while reading these things aloud (so that we know you made the video yourself!). PART 2 Write a report. General guidelines The final product can be 1000 +/1 10% words, namely between 900 and 1100 words, not counting illustrations, tables, footnotes or references, without penalty. 5% penalty for word counts between 800 and 900, or 1100 and 1200. 10% penalty for counts below 800 or above 1200. The contents of your report must correspond to ONE of the following topics: Write a report about one Defi lending platform, either Aave or Compound. It should contain: • A title page, with an overview of contents summarised in a very short abstract (max. 100 words) • An introduction which gives an overview of the Defi lending-borrowing platform. (max. 200 words) • Describe in detail how the interest rate for lenders and borrowers is determined (max.400 words) • Explain the risks that lenders and borrowers may encounter, and how the protocol(s) mitigate these risks (max. 300 words) • Conclude with a short discussion of the future developments in this platform. (max 200 words). Write a report about consensus mechanisms in blockchains (e.g., Proof of Work, Proof of Stake, etc). It should contain: • A title page, with an overview of contents summarised in a very short abstract (max. 100 words) • An introduction that provides an overview of blockchains consensus mechanisms and their importance in decentralized networks (max. 200 words) • A detailed explanation of how consensus is achieved in one specific mechanism (e.g., Proof of Work or Proof of Stake), focusing on the process and participants' roles (max. 400 words) • Discuss the potential risks and challenges associated with the selected consensus mechanism and how blockchains protocols address these challenges (max. 300 words). • Conclude with a short discussion on developments in consensus mechanisms (max 200 words). You may use any website information that you can find. In each case, use a footnote to cite the URL of the source. If any journal or book publications are drawn upon, these can be listed as references at the end of the report.
ELCT 837 Project Consider the system of an elastic joint in a robot as described below [1]. Using Matlab do the following: 1. Calculate the open-loop poles of the system and find their natural frequency and damping. 2. Produce the Bode plots of Fig.4.18 and the impulse response of Fig.4.19 and also the unit step response. 3. Find the ZOH equivalent of the system for h = 0.5. 4. Find the full-state feedback matrix L and parameter Lc (see equation (4.66)). 5. Reproduce Fig. 4.20. 6. Design an observer and reproduce Fig.4.21. 7. For the simulation of Fig.4.21 produce plots showing how well the observed state tracks the actual state. Produce a report describing what you did and with any comments you may have.
UNIT CODE: ACFIM0035 UNIT NAME: Fundamentals of Corporate Finance December 2024 Overview • Your summative coursework accounts for 100% of the final mark for the unit. • The coursework consists of three pieces of reports (see detailed instructions below). • Penalties will apply if the coursework is submitted late. • The coursework is an individual piece of work – you should work on this yourself and NOT as a group. You will be required to submit a plagiarism statement, and your submission will be checked for originality. • A maximum word limit has been set for each of the three reports. You must provide the word count for each report on the cover page. There is no minimum word requirement. Coursework requirement You are expected to prepare three separate reports in accordance with the below requirements: Report A (50%, maximum 1,600 words) Green-Globe, a UK-based all-equity financed environmental solutions company, is considering expanding its operations into the renewable energy sector by launching a new wind farm project. The project will be financed partially with debt. As an independent consultant, you have been hired to assess the feasibility of this investment project and provide a comprehensive evaluation report. Tasks: • Conduct a detailed investment feasibility study for Green-Globe’s potential wind farm project. You must apply and discuss at least two appropriate investment appraisal methods (the Net Present Value approach must be included) to evaluate the project’sviability. • Create your own estimates for the project’s projected financials. You can create your own estimates without sourcing real-world data. These should include elements such as the project’s duration (e.g., five years), investment size (e.g., £1 million), revenue forecasts, operating costs, tax implications, financing channels, estimated cost of capital, etc. Clearly define and justify all assumptions you use in the calculation. • Provide a critical discussion on how key factors, such as capital structure, financing options, cost of capital, and macroeconomic variables (e.g., inflation, tax rates), might influence your appraisal results. • Include numerical illustrations and explain each step of your calculations for the chosen investment appraisal techniques. Ensure transparency in your approach, discussing how variations in key assumptions might impact the project evaluation. • Based on your findings, provide a recommendation on whether Green-Globe should pursue this investment. Additionally, discuss any potential risks and non-financial factors that should be considered in the final decision. Report B (25%, maximum 750 words) As a financial analyst at a consulting firm, you have been approached by Weston Ltd, a publicly listed pharmaceutical company that is reviewing its payout policy. Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, the company has consistently reported positive earnings and has acquired 15-year patents for new drugs targeting Covid-related side effects. The company’s management seeks your advice on determining an optimal payout policy to enhance shareholder value. Your task is to produce a comprehensive report that evaluates key aspects of payout policies and provides recommendations based on theoretical and practical considerations. Tasks: • Explain the concept of payout policy and discuss the rationale behind the company’s choice of an optimal payout policy. • Use numerical examples to illustrate how Weston Ltd’spayout policy may affect its shareholder value. You may create your own estimates and assumptions without relying on real-world data. • Based on your analysis, recommend an optimal payout policy that maximizes shareholder value. Support your recommendation with empirical evidence from academic research. Report C (25%, maximum 750 words) As a financial consultant, you have been hired by a publicly listed fashion retailer, Trendora Ltd, to recommend an optimal capital structure that maximizes shareholder value. Trendora Ltd’s current debt ratio is 0.2. Your task is to provide a comprehensive report that evaluates the company’s current capital structure and explores whether a higher debt level would be beneficial. Tasks: • Explain the concept of capital structure and discuss the theories that guide the choice of an optimal capital structure. • Provide numerical examples of how Trendora Ltd’s capital structure choice affects its shareholder value. You can use reasonable estimates of key financial parameters. • Based on your analyses, recommend whether Trendora Ltd should increase, decrease, or maintain its current capital structure. Support your arguments with relevant academic research findings.
EESB04 "PRINCIPLES OF HYDROLOGY" Assignment #3b: Modelling Climate Change Impacts on Hydrology and Assessing Model Sensitivity (38 marks total; worth 10% of grade) The objectives of the assignment are to: 1. Apply your hydrological modelling skills to assess possible climate change impacts. 2. Understand the concept of sensitivity analysis. 3. Develop precise observation and observation comparison skills with respect to hydrological data. Instructions: This is the 2nd step of your “two-step” assignment. Do not use your own model from assignment 3a, but rather the complete and correct model provided to you on Quercus, entitled “complete correct model.xlsx” . To avoid providing the answers of assignment 3a to other students, this file will only be released at 8 am on Monday, November 11. Note that on this worksheet, below the calculations, nearer rows 50+, are graphs encompassing the two-year period for 1) precipitation, PET and AET; and 2) soil water storage and runoff. Professor Mitchell’s advice is not to touch these graphs. Follow instructions from your TA about how to complete this assignment and you will find that it is fairly straightforward. Assignment format and submission instructions: Most of this assignment requires written answers, with the submission of just two graphs. Submit your assignment questions (as a Word document using 12-point font) via Quercus. You do not need to submit your Excel file this time. Where an answer requires a graph, copy the graph from your spreadsheet and paste into the Word document (suggest “paste special” and choose pdf or picture). Organize your assignment according to the order of the questions below. The assignment should be submitted as one Word document with embedded graphs and tables. Note: Copying whole worksheets into new worksheets, to make small changes to parameter values, is key to success in this assignment. Your TA’s will discuss this in tutorial, but I provide the directions on the following page from the Internet (simplesheets.co) for additional reference. How to Easily Copy Worksheets Duplicate a Sheet by Right-clicking It 1. Right-click (or control- click on a Mac) your tab and choose Move or Copy from your context menu. 2. Select where you want your information to go usually “(move to end)” . 3. Make sure you check the "Create a copy" checkbox and hit OK. After following the steps above, a copied sheet tab will appear. This sheet will maintain all of your graphs, formulae, etc. To end, I would right-click this tab and rename it to something that makes sense for the question. Assignment Questions A) Climate Change Scenarios (21 marks) 1. Change every average monthly temperature in the model to 2。C more than it currently is. Describe the main differences you observe for 1) PET and AET; and 2) soil water storage and runoff. State which of these outputs is most affected by the warmer temperatures. What is driving the change in this most affected output? (7 Marks) 2. Go back to the original “complete correct model” (not your answer in the previous question). Change every average monthly temperature to 5。C more than it currently is. Describe the main differences you observe in comparison to question #1 for 1) PET and AET; and 2) soil water storage and runoff. State which of the model outputs in the graphs is most affected by these even warmer temperatures. What is driving the change in this most affected output? (7 Marks) 3. Using your output from question 2 above, change the total monthly precipitation to what is listed here, which mostly encompasses earlier and more spread-out precipitation (snowmelt) in the spring, as well as changes to summer precipitation. Describe the main differences you observe in comparison to question #2 for 1) PET and AET; and 2) soil water storage and runoff. State which of these outputs is most affected by the warmer temperatures and altered precipitation regime. What is driving the change in this most affected output? (7 Marks) Yr1 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 0 105 98 58 66 81 75 25 69 156 101 51 Yr2 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 0 0 152 109 56 37 81 17 28 115 131 27 B) Model Parameter Sensitivity (17 marks) 4. Rerun your (complete correct) model using a mean daily temperature of 15。C every month and a mean sunlight hours of 12 hours per day for every month. Show the new graphs (1 - precipitation, PET and AET; and 2 - soil water storage and runoff). What are the main differences you observe? (5 marks) 5. Go back to the original “complete correct model” (not your answer in the previous question). Explain what happens to your model outputs when you adjust field capacity in increments of 50 mm from 50 mm to 250 mm and note which output is most affected by these changes in field capacity. No need to submit these new graphs, although you’ll have to make some to comment properly. To help in your interpretation, I suggest you keep your y-axis scale of your soils moisture/runoff graphs constant at 0-300 mm. (6 marks) 6. Again, start with the original “complete correct model” (not your answer in the previous question). Explain what happens to your model outputs when you adjust initial soil moisture in increments of 50 mm from 0 mm to 200 mm (while keeping field capacity constant at 165 mm). Also note which output is most affected by these changes in initial soil moisture. Again, no need to submit these new graphs, although you’ll have to make some to comment properly. (3 marks) 7. Based on your answers to questions #5 and #6, is your model more sensitive to changes in field capacity or initial soil moisture? Expand your answer by describing specific observations in relation to the different graphed measurements. (3 marks)
STAT 612 (Fall 2024) Homework Assignment 6 Due: Dec. 1, by 11:59 p.m. Instructions: 1. This problem set consists of 5 problems worth a total of 100 = 10 + 20 + 25 + 20 + 25 points. 2. All submissions must be made online via Canvas as a single pdf file with your name showing on the first page. Your solutions may include typed pages and/or scanned handwritten pages and/or R codes/outputs (if applicable). But they must be all combined into a single pdf file. 3. It is your responsibility to ensure that your uploaded solutions are complete and fully legible, especially if there are scans involved. If not, the TA may be forced to ignore those parts! 4. The deadline is strict. No unwarranted exceptions or extension requests will be entertained. 5. Your proofs/arguments must be rigorous and complete. Please make sure to show all details of your work, including intermediate steps/reasonings – otherwise points will be deducted. 6. You are only allowed to use (without proof ) any result from the lecture notes in your solutions – make sure to properly cite them (e.g., slide/result number) when using them in your proofs. Problems: 1. Let x1 ∈ R n be such that x 01Jn = 0, where Jn = (1, . . . , 1)0 ∈ R n , and let w ∈ R n be such that k wk 2 = 1, w0 Jn = 0 and w0 x1 = 0. Set x2 = x1 + aw for a scalar a ∈ R. Suppose Yn×1 = β0Jn +β1x1 +β2x2 + with ∼ N(0, σ2 In), and let (βb0, βb1, βb2) 0 be the OLS est. (a) Derive formulae for Var(βbj ) (j = 0, 1, 2) and Var(βb1 + βb2), in terms of n, k x1k 2 and a. (b) Derive formulae for the t-statistic(s) for testing H0 : β1 = 0 and H0 : β2 = 0. In both cases, investigate and justify the behavior. of these t-statistic(s) as a → 0. 2. Suppose E(Yn×1) = Xn×kβk×1, with rank(X) = r ≤ k. Let βb be any least squares estimator of β and consider a vector of LPFs (Aβ)q×1, where Aq×k = Cq×nXn×k for an arbitrary Cq×n. (a) Show that Aβ is estimable, and Aβb is a LUE of Aβ for any βb as above, and that Aβb is invariant to the choice of the least squares estimator βb (recall there are many such). (b) Suppose Var(Y) = σ 2 In. Let (ΣA)q×q := Var(Aβb), and let G be any g-inverse of X0 X. Show that ΣA = σ 2AGA0 = σ 2A(X0 X) +A0 , and ΣA depends on X only through PX. (c) Let Y ∼ N(Xβ, σ2 In). Then, with (r, A, βb, ΣA) as above and S 2 as usual, show that: (Aβb − Aβ) 0 Σ + A(Aβb − Aβ)/(rAS 2 ) ∼ FrA, n−r(0), where rA := rank(ΣA) ≤ q. [Note: This result is useful for inference on Aβ via hypothesis tests or confidence sets.] 3. In a study of how age (X) affects blood pressure (Y ), a researcher realizes he needs to adjust for gender as it may have a differential impact. He therefore collects two datasets on (Y, X): S1 = (Y1, x1)n1×2 from females and S2 = (Y2, x2)n2×2 from males, with S1 ⊥⊥ S2. Suppose: Yj ∼ N(αjJnj + βjxj , σ2 Inj ) for some αj , βj ∈ R and σ 2 > 0 (j = 1, 2). (1) (a) Consider now the pooled sample Sp := S1∪S2 of size n := n1+n2. Show that the pooled response Yn×1 := (Y01 , Y02 ) 0 is jointly Normal and satisfies a linear model as follows: Y ∼ N(Xβ, σ2 In), with Xn×4 = Jn , β = (α1, α2, β1, β2) 0 . (2) (b) Let {Rj 2 , Tj , Rj, 2 adj} (j = 1, 2) and {Rp 2 , Tp, Rp, 2 adj} be the {R2 , TSS, Radj 2 } values for the j th model in (1) and the pooled model (2), resp. Show that although Jn is not a column of X in model (2), R2 p is still well-defined, and then show that the triplets above satisfy: (1 − Rp 2 )Tp = 2X j=1 (1 − Rj 2 )Tj and (1 − Rp, 2 adj)Tp = n n − − 1 4 X 2 j=1 (1 − Rj, 2 adj)Tj . (c) The researcher wants to test the following two hypotheses (stated in words on purpose): (i) H0 : Gender does not impact the effect of age on the mean blood pressure. (ii) H0 : Age has no effect on the mean blood pressure regardless of gender group. Formulate each hypothesis in terms of the model parameters in (2) and write them in the form. H0 : E(Y) ∈ V0 for appropriate V0 ⊆ C(X). Construct F-tests thereafter for testing these (showing clearly your test statistic, its null distribution and the P-value). 4. Let x1 = (1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1)0 , x2 = (3, −1, 4, 6, 3, 3)0 , x3 = (7, 3, 2, 0, 3, 3)0 , x4 = (8, 4, 9, −5, 4, 4)0 ; let X6×4 = (x1, . . . , x4) and Y6×1 = (4, 36, 44, 12, 16, 8)0 ; and let β = (β1, . . . , β4) 0 . Consider testing H0 : β4 = 0 and β2 = β3, in the model: Y = Xβ + with ∼ N(0, σ2 I6) (σ 2 > 0). (a) Show that all LPFs are estimable (and thus H0 above is trivially a testable hypothesis). Specify a full-row rank matrix A such that H0 as above is equivalent to testing Aβ = 0. (b) For the full model, find the least squares estimates βb, Yb := p{Y|C(X)} and Z := Aβb. (c) Let V0 := {Xb | Ab = 0}. Then, find Yb0 := p(Y|V0), Yb1 := p{Y|C(X) ∩ V0 ⊥} and b e := p{Y|C(X) ⊥}. Verify numerically that these three vectors are orthogonal. (d) Calculate the error sums of squares for the full model (ESS1) and under H0 (ESS0). Verify numerically that: ESS0 − ESS1 = k Yb − Yb0k 2 = k Yb1k 2 = Z 0 {A(X0 X) −1A0 } −1Z. (e) Compute the F-statistic for testing H0 and perform. the test (including the P-value). (f) Give the least squares estimate of β under H0 (i.e., subject to the constraints Aβ = 0). 5. Consider the linear model: E(Yn×1) = Xn×kβk×1 and Var(Y) = σ 2 In, with rank(X) = k, for some unknown β ∈ R k and σ 2 > 0. Let βb denote the usual OLS estimator of β. Let Aq×k be any matrix with rank(A) = q. Consider the constrained least squares estimator: βb0 := arg min b∈Rk: Ab = 0 k Y − Xbk 2 , and let V0 := {Xn×kbk×1 | Aq×kbk×1 = 0q} ⊆ R n . (a) Show that βb0 = (X0 X) −1X0 PV0Y, and that it is the unique such minimizer as above. (b) Show that βb0 is unbiased for β if and only if Aβ = 0. (c) Show that regardless of whether Aβ = 0 or not, Var(c 0 βb0) ≤ Var(c 0 βb) ∀c ∈ R k , and further if Aβ = 0, show that: E(k βb0 − βk 2 ) < E(k βb − βk 2 ) [with strict inequality].
AM2060 Final Assignment 2024 November 17, 2024 In this assignment you are required to produce C# code which solves a nonlinear boundary value problem. Problem A y'' = −(y0 ) 2 − y − ln x, for 1 ≤ x ≤ 2, where, y(1) = 0 and y(2) = ln 2. Exact solution is y = ln x. Problem B y'' = y3 − yy', for 1 ≤ x ≤ 2, where, y(1) = 2/1 and y(2) = 3/1. Exact solution is y = x+1/1. Problem C y'' = 2y3 − 6y − 2x3 , for 1 ≤ x ≤ 2, where, y(1) = 2 and y(2) = 2/5. Exact solution is y = x + x/1. Instructions 1. Create a class BVP which numerically solves second order nonlinear boundary problems of the form. y'' = f(x, y, y'), with boundary conditions y(a) = α and y(b) = β, for a ≤ x ≤ b. Use Newton’s method to find s in the related initial value problem y'' = f(x, y, y'), with initial conditions y(a) = α and y' (a) = s such that y(b) = β. 2. Use the delegate mechanism to allow users to specify (1) the function f, (2) dy/df , (3) dy'/df and (4) the exact solution. Note: you may need more than one type of delegate. 3. Allow the user to specify the boundary conditions i.e. they can give values for a,b,α , β . Users can also specify the tolerance for Newtons method, the default values is 0.0001. This ends the algorithm when the diference between successive approximations is less than the tolerance. The user is also able to specify the number of intervals on a ≤ x ≤ b, default value 10. 4. Use Euler’s method to solve any associated initial value problems. Please implement the version which makes use of vectors. 5. After the user has set up the problem, provide a method named Solve which computes and stores the solution in an array with elements ((x0 , y0 ) , (x1 , y1 ) , ··· , (xn, yn )), where n is the number of intervals. 6. Provide a method named Error which outputs a nicely formatted table consisting of xi, yi,yexact, (yi − yexact )2 for 0 ≤ i ≤ n and where yexact is the exact solution corre- sponding to yi. 7. Provide code in main which solves one of the above problems and demonstrates that your solution works. 8. Marks are also awarded for: (a) Does the code do what it is supposed to do? (b) Is the code well presented and readable? (c) Is the output correct and nicely formatted? (d) Are typical error situations identified and handled?
Homework #9 EE512: Stochastic Process for Financial Engineering Fall 2024 Assigned on: November 13, 2024 Due on: November 22, 2024 November 13, 2024 Note: All problems are taken from the book “A First Course in Stochastic Calculus” by Louis-Pierre Arguin, AMS,2020. Chapter 9 • 9.4. Numerical Projects and Exercises: 9.1 (a, b), 9.2 (a,b, c) • Exercises: 9.1, 9.2
Assignment Remit Programme Title MSc Management Module Title Organisational Behaviour and Leadership Module Code 38003 Assignment Title Supplementary (Resit) Individual Reflective Essay Level 7 Weighting 70% Hand Out Date 30/09/2024 Deadline Date & Time 18/12/2024 12pm Feedback Post Date 21st working day after the deadline date Assignment Format Essay Assignment Length 2000 words Submission Format Online Individual Module Learning Outcomes: This assignment is designed to assess the following module learning outcomes. Your submission will be marked using the Grading Criteria given in the section below. LO 1. Explain essential concepts that enable analysis of organisational behaviour and leadership. LO 2. Develop and apply communication, team-work, negotiation and adaptive leadership skills. LO3. Engage in continuous professional development as a manager or leader of people. Assignment: Individual Reflection The task: Critically reflect on your experience as a group member while completing assignment 1. Using the theories examined in the module, analyse your and other group members’ actions, behaviours, and intended outcomes. For the past few weeks, you have been working in groups for assignment 1. During this time, you had to collaborate, communicate, distribute work, keep meeting minutes, undergo peer review, and learn to interact with others with different working styles, motivations, and often ethics. This assignment is an opportunity to critically reflect on your experience as a group member and make connections between what you experienced in practice and the theoretical perspectives examined in class. For this assignment, it is vital that you focus on one or two themes and use relevant theories to go deeper in your reflective analysis. We are interested in quality rather than quantity; thus, it would be preferable to use multiple layers to critically analyse a situation, than to describe on the surface a plethora of events. Whichever structure you choose to use for your essay, it is important that you include a section where you demonstrate the insights and learning you have achieved by reflecting on the specific situations vis-à-vis the theories examined in the module. Mandatory You will need to include as an appendix: 1. The meeting minutes for one of the group sessions you attended. 2. Evidence of a peer-review Please, use the Templates provided at the end of this document. Grading Criteria / Marking Rubric Your submission will be graded according to the following criteria: 1. Introduction and problem statement 2. Reading and critical understanding of theory 3. Analysis 4. Development of insight 5. Presentation (format and style) See the marking rubric at the end of the remit for more information on how your work will be marked and graded.
Economic Growth Module B: Take Home Assessment Part A: Inequality Estimation using HCES 2022-24 Dataset (Dataset available on Canvas) Question 1: [15 points] What is Gini coefficient? Is a higher Gini coefficient implying higher inequality? Question 2: [25 points] Estimate the Gini Coefficient using HCES 2022-24 dataset. Question 3: [25 points] Estimate the Gini Coefficient for state “Gujarat” and “Kerala”. Does one of these have a higher inequality? Hint – Doing this is tricky. You will have to run the inequality do-file twice. After loading the HCES 2022-23 data, use: keep if state==”Gujarat” and then run the do-file. Note down your Gini Coefficient. In next step, repeat the process except now you will run: keep if state==”Kerala” after loading your data. Note the Gini Coefficient. In case this step is not clear, please reach out to me over email immediately. Question 4: [10 points] Using all possible sources (including AI), why do you think one of these states has a higher inequality than the other? Part B: Questions on Module B Question 5: [25 points] Most of the policies we have studied help low-income countries accelerate economic growth but also increase inequality. Do you think it is possible for low-income countries to transition to high-income countries? Question 6: [25 points] In terms of your understanding of Module B literature, do you think you as a policy advisor should pay particular attention to inequality? Question 7: [25 points] Do you think opening of trade can help economies achieve a high economic growth along with a reduction in inequality? What is the actual evidence on trade and inequality? How would you as a policymaker approach opening up of trade in your respective country? Part C: Question 8: [25 points] What are some of the major learnings that you have had from the material discussed in Module B? Please feel free to list any specific material that is of interest to you.
